EN 13157-2004 en Cranes - Safety - Hand powered cranes (Incorporating corrigendum October 2008 Incorporates Ammendment A1 2009)《起重机 安全 手动提升设备》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARDCranes Safety Hand powered cranesICS 53.020.20nullnull nullnullnullnullnullnullnull nullnullnullnullnullnullnull nullnullnull nullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnull nullnullnullnullnullnull nullnull nullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnull nullnull nullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnull

2、nullnullnullBS EN13157:2004+A1:2009IncorporatingcorrigendumOctober 2008National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 13157:2004+A1:2009, incorporating corrigendum October 2008. It supersedes BS EN 13157:2004 which is withdrawn.The start and finish of text introduced or altere

3、d by amendment is indicated in the text by tags. Tags indicating changes to CEN text carry the number of the CEN amendment. For example, text altered by CEN amendment A1 is indicated by !“.Text altered by CEN corrigendum October 2008 is indicated in the text by .The UK as a member of CEN is obliged

4、to publish EN 13157:2004+A1:2009 as a British Standard. However, attention is drawn to the fact that during the development of this European Standard, the UK consistently voted against its approval as a European Standard.The reason for the negative vote is that the UK committee had concerns with the

5、 following issues: It is the UK committees belief that the static and dynamic tests are to be performed on all lifting machines ready to be put into service, as required in EHSR 4.1.3. EN 13157 still does not require this test and experience with low cost products in recent years shows that this tes

6、t is needed. Clause 4 and the headings of tables 1 6 do not explain the numbers in the first column of the tables. The numbers correlate with the hazards listed in Annex A of BS EN 1050:1997, except numbers 1.1 to 1.3.7 inclusive which correlate to Annex A of BS EN 292-2:1991 which was withdrawn in

7、2003. In Figure 2, there are typographic errors in the referencing and layout of the diagram, and therefore this does not reflect current UK practice. The changes of corrigendum October 2008 include the changes to Tables 7 and 8 where the terminology Product manufactured in series has been replaced

8、with Mass produced lifting equipment. The committee feels that that the former definition works better within the terms of the Directive.BS EN 13157:2004+A1:2009This British Standard waspublished under the authorityof the Standards Policy andStrategy Committee on31 January 2005 The British Standards

9、Institution 2012Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Comments 31 January 2012 Implementation of CEN amendment A1:2009 and corrigendum October 2008. ISBN 978 0 580 62969 3BS EN 13157:2004+A1:2009i It is the opinion of the UK committee that the verifications in 6.3.2.2, 6.3.2.3, 6.3.3.1,

10、 6.3.4.1 and 6.3.6.3 require more detail to provide repeatable results.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee MHE/3, Cranes and derricks to subcommittee MHE/3/6 Winches, hoists, lifting blocks and accessories. A list of organizations represented on this sub comm

11、ittee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannnot confer immunity from legal obligations.This page deliberately set bl

12、ankEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 13157:2004+A1 August 2009 ICS 53.020.20 Supersedes EN 13157:2004English Version Cranes - Safety - Hand powered cranes Appareils de levage charge suspendue - Scurit - Appareils de levage bras Krane - Sicherheit - Handbetriebene Krane This Europe

13、an Standard was approved by CEN on 22 October 2003 and includes Corrigendum 1 issued by CEN on 8 October 2008 and Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 16 July 2009. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard th

14、e status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, Germ

15、an). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech R

16、epublic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN

17、 DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13157:2004+A1:2009: EIncorporating corrigendum October 20082 Contents Forewo

18、rd 3Introduction .41 Scope 52 Normative references 53 Terms and definitions .63.1 General definitions 63.2 Definitions for hand chain blocks 73.3 Definitions for lever hoists .83.4 Definitions for jaw winches . 103.5 Definitions for hand powered trolleys supporting lifting machines 103.6 Definitions

19、 for drum winches 123.7 Definitions for pulley blocks and deflection pulley . 134 List of significant hazards . 155 Safety requirements and/or measures . 215.1 Hand chain blocks 215.2 Lever hoists . 235.3 Jaw winches 285.4 Hand powered trolleys supporting lifting machines . 305.5 Drum winches . 325.

20、6 Pulley blocks and deflection pulleys 346 Verification of the safety requirements and/or measures 356.1 General . 356.2 Categories of verification . 356.3 Verification methods 367 Information for use . 477.1 Information for use of hand chain blocks 477.2 Information for use of lever hoists 487.3 In

21、formation for use of jaw winches. 497.4 Information for use of hand powered trolleys . 507.5 Information for use of drum winches . 527.6 Information for use of pulley blocks and deflection pulleys 53Annex A (normative) Standards for hooks 56Annex ZA (informative) Relationship of this European Standa

22、rd and the essential requirements of EC Directive 98/37/EC . 57Annex ZB (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC“ 58BS EN 13157:2004+A1:2009 EN 13157:2004+A1:2009 (E)3 Foreword This document (EN 13157:2004+A1:2009) has been

23、prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 147 “Cranes - Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2010, and conflicting national stand

24、ards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2010. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document includes Amendme

25、nt 1, approved by CEN on 2009-07-16 and Corrigendum 1, issued by CEN on 2008-10-08. This document supersedes EN 13157:2004. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags ! “. The modifications of the related CEN Corrigendum have been implemented at

26、the appropriate places in the text and are indicated by the tags . This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). Annex A is normative. !For relationship with EU

27、Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document.“ According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Rep

28、ublic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. BS EN 13157:2004+A1:2009 EN 13157:2004+A1:2009 (E)4 In

