EN 13135-2013 en Cranes - Safety - Design - Requirements for equipment《起重机 安全性 设计 设备要求》.pdf

1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 13135:2013Cranes Safety Design Requirements for equipmentBS EN 13135:2013 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 13135:2013.

2、It supersedes BS EN 13135-1:2003+A1:2010 and BS EN 13135-2:2004+A1:2010 which are withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee MHE/3/1, Crane design.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This public

3、ation does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 72945 4 ICS 53.020.20 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immuni

4、ty from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 March 2013.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 13135:2013EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 13135 February 2013 ICS 53.020.2

5、0 Supersedes EN 13135-1:2003+A1:2010, EN 13135-2:2004+A1:2010English Version Cranes - Safety - Design - Requirements for equipment Appareils de levage charge suspendue - Scurit - Conception - Prescriptions relatives lquipement Krane - Sicherheit - Konstruktion - Anforderungen an die Ausrstungen This

6、 European Standard was approved by CEN on 5 January 2013. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical referenc

7、es concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN me

8、mber into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, F

9、rance, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES

10、 KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13135:2013: EBS EN 13135:2013EN 13135:2013 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword . 4 Introduction 5 1 Scope 6 2 No

11、rmative references . 6 3 Terms and definitions 8 4 List of significant hazards . 11 5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures. 14 5.1 General . 14 5.2 Electrical equipment 14 5.2.1 General . 14 5.2.2 Physical environment and operating conditions 15 5.2.3 Electrical supply . 15 5.2.4 Protectio

12、n against electric shock by direct contact . 15 5.2.5 Control circuits and control functions 15 5.2.6 Operator interface and mounted control devices . 16 5.2.7 Power driven motions 16 5.2.8 Selection of motors 16 5.3 Mechanical equipment . 24 5.3.1 General . 24 5.3.2 Clutches and couplings . 25 5.3.

13、3 Brakes . 25 5.3.4 Gear drives . 28 5.3.5 Wheels on rails . 29 5.3.6 Rope systems . 30 5.3.7 Chain systems 33 5.3.8 Belt systems . 34 5.3.9 Adjustment rods . 35 5.3.10 Compensating means 36 5.4 Structures associated with mechanical equipment 36 5.4.1 Structures . 36 5.4.2 Structural equipment . 36

14、5.5 Fluid power systems 37 5.5.1 Controls and control devices of fluid power systems 37 5.5.2 Protective measures 38 5.5.3 Overload testing . 38 5.5.4 Hydraulic equipment 39 5.5.5 Pneumatic equipment 41 5.6 Fixed load lifting attachments . 42 5.6.1 General . 42 5.6.2 Hooks 43 5.7 Equipment for safeg

15、uarding 44 5.7.1 General . 44 5.7.2 Safety related functions of control systems . 45 5.7.3 Measures to decrease the consequences of loss of drive power 45 5.7.4 Safety devices to prevent overrunning of movements . 45 5.7.5 Derailment safety device 46 5.7.6 Provisions to prevent tipping 47 5.7.7 Stor

16、m-locking . 47 5.7.8 Anti-collision device 47 BS EN 13135:2013EN 13135:2013 (E) 3 5.8 Environmental effects 48 5.8.1 Protection against weakening of material . 48 5.8.2 Temperature . 48 5.9 High risk applications 49 5.9.1 General . 49 5.9.2 Decreasing of the probability of occurrence of harm . 49 5.

17、9.3 Additional requirements for the transportation of hot molten metal . 51 6 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective measures . 55 7 Information for use . 59 7.1 General . 59 7.2 Instructions for operation in special situations 59 7.3 Instructions for installation and maintenance

18、59 7.4 Maintenance instructions in the case of high risk applications . 60 7.5 Marking . 60 Annex A (informative) Selection of a suitable set of crane standards for a given application 61 Annex B (informative) Design of rail wheel flanges . 62 Annex C (informative) Guidance on rope systems 64 Annex

19、D (informative) Specification of endurance of equipment 65 D.1 Basic approach. 65 D.2 Examples of application . 66 D.2.1 Roller bearing . 66 D.2.2 Lifting attachment, fixed or non-fixed . 66 D.2.3 Turnbuckle 67 D.2.4 Electromechanical component 67 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this Eur

20、opean Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC 68 Bibliography 69 BS EN 13135:2013EN 13135:2013 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 13135:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 147 “Cranes - Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standar

21、d shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this

22、document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 13135-1:2003+A1:2010 and EN 13135-2:2004+A1:2010. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Com

23、mission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. Since the previous edition, major changes have been made in 5.2.8, 5.3.3.2, 5.3.3.5, 5

24、.3.6.2, 5.6.2, 5.7.2, 5.9 and in Annex D, which deals with a new issue. There are several updates in standard references, and a number of clauses have been redrafted for reasons of clarity and technical and editorial accuracy. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards

25、 organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxemb

26、ourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 13135:2013EN 13135:2013 (E) 5 Introduction This European Standard is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100. This European Standard has been prepared

27、 to provide one means for equipment of cranes to conform with the essential health and safety requirements of the Machinery Directive. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are indicated in the scope of this document. When provisions of

28、this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard. BS EN 13135:

29、2013EN 13135:2013 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard specifies requirements for the design and selection of electrical, mechanical, hydraulic and pneumatic equipment used in all types of cranes and their associated fixed load lifting attachments with the objectives of protecting personnel from haz

