1、BRITISH STANDARD Windows, doors and shutters - Explosion resistance - Requirements and classification - a Part 1: Shock tube The European Standard EN 13123-1:2001 has the status of a British Standard ICs 13.230; 91.060.50 BS EN 13123-1:2001 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY CO
2、PYRIGHT LAW BS EN 13123-12001 Amd. No. National foreword Date Comments This British Standard is the official English language version of The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/538, Doors, windows, shutters, hardware and curtain walling, to Subcommittee B/538/2
3、, Doors, which has the responsibility to: EN 13123-1:2001. - - aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments
4、 and promulgate them in the UK. - A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalog
5、ue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their corr
6、ect application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Committee for Building and Civil Engineering, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and
7、comes into effect on 15June2001 Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 12, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued sin
8、ce publication O BSI 06-2001 ISBN O 580 37704 O EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPASCHE NORM EN 13123-1 April 2001 ICs 13.230; 91 .O6050 English version Windows, doors and shutters - Explosion resistance - Requirements and classification - Part 1: Shock tube Fentres, portes et fermetures - Rsis
9、tance lexplosion - Prescriptions et classification - Partie 1: Tube effet de souffle (shock tube) Fenster, Tren und Abschlsse - Sprengwirkungshemmung - Anforderungen und Klassifizierung -Teil 1: Storohr This European Standard was approved by CEN on 7 March 2001. CEN members are bound to comply with
10、the CENICENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-todate lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or
11、 to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three oficial versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the oficial versions.
12、 CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMIiTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITI? EUROPEEN DE
13、 NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stascart, 36 B-1050 Brussels O 2001 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13123-1:2001 E Page 2 EN 13123-1 12001 Contents Page Foreword . 3 1 Scope .
14、 4 2 Normative references . 4 3 Terms and definitions 4 4 Requirements 4 5 Classification of the level of explosion pressure resistance (EPR) 5 Annex A (normative) Blast parameters and derivation . 7 O BSI 06-2001 1 Page 3 EN 13123-1:2001 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technica
15、l Committee CEN/TC 33, Doors, windows, shutters, building hardware and curtain walling, the Secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2001, and
16、 conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2001. This European Standard is one of a series of standards for windows, doors and curtain walling. The requirements and classification relate to a test specified in EN 131 24-1. 0 Annex A is normative. According to the CEN
17、KENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden,
18、 Switzerland and the United Kingdom. O BSI 06-2001 Page 4 EN 131 23-1 12001 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the criteria which windows, doors and shutters shall satisfy to achieve a classification when submitted to the test method described in EN 13124-1. This European Standard concerns a m
19、ethod of test against blast waves generated by using a shock tube facility to simulate a high explosive detonation in the order of 100 kg to 2 500 kg TNT at distances from about 35 m to 50 m. This European Standard is applicable to blast overpressure generated in a shock tube test facility used to s
20、imulate a high explosive detonation on windows, doors and shutters, complete with their frames and infills, for use in both internal and external locations in buildings. It gives no information on the explosion resistance capacity of the wall or other surrounding structure. 2 Normative references Th
21、is European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publi
22、cations apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). EN 13124-1:2001, Windows, doors and shutters - Explosion resistance - Test method - Part 1: Shock tu
23、be. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard the terms and definitions given in EN 13124-1 apply. 4 Requirements Resistance to perforation and pressure shall be classified in accordance with clause 5. To achieve a particular class of explosion resistance, the test specimen
24、shall: (a) be subjected to not less than the corresponding level of each of peak pressure, positive O specific impulse and minimum duration specified in clause 5, Table 1; and (b) show no perforation or damage exceeding that specified in 9.2 of EN 13124-1:2001. After the test, the door leaf and/or a
25、ny opening sash shall remain retained in the closed position whether the opening mechanisms shall be still operable or not. It shall not be possible to gain unauthorized access from the attack face as a result of damage or exposure during the test of any security closure mechanisms which were intent
26、ionally secure prior to the test. It is not a requirement of the test that performance in other respects such as air permeability, watertightness, wind resistance, etc. be maintained. O BSI 06-2001 Page 5 EN 131 23-1 12001 Classification code EPRI If the intended application of the window, door and
27、shutter is such that it will be specifically subjected to climatic extremes, the test specimen shall be tested at these climatic extremes. Peak pressure Positive specific impulsion pmax I+ bar a bar-ms 0,50 317 NOTE protection which is at least equal to that of the window or door. Care should be tak
28、en to ensure that all joints between the wall and the window or door have EPR2 EPR3 EPR4 5 Classification of the level of explosion pressure resistance (EPR) 1 ,o0 9,o 1,50 150 2,OO 22,o The classes EPRI to EPR4 given in Table 1 are in order of increasing explosion pressure resistance. When a window
29、, door or shutter achieves a particular class it also automatically achieves all lower classes. Table 1 - Characteristics of the shock wave I Minimum values of: I NOTE 1 The classification refers to the reflected pressure values which the test specimen experiences. NOTE 2 A latitude of -5 % is permi
