1、BS EN 1407:2008ICS 13.060.20; 71.100.80NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDChemicals used fortreatment of waterintended for humanconsumption Anionic and non-ionicpolyacrylamidesThis British Standardwas published under theauthority of the StandardsPol
2、icy and StrategyCommittee on 32008 BSI 2008ISBN 978 0 580 57151 0Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN 1407:2008National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 1407:2008. Itsupersedes BS EN 1407:1998 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its prep
3、aration was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee CII/59, Chemicals for drinking water treatment.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible fo
4、r its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.0 SeptemberBS EN 1407:2008EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 1407January 2008ICS 71.100.80 Supersedes EN 1407:1998 English VersionChemicals used for treatment of water intended fo
5、r humanconsumption - Anionic and non-ionic polyacrylamidesProduits chimiques utiliss pour le traitement de leaudestine la consommation humaine - Polyacrylamidesanioniques et non ioniquesProdukte zur Aufbereitung von Wasser fr denmenschlichen Gebrauch - Anionische und nicht-ionischePolyacrylamideThis
6、 European Standard was approved by CEN on 10 November 2007.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical referenc
7、es concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into i
8、ts own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lith
9、uania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN
10、 All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 1407:2008: EBS EN 1407:2008EN 1407:2008 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword4 Introduction .5 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references 6 3 Description .6 3.1 Identification.6 3.1.1 Chemical names.6 3.1.2
11、Synonyms or common names6 3.1.3 Relative molecular mass.6 3.1.4 Empirical formulae.6 3.1.5 Chemical formulae.7 3.1.6 CAS Registry Numbers 8 3.1.7 EINECS reference .8 3.2 Commercial form .8 3.3 Physical properties8 3.3.1 Appearance 8 3.3.2 Density 8 3.3.3 Solubility.8 3.3.4 Vapour pressure 8 3.3.5 Bo
12、iling point at 100 kPa 8 3.3.6 Melting point.8 3.3.7 Specific heat.9 3.3.8 Viscosity dynamic9 3.3.9 Critical temperature.9 3.3.10 Critical pressure.9 3.3.11 Physical hardness .9 3.4 Chemical properties 9 4 Purity criteria9 4.1 General9 4.2 Composition of commercial product.9 4.3 Impurities and main
13、by-products.10 4.4 Chemical parameters 10 5 Test methods10 5.1 Sampling.10 5.2 Analyses .10 5.2.1 General10 5.2.2 Main product 10 5.2.3 Impurity : Residual acrylamide monomer content.10 6 Labelling - transportation - storage .15 6.1 Means of delivery.15 6.2 Risk and safety labelling in accordance wi
14、th the EC Directives 15 6.3 Transportation regulations and labelling15 6.4 Marking .15 6.5 Storage15 6.5.1 Long term stability.15 6.5.2 Storage incompatibilities 15 Annex A (informative) General information on anionic and non-ionic polyacrylamides16 A.1 Origin 16 BS EN 1407:2008EN 1407:2008 (E) 3 A.
