1、BRITISH STANDARD Textiles Burning behaviour of materials for marquees, large tents and related products Ease of ignition The European Standard EN 141 15:2001 has the status of a British Standard ICs 59.080; 13.220.40 BS EN 141 15:2002 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGH
2、T LAW BS EN 14115:2002 Amd. No. National foreword Date Comments This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Materials and Chemicals Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 24 January 2002 Thi
3、s British Standard is the official English language version of EN 14115:2001. The UKparticipation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee TCV63, Burning behaviow of textiles, which has the responsibility to: - - aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible Europea
4、n committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. - A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cr
5、 oss-r e fer enc e s The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards E
6、lectronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages Thi
7、s document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 14, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. O BSI 24 January 2002 ISBN O 580 38934 O EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENN
8、E EUROPISCHE NORM EN 14115 November 2001 ICs 13.220.40; 59.080.30 English version Textiles - Burning behaviour of materials for marquees, large tents and related products - Ease of ignition Textiles - Comportement au feu des marquises, tentes de grandes dimensions et produits apparents - Allumabilit
9、 Textilien - Brennverhalten von Markisen, grossen Zelten und hnlichen Erzeugnissen - Zndfhigkeit This European Standard was approved by CEN on 30 September 2001 CEN members are bound to comply with the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard t
10、he status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German)
11、. A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland
12、, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FUR NORMUNG COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels O
13、 2001 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 14115:2001 E EN 14115:2001 (E) Contents page Foreword 3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative reference(s) . 4 3 Terms and definitions . 4 4 Principle . 4 5 Apparatus . 5 6 Test specimen . 6 7
14、Conditioning 6 8 Test procedure 7 9 Test report 8 Annex A (informative) Calibration of electric burner 9 2 EN 14115:2001 (E) Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 248 “Textiles and textile products“, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Sta
15、ndard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2002, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2002. Annex A is informative. According to the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations,
16、the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Ki
17、ngdom. 3 EN 14115:2001 (E) 1 Scope This standard specifies a test method for the burning behaviour of industrial and technical textiles used for tarpaulins, large tents, marquees, related structures, airducts, etc. It is not intended to apply to materials used for small camping tents, lining materia
18、ls nor any other internal features, nor to awnings. This standard is not suitable for the linings used inside large tents and marquees. NOTE Information on the reproducibility and repeatability of the method will be introduced later. 2 Normative reference(s) This European Standard incorporates by da
19、ted or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard
20、 only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). IS0 4880, Burning behaviour of textiles and textile products - Vocabulary 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standar
21、d the terms and definitions in IS0 4880 and the following term and definition apply. 3.1 industrial and technical textiles any textile which can be used for industrial or technical purposes. The definition does not include textiles for general purposes such as curtains, drapes, protective clothing,
22、upholstery or bedding 4 Principle Test specimens are subjected under specified conditions, to the dual effect of: a) heat radiation; b) hot gases flowing over the surface of the test specimens in order to encourage any spread or propagation of the flame. A flame is used to ignite any gases emitted.
23、The effects of ignition are noted and the extent of damage is measured. 4 EN 14115:2001 (E) 5 Apparatus NOTE Unless otherwise specified, all dimensions quoted are to a tolerance off 1 mm. 5.1 comprising: Test apparatus for example as shown in Figures 1 to 5 with additional data given in subsequent d
24、etails 5.1.1 A metal structure, consisting basically of a solid baseplate and two uprights acting as slides for the arrangement supporting the test specimen. The vertical rectangular face of this support, which is positioned opposite the heater, measures nominally 130 mm wide and 100 mm high. The te
25、st specimen support arms form an angle of 30“ with the horizontal. 5.1.2 A 500 W electric heater, comprising: 5.1.2.1 A ceramic body with the following dimensions: - height 130 mm - inside diameter at the top 31 mm - outside diameter close to the top 59 mm - outside diameter at mid-height 62 mm - ou
26、tside diameter 30 mm from base 65 mm - outside diameter of enlarged base 933 mm 5.1.2.2 A ceramic removable sleeve. This sleeve is 130 mm high and approximately 3 mm thick and is located within the ceramic body described in 5.1.2.1. It is provided with a 500 W heating element. On the outside surface
27、 it has eight vertical projections approximately 3 mm thick. Inside, a metal strip component is used to stabilize the air temperature. 5.1.2.3 A metal base, approximately 160 mm in diameter and 30 mm high, provides a three point fixing for the ceramic body (see 5.1.2.1) and the sleeve (5.1.2.2), the
28、 latter entering 5 mm into the metal base. This fixing is designed so that the assembly is eccentric and the minimum horizontal distance from its base to the edge of the metal base is 5 mm. Eight holes 10 mm diameter are provided in the vertical cylindrical part of the metal base to serve as an inle
29、t for the air which, after having circulated within the heater, issues from its upper part. 5.1.3 8 mm thick, with insulating values of: Fresh air flow adjuster plate, comprising a plate of non-combustible material, 310 mm long, 210 mm wide, - thermal conductivity - volumic mass h (0,20 k 0,051) W/(
