EN 14276-1-2006 en Pressure equipment for refrigerating systems and heat pumps - Part 1 Vessels - General requirements (Incorporates Amendment A1 2011)《制冷系统和热泵用压力设备 第1部分 压力容器 一般要求》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN14276-1:2006Pressure equipment for refrigerating systems and heat pumps Part 1: Vessels General requirementsICS 23.020.30; 27.080; 27.200g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g5

2、5g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58+A1:2011 National forewordThis British Standard is the official English language version of EN 14276-1:2006+A1:2011. It supersedes BS EN 14276-1:2006, which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Commi

3、ttee RHE/18, Refrigeration safety.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Sta

4、ndard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.BS EN 14276-1:2006+A1:2011Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Comments 30 June 2011 Implementation of CEN amendment A1:2011This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 J

5、uly 2006 BSI 2011ISBN 978 0 580 71100 8EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 14276-1:2006+A1 February 2011 ICS 23.020.30; 27.080; 27.200 Supersedes EN 14276-1:2006English Version Pressure equipment for refrigerating systems and heat pumps - Part 1: Vessels - General requirements Equip

6、ements sous pression pour systmes de rfrigration et pompes chaleur - Partie 1: Rcipients - Exigences gnrales Druckgerte fr Klteanlagen und Wrmepumpen - Teil 1: Behlter - Allgemeine Anforderungen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 May 2006 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 13

7、December 2010. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may b

8、e obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to

9、the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxem

10、bourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All righ

11、ts of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 14276-1:2006+A1:2011: EEN 14276-1:2006+A1:2011 (E) 2 Contents Foreword 4Introduction . 51 Scope 62 Normative references 63 Terms and definitions . 83.1 Definitions 83.2 Symbols, quantities and un

12、its 114 Materials . 134.1 General 134.2 Requirements for materials to be used for pressurised parts 144.3 Requirements for materials 144.4 Requirements for prevention of brittle fracture 154.5 Material documentation 164.6 Materials for non-pressure retaining parts . 165 Pressure Vessel classificatio

13、n . 165.1 Category of vessel . 165.2 Fluid classification. 176 Design . 176.1 General 176.2 Corrosion and corrosion protection 176.3 Stress corrosion cracking 186.4 Loading . 186.5 Maximum allowable pressure PS 186.6 Design pressure Pd186.7 Calculation pressure P or Pc. 196.8 Design temperature td19

14、6.9 Minimum material temperature 196.10 Calculation temperature tc. 196.11 Joint coefficient . 206.12 Design stress . 216.13 Access and inspection openings, venting and draining provisions, filling and discharge provisions and handling devices . 226.14 Methods for design 237 Manufacturing 287.1 Gene

15、ral 287.2 Material traceability . 287.3 Manufacturing tolerances . 287.4 Permanent joints 287.5 Forming of pressure parts 33BS EN 14276-1:2006+A1:2011EN 14276-1:2006+A1:2011 (E) 3 7.6 Post weld heat treatment 347.7 Internal cleanness . 347.8 Repairs/Reworks 347.9 Finishing operations . 348 Testing a

16、nd inspection 358.1 Performance of inspection and testing . 358.2 Design documentation, review and approval . 358.3 Type approval 378.4 Calibration 378.5 Material . 378.6 Manufacturing 388.7 Non destructive testing . 388.8 Subcontracted elements . 388.9 Final inspection . 388.10 Marking . 398.11 Doc

17、umentation . 40Annex A (normative) Alternative requirements for prevention of brittle fracture: Method according to temperature stress cases . 42Annex B (normative) Specification and approval of brazing procedures, brazers and brazing operators 46Annex C (normative) Pressure testing 60Annex D (infor

18、mative) Relations between the different pressures 64Annex E (normative) Experimental methods . 65Annex F (normative) Material characteristics for design 70Annex G (informative) Component classification in the sense of the Pressure Equipment Directive (PED) . 72Annex H (informative) Selection of modu

19、le of conformity 73Annex I (normative) Grouping system for materials . 75Annex J (informative) DN System 77Annex K (normative) Specification and approval of expansion procedures and operators . 78Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU

20、Directive 97/23/EC . 84Bibliography 86BS EN 14276-1:2006+A1:2011EN 14276-1:2006+A1:2011 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 14276-1:2006+A1:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 182 “Refrigerat-ing systems, safety and environmental requirements”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.

21、 This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2011. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CE

22、N on 2010-12-13. This document supersedes EN 14276-1:2006. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags ! “. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC sh

23、all not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to support Essential Requirements of EU Directive 97/23/EC concerning Pressure Equip-ment. For re

24、lationship with EU Directive 97/23/EC see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. This document consists of the following parts under the general title “Pressure equipment for refrigerating systems and heat pumps“: Part 1: Vessels General requirements Part 2: Piping General

25、 requirements According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following coun-tries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, I

26、celand, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxem-bourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. BS EN 14276-1:2006+A1:2011EN 14276-1:2006+A1:2011 (E) 5 Introduction This standard recognises the unique nature of vessels

27、 for refrigerating systems or heat pumps and is intended to address the specific needs of the refrigeration and heat pump industry. This standard should be read in conjunction with the various parts of EN 13445. When the text of this standard modifies or supplements a clause within EN 13445, then th

28、is standard should pre-vail. Where this standard does not modify or supplement the requirements of a clause, the requirements of EN 13445 should prevail. The unique nature of a refrigerating system is defined as follows: a) the purpose of the refrigerating system is to extract and reject heat (this