30、tted on the pressure value to allow for gauge reading tolerance. No reduction is permitted on the impulse and duration values which shall be determined in accordance with annex A. The decay coefficient defining the shape of the mean pressure trace lies within the values O to 4. NOTE 3 The testing au
31、thority is required to ensure that the pressure and impulse values for any one classification test remain below that of the next higher classification or, in the case of EPR4, the upper bound values given as Pma = 2,5 and i+ = 32 (see Figure A.l in annex A). NOTE 4 presence or absence of splinters o
32、riginating from the rear (protected) face of the test specimen. Results of the tests are further notated with an addition of an “S” or “NS” suffix with regard to the Examples: EPRI (S) = Splinters ejected from rear (protected side) of the glass or infill material. EPR1 (NS) = No splinters ejected fr
33、om rear (protected side) of the glass or infill material. a O BSI 06-2001 Page 6 EN 13123-1 2001 Pmax t 3 * POI - 1 5 I 8 I I- - 6 Key 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Time of arrival Ambient pressure Pressure Positive specific impulse, i+ Positive phase Duration Negative specific impulse, i. Negative phase Time a
34、fter explosion NOTE For definitions refer to clause 3. With a blast wave generated by a shock tube the negative phase may not be present. Figure 1 - Idealized pressure-time variation for a blast wave O BSI 06-2001 Page 7 EN 13123-1:2001 Annex A (normative) Blast parameters and derivation A.l Scope T
35、his annex sets out the procedures to be followed by the testing authority to achieve consistent measurement and derivation of the test blast parameters for comparison against the classification parameters defined in requirements and classification clause 5, Table 1. A.2 Symbols Pressure, above ambie
36、nt pressure, at time t Classification peak pressure Peak pressure derived from measured test values Classification positive phase specific impulse Positive phase specific impulse calculated from measured test values Classification positive phase duration Positive phase duration derived from measured
37、 test values Triangular duration calculated from classification values of P, and i+, Triangular duration calculated from Pmax and i+ A.3 Units Parameter Units Equivalent units a Pressure bar = 100 kPa - (kilopascal) Duration ms = ms - (milliseconds) Impulse bar-ms = area enclosed by pressure-time cu
38、rve = 100 kN/m2 - (kilonewton/m2) A.4 Mathematical relationships The relationship between the parameters Pmax, i+, t+ and tA can be expressed as functions of the exponential decay shape of the idealized pressure-time trace using the following formulae: a O BSI 06-2001 Page 8 EN 131 23-1 12001 (a) Th
39、e modified Friedlander equation: where: A is the decay coefficient or form parameter. (b) The integration of the modified Friedlander equation to express the calculated impulse, which is the area under the positive phase of the pressure-time trace, as: (c) tA = 2 x i+/Pmax; giving the equivalent tri
40、angular duration for the limiting case when the value of the decay coefficient, A, would be zero and the trace would be a straight line, which idealized case is often used in carrying out response calculations. AS Classification blast pulses Figures A.l and A.2 illustrate the idealized shape and rel
41、ationships of the classification blast pulses which would occur with a value for the decay coefficient of A = 1. These values of Pc (less than 5 %) and i+c are the minimum permissible to achieve the appropriate classification and are related to each other and t+c by the same formulae as in clause A.
42、4: (a) (t) = Pcl - t/t+c x exp-A x t/kc; (b) i+c = Pc x t+c(l/A) - (1/A2) x I - exp(-A). Different shape classification pulses may similarly be derived ranging from sharper curves having a steeper initial decay rate but longer final duration for A = 4 down towards the limiting case of a straight lin
43、e corresponding to A = O when: (C) t, = tAc = 2 x i+JP,. In all cases, the values of all three blast parameters, peak pressure, impulse and duration and the value of the decay coefficient A shall comply with clause 5. It shall be noted that: (d) for example, when A is less than 1, the value for the
44、impulse may have to be higher than the minimum classification value in order to comply with the requirement for the duration to be not less than 20 ms; (e) often the duration shall exceed 20 ms in order for the impulse not to be less than the classification minimum. O BSI 06-2001 Page 9 EN 13123-1 2
45、001 A.6 Method of recording test parameters O The test blast parameters shall be obtained using electronic recording equipment capable of recording and reproducing, on screen and in the form of a hard copy visual trace, the pressure- time history of the blast pulse in steps of not more than 0,l ms.
46、This shall be done for each of the two blast gauges receiving the blast pressure (normally the reflected values) experienced by the attack face of the test specimen. The pressure-time history shall be recorded and reproducible over the positive phase period in detail and also over the subsequent per
47、iod of not less than 10 times the duration of the positive phase. By agreement with the applicant, the equipment may incorporate devices to filter and/or smooth the pressure-time history to a mean trace. If such devices are used, details of the method and effect of filtering or smoothing shall be st
48、ated in the test report. A.7 Criteria for compliance of the pressure wave A pressure wave in accordance with the classification will be achieved if the measured and calculated parameters are not less than the corresponding minimum values set out in clause 5, Table 1. The upper tolerance values for e
49、ach class are imposed on the testing authority in order to ensure that test specimens are not subjected to unfairly over onerous or destructive loads. A.8 Procedure for verifying compliance of the pressure wave Measured and recorded pressure-time traces may follow an irregular shape, therefore it is necessary to carry out a recognized procedure, such as that following, in order to prove compliance with the classification parameters: - Draw a smooth curve through the trace to produce a mean pressure-time trace that most closely matches the mean path of the recorde
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