29、troduction This European Standard has been prepared to be a harmonised standard to provide one means for hand powered lifting equipment to conform to the essential health and safety requirements of the Machinery Directive, as amended. This European Standard is a type C standard as stated in !EN ISO

30、12100-2“. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards are covered are indicated in the scope of this standard. When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provi

31、sions of the other standards, for lever blocks which have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard. BS EN 13157:2004+A1:2009 EN 13157:2004+A1:2009 (E)5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies requirements for the following hand powered lifting equipment defined in

32、 clause 3: Hand chain blocks; Lever hoists; Jaw winches; Hand powered trolleys supporting lifting machines; Drum winches; Pulley blocks and deflection pulley. The significant hazards covered by this European Standard are identified in clause 4. This European Standard does not cover hazards related t

33、o the lifting of persons. This standard does not specify the additional requirements for: use in ambient temperature outside the range of - 10C to + 50C, hand powered lifting equipment in direct contact with food stuffs or pharmaceuticals requiring a high level of cleanliness for hygiene reasons; ha

34、zards resulting from handling specific hazardous materials (e.g. explosives, hot molten masses, radiating materials); hazards caused by operation in an explosive atmosphere. This European Standard is applicable to hand powered lifting equipment, which are manufactured after the date of approval by C

35、EN of this standard. 2 Normative references !The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.“ !de

36、leted text“ !EN 818-7:2002“, Short link chain for lifting purposes Safety Part 7: Fine tolerance hoist chain, Grades T (Types T, DAT and DT) EN 1005-3, Safety of machinery Human physical performance Part 3: Recommended force limits for machinery operation !deleted text“ EN 12385-1, Steel wire ropes

37、Safety Part 1: General requirements EN 12385-4, Steel wire ropes Safety Part 4: Stranded ropes for general lifting applications EN 13411-1, Terminations for steel wire ropes Safety Part 1: Thimbles for steel wire rope slings EN 13411-2, Terminations for steel wire ropes Safety Part 2: Splicing of ey

38、es for wire rope slings BS EN 13157:2004+A1:2009 EN 13157:2004+A1:2009 (E)6 !EN 13411-3“, Terminations for steel wire ropes Safety Part 3: Ferrules and ferrule-securing EN 13411-4, Terminations for steel wire ropes Safety Part 4: Metal and resin socketing !EN 13411-6“, Terminations for steel wire ro

39、pes Safety Part 6: Asymmetric wedge socket !EN 13411-7“, Terminations for steel wire ropes Safety Part 7: Symmetric wedge socket !EN ISO 12100-1, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003) EN ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of

40、 machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 2: Technical principles (ISO 12100-2:2003)“ ISO 606, Short-pitch transmission precision roller and bush chains, attachments and associated chain sprockets ISO 4309, Cranes Wires ropes !Care, maintenance, installation and discard“ 3 Terms

41、and definitions For the purposes of this standard, the definitions given in !EN ISO 12100-2:2003“ apply, together with the following: 3.1 General definitions 3.1.1 coefficient of utilisation (safety coefficient) the arithmetic ratio between the maximum load held by the lifting equipment and its rate

42、d capacity 3.1.2 combined unit combination of a trolley and a hoist which are connected (see figure 1) 3.1.3 dynamic tests testing of lifting equipment by executing operating motions under a specified test load exceeding the rated capacity 3.1.4 lifting change in level during the movement NOTE Lifti

43、ng incorporates the vertical or the vertical and horizontal movement of the load or all combinations 3.1.5 rated capacity load that the lifting equipment is designed to lift for a given operating condition (e.g. configuration, position of the load) BS EN 13157:2004+A1:2009 EN 13157:2004+A1:2009 (E)7

44、 Figure 1 Example of combined units 3.1.6 static tests testing of lifting equipment by applying a specified static load, exceeding the rated capacity 3.1.7 test coefficient the ratio between the load used for static and dynamic tests and the rated capacity 3.2 Definitions for hand chain blocks 3.2.1

45、 hand chain block device for lifting and lowering a load suspended from one chain (the load chain) by means of human effort applied to another chain (the hand chain) and for holding this load (see figure 2) BS EN 13157:2004+A1:2009 EN 13157:2004+A1:2009 (E)8 123765841. Hand chain 2. Hand chain wheel

46、 3. Cover 4. Load chain wheel 5. Anchorage of the load chain 6. Load hook 7. Load Chain 8. Chain end stop 9. Top hook Figure 2 Example of a hand chain block 3.3 Definitions for lever hoists 3.3.1 D/d ratio the ratio of the minimum pitch circle diameter of the first rope layer of the drum or sheave t

47、o the calculated minimum diameter of the rope 3.3.2 lever hoist device for lifting and lowering a load suspended from a lifting medium by means of human effort applied to a lever and to hold it by means of a braking devices(see figure 3) 3.3.3 pitch circle diameter twice the distance between the dru

48、m or the sheave axle and the middle of the rope or webbing in direct contact with the drum or sheaves (first layer on drum) BS EN 13157:2004+A1:2009 EN 13157:2004+A1:2009 (E)9 1526731523891. Lever 2. Hook 3. Drum 4. Load chain wheel 5. Anchorage of the lifting medium 6. Chain end stop 7. Load Chain

49、8. Rope 9. Webbing Figure 3 Example of lever hoists BS EN 13157:2004+A1:2009 EN 13157:2004+A1:2009 (E)10 3.4 Definitions for jaw winches 3.4.1 jaw winches device for lifting, lowering and holding a load by means of a rope, where the rope is gripped or moved by jaws using human effort on a lever or levers(see figure 4) 3.4.2 operation cycle (for test purp