30、m OK) p = (850 k 80) kg/m3 - calorific capacity c = (900 k 30) J/(kg OK) Details of sources of supply may be obtained from National Standards Institutions. 5 EN 14115:2001 (E) This plate has a hole suitable for the heater to pass through and, in the centre of its small side, a rectangular slot 125 m
31、m long and 10 mm wide. The adjuster plate is positioned horizontally 90 mm below the upper edge of the heater so that it is in contact with the side of the metal frame (5.1.1) to leave an opening area of 1250 mm2 for the fresh air to pass through. In addition, the plate protects the base of the heat
32、er from any contamination due to combustion of the materials. 5.1.4 Test specimen support grid, comprising a frame 600 mm long and 160 mm wide, made from steel rod 4 mm in diameter (see Figure 4). Spikes, 10 mm long, are welded onto this grid and used for holding the test specimen. 5.1.5 A plate of
33、non-metallic non-combustible material, insulating values as (5.1.3), 300 mm long, 180 mm wide, 8 mm thick placed over the test specimen and contacting the spikes on the grid-type support. This directs the flow of hot gases when parts of the test specimen are destroyed. 5.1.6 A burner arrangement, co
34、mprising a burner nozzle pilot flame supplied with (95 k 7) ml/min of propane gas welded onto a metal tube which pivots about a fixed point on one of the frame uprights. The end of the burner nozzle is shaped to provide a flat flame (fish-tail type) 20 mm wide and (30 k 5) mm high. In the operating
35、position, the flame shall contact the surface of the test specimen at a distance of 15 mm from the vertical axis of the heater (see Figure 2), the burner nozzle being perpendicular to the plane of the test specimen. 5.1.7 Hood - The test apparatus is placed below a hood which is provided with a forc
36、ed ventilation system. This hood has a suitable opening in its upper part for evacuating to the outside any gases, fumes and smoke produced by combustion. 5.2 for measuring air speed. Ancillary test equipment : A wattmeter, variable transformer, voltage regulator, chronometer, and a method 6 Test sp
37、ecimen 6.1 Shape and dimensions Each test specimen shall be a rectangle 600 mm x 180 mm. 6.2 Number of test specimens At least four test specimens per sample are required (see 8.9). 7 Conditioning Before testing, place the specimens inside a chamber maintained at a temperature of (20 k 5) “C and a r
38、elative humidity (50 k 15) % for at least 24 h. If testing is not carried out immediately after conditioning, place the conditioned test specimens in a sealed container. Each specimen shall be tested within 3 min after removing it from the conditioning atmosphere or sealed container. 6 EN 14115:2001
39、 (E) 8 Test procedure WARNING NOTE: When test specimens burn, they may release toxic and noxious gases likely to endanger the health of operatives. It is therefore necessary to take all appropriate precautions. 8.1 Verifiy the apparatus is ready for use and correctly calibrated (see annex A) and car
40、ry out the test in still air inside the hood. The air speed, measured at the centre of the upper edge of the grid when installed with a sample, shall not exceed 0,2 m/s. 8.2 Arrange the heater and its base on the baseplate of the metal frame (5.1.1) so that the distance, measured in accordance with
41、the vertical axis of the heater, between its upper edge and the surface of the test specimen, is (30 k 1) mm. The horizontal distance between the axis of the heater and the lower edge of the test specimen shall be 75 mm (see Figure 1). 8.3 of the test specimen is in contact with the grid. Fix the te
42、st specimen onto the support grid, using the spikes provided for the purpose, so that the surface 8.4 When the electric heater is providing a stable output, at least 60 min after having been switched on, quickly position the support grid and the test specimen on its support and simultaneously start
43、the chronometer (zero time for the test). 8.5 Immediately lower the plate of non-combustible material (5.1.5) onto the top of the test specimen. 8.6 20 s after commencing the test, bring the flame of the burner arrangement into the operating position under the test specimen and hold it in that posit
44、ion for 5 s before removing it. Repeat this operation once after 45 s, and then every 30 s until 5 min have elapsed. Consequently the application times of the pilot flame are: 20 s -45 s - 1 min 15 s - 1 min 45 s -2 min 15 s -2 min 45 s - 3 min 15 s -3 min 45 s - 4 min 15 s -4 min 45 s. Under no cir
45、cumstances should the pilot flame be applied while the material is burning. 8.7 During the test, note the following: The test shall run for at least 5 min but shall be prolonged until the test specimen is fully extinguished. a) if the material ignites, the time at which ignition first occured, eg. 4
46、5 s, 1 min 15 s, etc, the duration of flaming from ignition time till the end after having removed the pilot flame; b) if there is any fall of droplets or particles, whether or not they are burning; c) the description of the parts of the specimen destroyed or damaged; d) the type of flame propagatio
47、n, eg. total or partial, and the persistence and propagation of glowing areas; e) the issue of smoke or fumes and their characteristics (amount, appearance). 8.8 After testing, leave the test specimen on the grid and measure the following: a) the maximum length of the destroyed area, from the lower
48、edge of the test specimen; b) the maximum width of the destroyed area covering that part of the test specimen between 450 mm and 600 mm from its lower edge. The destroyed area is assumed to be every part of the material which is missing, totally charred, showing an important loss of resistance, or a
49、 deeply damaged aspect. The areas only blackened or superficially damaged due to the heat action shall not be taken into account. 7 EN 14115:2001 (E) Repeat the above operations on the other three test specimens and calculate the arithmetic means of these two values for the four test specimens. 8.9 fol lows: In the case of anisotropic materials and/or for those the two faces of which are not similar, operate as a) carry out one test per position (.e. face and/or orientation), for example: front and back, in both machine and cross directions; b) calculate the most unfavourale re
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