15、1.1 Raw materials 16 A.1.2 Manufacturing process.16 A.2 Use 16 A.2.1 Function16 A.2.2 Form in which it is used17 A.2.3 Treatment dose17 A.2.4 Means of application.17 A.2.5 Secondary effects17 A.2.6 Removal of excess product17 A.3 Rules for safe handling and use 18 A.4 Emergency procedures.18 A.4.1 F
16、irst aid.18 A.4.2 Spillage.18 A.4.3 Fire 18 Bibliography19 BS EN 1407:2008EN 1407:2008 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 1407:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 164 “Water supply”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a nati
17、onal standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by July 2008. This document supersedes EN 1407:1998. Significant technical differences between this edition and EN 1407:1998 ar
18、e as follows: (a) reduction in the limit value for acrylamide from 250 mg/kg to 200 mg/kg in 4.4; (b) updating of the reference to the drinking water directive from 80/778/EEC to 98/83/EC; (c) provision of more information on treatment dose in Annex A. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulatio
19、ns, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlan
20、ds, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. BS EN 1407:2008EN 1407:2008 (E) 5 Introduction In respect of potential adverse effects on the quality of water intended for human consumption, caused by the product covered by this European Stan
21、dard: 1) this European Standard provides no information as to whether the product may be used without restriction in any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA; 2) it should be noted that, while awaiting the adoption of verifiable European criteria, existing national regulations concerning the use a
22、nd/or the characteristics of this product remain in force. NOTE Conformity with this European Standard does not confer or imply acceptance or approval of the product in any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA. The use of the product covered by this European Standard is subject to regulation or co
23、ntrol by national authorities. BS EN 1407:2008EN 1407:2008 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard is applicable to anionic and non-ionic polyacrylamides used for treatment of water intended for human consumption. It describes the characteristics of anionic and non-ionic polyacrylamides and specifies t
24、he requirements and the corresponding test methods for anionic and non-ionic polyacrylamides. It gives information on their use in water treatment. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition
25、 cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use Specification and test methods (ISO 3696:1987) ISO 3165, Sampling of chemical products for industrial use Safety in sampling ISO
26、6206, Chemical products for industrial use Sampling Vocabulary ISO 8213, Chemical products for industrial use Sampling techniques Solid chemical products in the form of particles varying from powders to coarse lumps 3 Description 3.1 Identification 3.1.1 Chemical names Copolymer of acrylamide and ac
27、rylic acid salt, or homopolymer of acrylamide. 3.1.2 Synonyms or common names Anionic polyacrylamide or non-ionic polyacrylamide. NOTE The more general terms: “anionic (or non-ionic) polymer“, “anionic polyelectrolyte“ and “anionic (or non-ionic) flocculant“ are used but can also cover other chemica
28、ls referred to in other European Standards. 3.1.3 Relative molecular mass Typically in the range of 1 million to 20 million. 3.1.4 Empirical formulae Non-ionic polyacrylamide: (C3H5NO)x- Anionic polyacrylamide: (C3H5NO)x- (C3H3O2A)y- BS EN 1407:2008EN 1407:2008 (E) 7 where A is a positive ion; x and
29、 y are variable depending on the product. 3.1.5 Chemical formulae Anionic polyacrylamide: Non-ionic polyacrylamide: where m and n are variable depending on the product. BS EN 1407:2008EN 1407:2008 (E) 8 3.1.6 CAS Registry Numbers 1)The following is an exemplary list of CAS Registry Numbers for typic
30、al anionic or non-ionic polyacrylamides: 25085-02-3 9003-05-8 9003-04-7 3.1.7 EINECS reference 2)The conformity of polymers to EINECS is assessed on the basis of the monomers of which they are composed. Thus, EINECS reference numbers do not exist for polymers. 3.2 Commercial form Anionic or non-ioni
31、c polyacrylamides as specified in this standard are available as solids containing a small amount of residual moisture. 3.3 Physical properties 3.3.1 Appearance The product is a white or off-white solid in the form of granule, flake or powder. 3.3.2 Density The bulk density of the product is typical
32、ly in the range 0,6 g/cm3 to 0,9 g/cm3. 3.3.3 Solubility The product is soluble in cold water. Its solubility is limited only by viscosity, with a gel being formed at concentrations of approximately 20 g/l and above. 3.3.4 Vapour pressure Not applicable. 3.3.5 Boiling point at 100 kPa Not applicable
33、. 3.3.6 Melting point The product decomposes at approximately 200 C. 1)Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number. 2)European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances. BS EN 1407:2008EN 1407:2008 (E) 9 3.3.7 Specific heat Not applicable. 3.3.8 Viscosity dynamic Not applicable. 3.3.9 Crit
