EN 1978-1998 en Copper and Copper Alloys - Copper Cathodes《铜及铜合金 铜阴极》.pdf

1、STD*BSI BS EN 3978-ENGL 3998 = 1624669 0736932 464 = BRITISH STANDARD Copper and copper alloys - Copper cathodes BS EN 1978:1998 The European Standard EN 1978:1998 has the status of a British Standard ICs 77.150.30 - STDmBSI BS EN L778-ENGL 1978 = Lb24bb7 0736733 3TO = BS EN 19781998 This British St

2、andard, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Board, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 August 1998 O BSI 1998 National foreword This British Standard is the English language version of EN 19781998. Together with BS EN 19

3、76 1998 it supersedes BS 6017 1981 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee NFE/34, Copper and copper alloys, to Subcommittee NW1, Wrought and unwrought copper and copper alloys, which has the responsibility to: - aid enquirers to understand th

4、e tee - present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the - monitor related intemational and European developments and promulgate intepretation, or proposais for change, and keep the UK interests informed; them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can

5、be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “

6、Find” facility of the BSI Standards Elecb-onic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from le

7、gal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 9 and a back cover. Amendments issued since publication I Text Amd.No. Date ISBN O 580 29726 8 * M * EUROPEAN nmm NORME EUROPENNE EuROPAScHE NORM EN 1978 March 1998 ICs Descr

8、iptors: Copper, copper aiioys, cathodes, designation, chemical composition, dimensions, electrical properties, sampling, tests, marking Engbsh version Copper and copper alloys - Copper cathodes Cuivre et alliages de cuivre - Cathodes en cuivre Kupfer und Kupferlegierungen - Kupfer-Kathoden This Euro

9、pean Standard was approved by CEN on 28 February 1998. CEN members are bound to comply with the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Uptodate lists and bibliographical references con

10、cerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its ow

11、n language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Aus- Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Fnhd, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norwax Portugai, Spain, Sweden, Sw

12、itzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normahation Europisches Komitee fin Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1060 Brussels O 1998 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Member

13、s. Ref. No. EN 19781998 E Page 2 EN 19781998 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by lchnical Committee CENK 133, Copper and copper alloys, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. Within its programme of work, Technical Committee CENiM: 133 requested CENiM: 133/WG 1, Unwrought copper p

14、roducts to prepare the following standard: This is one of a series of European Standards for products manufactured from refined copper es. Other products are specified as follows: EN 1976, Copper and copper alloys - Cast unwrought copper pmducts. stock ( f) whether a declaration of conformity is req

15、uired - denomination (Cathode); - number of this European Standard (EN 1978); - material designation, either symbol or number (see Table 1). The derivation of a product designation is shown in the foilowing example. EXAMPLE Cathode conforming to this standard, in material designated either CUCATE-1

16、or CROOlA, shall be designated as follows: Cathode or EN 1978 - CUCATKl (see 9.1); g) whether an inspection document is required, and if so, which type (see 9.2). EXAMPLE Ordering details for 100 t of cathode conforming to EN 1978, in material designated either Cu-CATH-1 or CROO1A: 100 t Cathode EN

17、1978 - Cu-CATH-1 or 100 t Cathode EN 1978 - CR001A 6 Requirements EN 1978 - CR0OI.A 6.1 Composition The composition shall conform to the requjrements for the appropriate grade given in Wle 1. 6.2 Electrical properties The electrical properties shall conform to the requirements for the appropriate gr

18、ade given in Wle 2. The tests shall be carried out in accordance with 8.2. NOTE Mass resistivity is the mandatory electrical property requirement in this standard. The relationship between mass resistivity and the corresponding volume resistivity and conductivity is given in annex B. Denomination Nu

19、mber of this European Material designation 5 Ordering information In order to facilitate the enq*, order and confirmation of order procedures between the his enquiry and order the following information: Standard %I purchaser and the supplier, the purchaser shall state on a) quantity of product requi

