1、BRITISH STANDARD Stationary source emissions Determination of low range mass concentration of dust Part 1: Manual gravimetric method The European Standard EN 13284-1:2001 has the status ofa British Standard ICs 13.040.40 BS EN 13284-1 12002 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY CO
2、PYRIGHT LAW BS EN 13284-112002 Amd. No. National foreword Date Comments This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Health and Environment Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 25 January 2
3、002 This British Standard is the official English language version of The UKparticipation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee EH/2, Air quality, to Subcommittee EH/2/1, Stationary source emissions, which has the responsibility to: EN 13284-112001. - - aid enquirers to understand
4、the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. - A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee
5、can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cr oss-r e fer enc e s The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by u
6、sing the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immuni
7、ty from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 46, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. O BSI 25 January 2002 ISBN
8、 O 580 38920 O EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 13284-1 November 2001 ICs 13.040.40 English version Stationary source emissions - Determination of low range mass concentration of dust - Part 1 : Manual gravimetric method Emissions de sources fixes - Dtermination de la faible conc
9、entration en masse de poussires - Partie 1: Mthode gravimtrique manuelle Emissionen aus stationren Quellen - Ermittlung der Staubmassenkonzentration bei geringen Staubkonzentrationen - Teil 1 : Manuelles gravimetrisches Verfahren This European Standard was approved by CEN on 11 October 2001 CEN memb
10、ers are bound to comply with the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on applicatio
11、n to the Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same s
12、tatus as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STAN
13、DARDIZATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels O 2001 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13284-1:2001 E EN 13284-1:2001 (E) Contents Pag
14、e Foreword 4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions . 5 4 Principle 8 5 Sampling plane and sampling points 9 . 9 5.1 General . . 9 9 . and location of sampling points 5.4 Access ports and working platorm . IO Equipment and materials 11 6.2 Sampling equipment . . II 6.3 Dust depos
15、it recovery accessories. . 17 6.4 Equipment for conditioning and weighing 17 7 Weighing procedure 18 6 6.1 11 Gas velocity, temperature, pressure and composition measurement devices 18 18 . 18 . 19 . . tment of weighed parts . 7.5 Post-sampling treatment of the rinsing solutions I9 7.6 Improvement o
16、f the weighing procedure . I9 8 Sampling procedure 20 8.1 General aspects . .20 8.2 Preparation . 8.3 Pre measurements . .20 8.4 Sampling procedure 21 8.5 . .22 8.6 Overall blank sample 9 Thermal behaviour of dusts . 22 10 Validation of results 23 10.1 General 10.2 Parameters d 10.3 Leak check . 10.
17、4 Isokinetic rate . 10.5 Deposits of d 10.6 Overall blank .24 11 Calculation 24 11 .I Sampling volumetric flow rate . 11.2 Dust concentration 12 Performance characteristics of the method 25 12.1 General aspects . .25 12.2 Experimental data . .26 12.3 Comments . . .27 13 Test report 27 Recovery of de
18、posits upstream of the filter . 2 EN 13284-1:2001 (E) Annex A (normative) Requirements related to the working platform 30 Annex B (normative) Determination of flow direction with Pitot tubes 31 B.l Type L Pitot tube . 31 B.2 Type S Pitot tube 31 rectangular ducts 32 C.l Method for circular ducts 32
19、c.1 .I General. . c.1.2 General method for circular C.1.3 Tangential method forcir C.2 Method for rectangular ducts Annex D (informative) Examples of suitable access ports for sampling equipment 37 Annex E (normative) Proven design of the entry nozzles . 39 Annex F (normative) Summary of the require
20、ments 42 Annex G (informative) Sampling volume, flow rate and duration . 43 G.l General G.2 Weighing uncertainties G.3 Sampling volume . Annex C (normative) Methods for determining the positions of sampling points in circular and G.4 Annex H (informative) Examples of weighing bias 44 H.2 Effect of i
21、nsuffi Sampling flow rate and duration . H.l General . . .44 H.3 Effect of temperature variations H.4 Effect of barometric pressure va . H.5 Conclusions . Bibliography 46 3 EN 13284-1:2001 (E) Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 264 “Air quality“, the secr
22、etariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2002, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2002. This document has been p
23、repared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). This European Standard consists of two parts: - EN 13284-1, Stationary source emissions - Determination of low range mass concentration of
24、dust - Part I: Manual gravimetric method - EN 13284-2, Stationary source emissions - Determination of low range mass concentration of dust - Part 2: Automated measuring systems The annexes A, B, C, E and F are normative. The annexes D, G and H are informative. This standard contains a Bibliography.