34、ical temperature Not applicable. 3.3.10 Critical pressure Not applicable. 3.3.11 Physical hardness Not applicable. 3.4 Chemical properties Anionic and non-ionic polyacrylamides are non-hazardous materials and not intrinsically reactive. However, in common with many other organic compounds, a strong
35、exothermic reaction will occur if they are brought into contact in the dry state with a strong acid or strong oxidizing agent. NOTE In dilute solution there can be a reaction with, or destruction by, some of the disinfection and oxidizing agents used in water treatment. 4 Purity criteria 4.1 General
36、 This European Standard specifies the minimum purity requirements for anionic and non-ionic polyacrylamides used for the treatment of water intended for human consumption. Limits are given for impurities commonly present in the product. Depending on the raw material and the manufacturing process oth
37、er impurities may be present and, if so, this shall be notified to the user and when necessary to relevant authorities. NOTE Users of this product should check the national regulations in order to clarify whether it is of appropriate purity for treatment of water intended for human consumption, taki
38、ng into account raw water quality, required dosage and contents of other impurities and additives used in the product not stated in the product standard. Limits have been given for impurities and chemical parameters where these are likely to be present in significant quantities from the current prod
39、uction process and raw materials. If the production process or raw materials lead to significant quantities of impurities, by-products or additives being present, this shall be notified to the user. 4.2 Composition of commercial product The anionic or non-ionic polyacrylamide shall be free of any vi
40、sible extraneous matter. NOTE Various parameters can be checked as part of assessment of product quality (see 5.2.2). BS EN 1407:2008EN 1407:2008 (E) 10 4.3 Impurities and main by-products Based on the raw materials and manufacturing process (see A.1), there are no significant concentrations of addi
41、tional reactants or by-products which are relevant to the application of these products in drinking water treatment. 4.4 Chemical parameters The products shall contain no more than 200 mg of acrylamide monomer per kilogram of product. NOTE Other chemical parameters and indicator parameters as listed
42、 in EU Directive 98/83/EC (see 1) are not relevant to polyacrylamides because the raw materials used in the manufacturing process are free of them and they are not by-products of the manufacturing process. 5 Test methods 5.1 Sampling Sampling shall be in accordance with ISO 8213 and the recommendati
43、ons given in ISO 3165 and ISO 6206 shall be followed. A representative sample of the solid product, of sufficient mass, shall be obtained immediately after manufacture or from a newly opened package(s). The sample shall be clearly labelled with product name/code, batch number, type of container(s) s
44、ampled and date sampled. Reference samples shall be retained for the storage life of the product as claimed by the manufacturer/supplier. 5.2 Analyses 5.2.1 General Unless otherwise specified, all reagents shall be of recognized analytical grade. The water used shall conform to grade 2 specified in
45、EN ISO 3696. 5.2.2 Main product If additional requirements are agreed between the customer and the manufacturer/supplier, the latter shall provide the necessary test methods, if requested, so that the customer can carry out his own quality checks. A certificate of analysis shall be provided by the m
46、anufacturer/supplier if requested. NOTE A number of physical/chemical measurements can be used by manufacturers to ensure the consistent quality of products delivered to customers. For example, solution viscosity is commonly measured, this being done under strictly controlled conditions. The viscosi
47、ty value obtained provides a reliable indication of relative molecular mass when comparing batches of a particular product, but has no significance in absolute terms, since it is highly dependent on the composition of the product, the solution preparation procedure, the measuring device and test con
48、ditions used. Other tests which can be carried out include determination of ionic charge, solubility, particle size and infrared spectroscopic analysis, depending on the product and manufacturer/supplier. 5.2.3 Impurity : Residual acrylamide monomer content 5.2.3.1 Principle Acrylamide monomer is ex
49、tracted from the anionic or non-ionic polyacrylamide sample into a mixture of water and methanol which softens the polymer but does not dissolve it. The extract is analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using ultraviolet detection. Identification is made by comparison with an external standard and concentration determined by peak area measurements and ratio. BS EN 1407:2008EN 1407:2008 (E) 11 5.2.3.2 Apparatus Ordinary laboratory apparatus and glassware together with the following: 5.2.3.2.1 For extraction 5.2.3.2.1.1 Glass bottles (approxi
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