29、involves both cooling and heating); b) to operate the refrigerating system a pressure-imposing element (e.g. a compressor or an energy source) is necessary; c) the refrigerating system has a defined refrigerant charge in a closed circuit; d) the refrigerant has a chemical composition and purity defi

30、ned in the relevant standards; e) the pressure of the refrigerant decreases when the temperature decreases (see typical curve in Annex A of this standard); f) due to the maximum temperature limit of 200 C and the maximum pressure limit of 64 bar, the time depend-ant creep and fatigue due to pressure

31、 variation or vibrations are not significant design factors except for some materials such as aluminium, copper and titanium where the fatigue shall be taken into account; g) the risk of overpressure is due to: the pressure imposing element; an external heat source (e.g. fire or hot water); improper

32、 operation. h) the refrigerating system is designed to minimise refrigerant emissions and the ingress of contaminants. Only hermetic compressors are covered by this standard. BS EN 14276-1:2006+A1:2011EN 14276-1:2006+A1:2011 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the requirements for materia

33、l, design, manufacturing, testing and documentation for stationary pressure vessels intended for use in refrigerating systems and heat pumps. These systems are refer-enced in this standard as refrigerating systems as defined in EN 378-1. This European Standard applies to vessels including welded or

34、brazed attachments up to and including the nozzle flanges, screwed, welded or brazed connectors or to the edge to be welded or brazed at the first circumferential joint connecting piping or other elements. This European Standard applies to pressure vessels with an internal pressure down to 1 bar, to

35、 account for the evacuation of the vessel prior to charging with refrigerant. This European Standard applies to both the mechanical loading conditions and thermal conditions as defined in EN 13445-3 associated with refrigerating systems. It applies to pressure vessels subject to the maximum allowabl

36、e temperatures for which nominal design stresses for materials are derived using EN 13445-2 and EN 13445-3 or as specified in this standard. In addition vessels designed to this standard should have a maximum design tempera-ture not exceeding 200 C and a maximum design pressure not exceeding 64 bars

37、. Outside of these limits, it is im-portant that EN 13445 be used for the design, construction and inspection of the vessel. Under these circum-stances it is important that the unique nature of refrigerating plant, as indicated in the introduction to this standard, also be taken into account. It is

38、important that pressure vessels used in refrigerating systems and heat pumps of category less than II as de-fined in Annex H comply with other relevant clauses of EN 378-2 for vessels. This European Standard applies to pressure vessels where the main pressure bearing parts are manufactured from meta

39、llic ductile materials as defined in Clause 4 and Annex I of this standard. This European Standard does not apply to vessels of the following types: vessels of riveted construction; multilayered, autofrettaged or prestressed vessels; vessels directly heated by a flame; roll bond heat exchangers. 2 N

40、ormative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 287-1:2004, Qualification

41、test of welders Fusion welding Part 1: Steels !EN 378-1:2008+A1:2010, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps Safety and environmental requirements Part 1: Basic requirements, definitions, classification and selection criteria EN 378-2:2008+A1:2009, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps Safety and envir

42、onmental requirements Part 2: Design, construction, testing, marking and documentation EN 378-4:2008, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps Safety and environmental requirements Part 4: Op-eration, maintenance, repair and recovery“ EN 764-1:2004, Pressure equipment Part 1: Terminology Pressure, tempe

43、rature, volume, nominal size EN 764-2:2002, Pressure equipment Part 2: Quantities, symbols and units BS EN 14276-1:2006+A1:2011EN 14276-1:2006+A1:2011 (E) 7 EN 764-3:2002, Pressure equipment Part 3: Definition of parties involved EN 764-4:2002, Pressure equipment Part 4: Establishment of technical d

44、elivery conditions for metallic materials EN 764-5:2002, Pressure equipment Part 5: Compliance and inspection documentation of materials EN 837-1:1996, Pressure gauges Part 1: Bourdon tube pressure gauges Dimensions, metrology, require-ments and testing EN 910:1996, Destructive tests on welds in met

45、allic materials Bend tests !EN 1005-2:2003+A1:2008, Safety of machinery Human physical performance Part 2: Manual handling of machinery and component parts of machinery“ !deleted text“ EN 1045:1997, Brazing Fluxes for brazing Classification and technical delivery conditions !EN 1173:2008, Copper and

46、 copper alloys Material condition designation“ EN 1418:1997, Welding personnel Approval testing of welding operators for fusion welding and resistance weld setters for fully mechanized and automatic welding of metallic materials !deleted text“ !EN 10111:2008, Continuously hot-rolled low carbon steel

47、 sheet and strip for cold forming Technical delivery conditions EN 10130:2006, Cold-rolled low carbon steel flat products for cold forming Technical delivery conditions“ EN 10160:1999, Ultrasonic testing of steel flat product of thickness equal or greater than 6 mm (reflection method) EN 10164:2004,

48、 Steel products with improved deformation properties perpendicular to the surface of the product Technical delivery conditions EN 10204:2004, Metallic products Types of inspection documents !EN 12517-1:2006, Non-destructive testing of welds Part 1: Evaluation of welded joints in steel, nickel, titanium and their alloys by radiography Acceptance levels“ EN 12797:2000 + A1:2003, Brazing Destructive tests of brazed joints EN 12799:2000 + A1:2003, Brazing Non-destructive examination of brazed joints !EN 13445-2:2009, Unfired pressure vessels