30、ards affecting their health and safety and of ensuring reliability of function. NOTE Specific requirements for particular types of cranes, and for load lifting attachments, are given in the appropriate European Standard. The electrical equipment covered by this European Standard commences at the poi

31、nt of connection of the supply to the crane (the crane supply switch) including systems for power supply and control feeders situated outside the crane, e.g. flexible cables, conductor wires or bars, electric motors and cableless controls. The principles to be applied for cranes transporting hazardo

32、us loads are given in this standard. Particular requirements are given for cranes transporting hot molten metal. The standard does not cover the detail design of individual items of equipment except with regard to their selection for specific aspects of use. In general, the proof of competence calcu

33、lations and related strength requirements or safety margins of equipment and components are not covered by this standard. These questions are covered in EN 13001 parts 1 and 2, and in the EN 13001-3 series that is partly under preparation (see Annex A). Exceptionally, some safety margins are given h

34、ere for items not covered in EN 13001-series. Hazards due to noise are not covered by this standard. They are addressed in safety standards specific to each type of crane. The specific hazards due to potentially explosive atmospheres, ionising radiation, and operation in electromagnetic fields beyon

35、d the range of EN 61000-6-2 are not covered by this European Standard. The significant hazards covered by this European Standard are identified in Clause 4. This European Standard is not applicable to cranes, which are manufactured before the date of publication by CEN of this standard. 2 Normative

36、references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) appli

37、es. EN 818-1, Short link chain for lifting purposes Safety Part 1: General conditions of acceptance EN 818-7, Short link chain for lifting purposes Safety Part 7: Fine tolerance hoist chain, Grade T (Types T, DAT and DT) EN 1037, Safety of machinery Prevention of unexpected start-up EN 1561, Foundin

38、g Grey cast irons EN 12077-2, Cranes safety Requirements for health and safety Part 2: Limiting and indicating devices EN 12385-4, Steel wire ropes Safety Part 4: Stranded ropes for general lifting applications EN 12644-2, Cranes Information for use and testing Part 2: Marking BS EN 13135:2013EN 131

39、35:2013 (E) 7 EN 13001-1, Cranes General design Part 1: General principles and requirements EN 13001-2, Crane safety General design Part 2: Load actions EN 13001-3-1, Cranes General design Part 3-1: Limit states and proof competence of steel structure CEN/TS 13001-3-2, Cranes General design Part 3-2

40、: Limit states and proof of competence of wire ropes in reeving systems CEN/TS 13001-3-5, Cranes General design Part 3-5: Limit states and proof of competence of forged hooks EN 13155, Cranes Safety Non-fixed load lifting attachments EN 13411-1, Terminations for steel wire ropes Safety Part 1: Thimb

41、les for steel wire rope slings EN 13411-3, Terminations for steel wire ropes Safety Part 3: Ferrules and ferrule-securing EN 13411-4, Terminations for steel wire ropes Safety Part 4: Metal and resin socketing EN 13411-6, Terminations for steel wire ropes Safety Part 6: Asymmetric wedge socket EN 134

42、80-3, Metallic industrial piping Part 3: Design and calculation EN 13557, Cranes Controls and control stations EN 60034-1:2010, Rotating electrical machines Part 1: Rating and performance EN 60204-11, Safety of machinery Electrical equipment of machines Part 11: Requirements for HV equipment for vol

43、tages above 1 000 V a.c. or 1 500 V d.c. and not exceeding 36 kV EN 60204-32:2008, Safety of machinery Electrical equipment of machines Part 32: Requirements for hoisting machines EN ISO 4413, Hydraulic fluid power General rules and safety requirements for systems and their components (ISO 4413) EN

44、ISO 4414, Pneumatic fluid power General rules and safety requirements for systems and their components (ISO 4414) EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery General principles for design Risk assessment and risk reduction (ISO 12100:2010) EN ISO 13732-1, Ergonomics of the thermal environment Methods for

45、 the assessment of human responses to contact with surfaces Part 1: Hot surfaces (ISO 13732-1) EN ISO 13849-1, Safety of machinery Safety-related parts of control systems Part 1: General principles for design (ISO 13849-1) EN ISO 13850, Safety of machinery Emergency stop Principles for design (ISO 1

46、3850) IEC 60364-4-41, Low-voltage electrical installations Part 4-41: Protection for safety Protection against electric shock ISO 4306-1:2007, Cranes Vocabulary Part 1: General ISO 4309, Cranes Wire ropes Care and maintenance, inspection and discard BS EN 13135:2013EN 13135:2013 (E) 8 ISO 4347, Leaf

47、 chains, clevises and sheaves Dimensions, measuring forces and tensile strengths ISO 6336-1, Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears Part 1: Basic principles, introduction and general influence factors ISO 6336-2, Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears Part 2: Calculat

48、ion of surface durability (pitting) ISO 6336-3, Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears Part 3: Calculation of tooth bending strength ISO 6336-5, Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears Part 5: Strength and quality of materials ISO 10300-1, Calculation of load capacity

49、of bevel gears Part 1: Introduction and general influence factors ISO 10300-2, Calculation of load capacity of bevel gears Part 2: Calculation of surface durability (pitting) ISO 10300-3, Calculation of load capacity of bevel gears - Part 3: Calculation of tooth root strength ISO 12482-1, Cranes Condition monitoring Part 1: General ISO 12488-1, Cranes Tolerances for wheels and travel and traversing tracks Part 1: General ISO/TR 14521, Ge