25、According to the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Port
26、ugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. 4 EN 13284-1:2001 (E) 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a reference method for the measurement of low dust concentration in ducted gaseous streams in the concentrations below 50 mg/m3 standard conditions. This method has been validated
27、with special emphasis around 5 mg/m3 on an average half hour sampling time. This European Standard is primarily developed and validated for gaseous streams emitted by waste incinerators. More generally, it may be applied to gases emitted from stationary sources, and to higher concentrations. If the
28、gases contain unstable, reactive or semi-volatile substances, the measurement depend on the sampling and filter treatment conditions. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at
29、the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of
30、the publication referred to applies (including amendments). IS0 3966: 1977, Measurement of fluid flow in closed conducts - Velocity area method using Pitot static tubes. IS0 5725-2, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and result - Part 2: Basis method for the determination of re
31、peatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 dust particles, of any shape, structure or density, dispersed in the gas phase at the sampling point conditions which m
32、ay be collected by filtration under specified conditions after representative sampling of the gas to be analysed, and which remain upstream of the filter and on the filter after drying under specified conditions 3.2 filtration temperature temperature of the sampled gas immediately downstream of the
33、filter 3.3 “in-stack“ filtration filtration in the duct with the filter in its filter holder placed immediately downstream of the sampling nozzle 3.4 “out-stack“ filtration filtration outside of the duct with the filter in its heated filter holder placed downstream of the sampling nozzle and the suc
34、tion tube (sampling probe) 3.5 isokinetic sampling sampling at a flow rate such that the velocity vN and direction of the gas entering the sampling nozzle are the same as the velocity va and direction of the gas in the duct at the sampling point (see Figure 1) 5 EN 13284-1:2001 (E) 4 I- A I I . VN K
35、ey 1 Duct 2 Internal diameter i 3 Radius of the bend (minimum 13 i) Figure 1 - Isokinetic sampling 3.6 isokinetic rate velocity ratio vN / va expressed in percentage as a characteristics of the deviation from isokinetic sampling (see 3.5) 3.7 hydraulic diameter characteristic dimension of a duct cro
36、ss-section defined by: 4 x area of sampling plane perimeter of sampling plane dh = 3.8 sampling plane (or sampling section) plane normal to the centreline of the duct at the sampling position (see Figure 2) 6 EN 13284-1:2001 (E) 3.9 sampling lines lines in the sampling plane along which the sampling
37、 points are located (see Figure 2), bounded by the inner duct wall . . Od L3 5dh 5dh 1 Sampling line 2 Sampling plane 3 Access port 4 Flow rate Figure 2 - Illustration of definitions in relation to a circular duct 3.10 sampling point specific position on a sampling line at which a sample is extracte
38、d 7 EN 13284-1:2001 (E) 3.1 1 standard conditions reference values for a dry gas at a pressure of 101,325 kPa rounded to 101,3 kPa and a temperature of 273,15 K rounded to 273 K 3.12 overall blank test sample taken at the plant site in an identical manner to the normal samples in the series, except
39、that no gas is sampled during test duration Note The measured mass variation provides an estimation of the uncertainties. The overall blank value, divided by the average sampling volume of the measurement series, provides an estimation of the detection limit (in milligrams per cubic metre) of the wh
40、ole measurement process, as carried out by the operators. The overall blank includes possible deposits on the filter and on all parts upstream. 3.13 weighing control procedure for the detectionkorrection of apparent weight variations due to possible changes between pre and post sampling weighing con
41、ditions 3.14 measurement series successive measurements carried out at the same sampling plane, and at the same process conditions 3.15 limit value dust concentration which is permitted by authorities for the plant process (.e. average limit value) Note For purposes other than regulatory uses the me
42、asurement value should be compared to a stated reference value. 4 Principle A sample stream of the gas is extracted from the main gas stream at representative sampling points for a measured period of time, with an isokinetically controlled flow rate and a measured volume. The dust entrained in the g
43、as sample is separated by a pre-weighed plane filter, which is then dried and re-weighed. Deposits upstream of the filter in the sampling equipment are also recovered and weighed. The increase of mass of the filter and the deposited mass upstream the filter are attributed to dust collected from the
44、sampled gas, which allows the dust concentration to be calculated. Two different configurations of the sampling equipment may be used depending on the characteristics of gases to be sampled (see 6.2.2). Valid measurements can be achieved only when: a) the gas stream in the duct at the sampling locat
45、ion has a sufficiently homogeneous and steady velocity profile (see 5.2); b) sampling is carried out without disturbance of the gas stream with a sharp edged nozzle facing into the stream under isokinetic conditions; c) samples are taken at a pre-selected number of stated positions in the sampling p
46、lane, to allow for a non uniform distribution of dust in the duct; d) the sampling train is designed and operated to avoid condensation, chemical reactions and to minimise dust deposits upstream of the filter and to be leak free; e) dust deposits upstream of the filter are taken into account; f) the
47、 overall blank value does not exceed 10 % of the daily limit value set for the process; 8 EN 13284-1:2001 (E) g) the sampling and weighing procedures are adapted to the expected dust quantities. 5 Sampling plane and sampling points 5.1 General Sampling is only possible when a suitable location is av
48、ailable, with sufficiently high and homogeneous gas velocity at the sampling plane. The sampling plane shall be easily reached from convenient access ports and a safe working platform (see annex A). Sampling shall be carried out at a sufficient number of sampling points located on the sampling plane
49、. 5.2 Sampling plane The sampling plane shall be situated in a length of straight duct, (preferably vertical) and with constant shape and cross-sectional area. Where possible, the sampling plane shall be as far downstream and upstream from any disturbance, which could produce a change in direction of flow (e.g. disturbances can be caused by bends, fans or partially closed dampers). Measurements at all the sampling points defined in 5.3 and annex C shall prove that the gas stream at the sampling plane meets the following requirements: a) angle of gas flow less than 15“ with
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