20、red (mass); b) denomination (Cathode); c) number of this European Standard (EN 1978); d) materiai designation (see Table 1). NOTE It is recommended that the product designation, as 6.3 Dimensions and tolerances The cathodes shall be either whole, or cut to sizes as agreed between the purchaser and t

21、he supplier and stated in the purchasers order see Se). 6.4 Surface condition described in 4.2, is used for items b) to d). Cathodes shall withstand ordinary handling without breakage. They shall be reasonably free hm nodules, outgrowth edges and from all exh-aneous materiah such as electrolyte resi

22、dues, dirt, grease and oil. O BSI 1998 * * CI) _ STDmBSI BS EN 1978-ENGL 3998 Lb24669 0736738 982 $ 2 O I8 LO O I8 63 2 O I8 w E Il II II II II II II u3 O I8 II II II II II II II u3 8 I8 II II Page 5 EN 19781998 g O m O BSI 1998 STD-BSI BS EN 1978-ENGL 1998 1b24bb9 071b39 819 m Materir designation S

23、ymbol Number CU-CATH-1 CROOIA Page 6 EN 19781998 Electrical properties (see NOTE 1) Mass resistivity Nominal volume Nominal conductivity resistivity *n.g/m2 F*n.rn MS/m % IACS max. ma. mui. min. 0,151 76 (0,017 07) (5,W (WO) CU-CATH-2 I CR002A I 0,153 28 I (0,017 24) I (58,001 I (1ow) NOTE 1 Nominal

24、 values for volume resistivity and conductivity have been calculated from mass resistivity by methods described in annex B. NOTE 2 Because of the inaccmies involved in the calculations, these nominal values, which are given for guidance purposes, are enclosed in parentheses. NOTE 3 For explanation o

25、f “36 IACS, see B.2. 7 sampling For the routine sampling of cathodes for analysis, or for the routine determination of electrical properties, the method of sampling SM be at the discretion of the sampler. In cases of dispute concerning the composition, the cathodes shall be sampled and the analysis

26、samples prepared in accordance with the procedure described in annexk In cases of dispute concerning the electrical properl3es, unless otherwise agreed between the disputing parties (see NOTE), the cathodes shall be sampled in accordance with the procedure described in annex k The electrical resisti

27、vity of each lot in dispute slw be determined on one of the three test ingots cast from the bulk sample(s) (see A.6). NOTE Other sampling methods may be used for obtajning the representative sampie(s) for the determination of the electrical resistivity in cases of dispute, subject to agreement betwe

28、en the disputing parties. 8 Test methods 8.1 Analysis 8.1.1 Routine analgsis For the routine analysis of cathodes, the methods of analysis used shal be at the discretion of the analyst. 8.1.2 Analysis in cases of dispute In cases of dispute concerning the composition, the analysis shall be determine

29、d on the samples selected in accordance with clause 7, as follows: for copper grade Cu-CATH-1 (CROOIA), the methods of analysis used for the elements listed in Wle 1 shail be agreed between the disputing parties; for copper grade Cu-CATH-2 (CROOa), the copper shall be determined in accordance with t

30、he method in IS0 1663. 8.2 Electrical resistivity 8.2.1 Routine determination of electrical resistivity For the routine determination of electrical resistivity, the methods used shall be at the discretion of the tt?steK 8.2.2 Determination of electrical resistivitg in cases of dispute In cases of di

31、spute the electrical resistivity shall be determined on a representative sample from each lot, selected in accordance with clause 7. External oxide shall be removed from the test ingot (see clause 7), which shall then be rolled and/or drawn to 2 mm diameter wire. NOTE The sample may be hot worked in

32、itiaiiy provided care is taken to avoid contamination or excessive oxidation. The 2 mm diameter wire shall be degreased and annealed at (500 f 10) “C for 30 min in an inert atmosphere, and the resistivity test carried out in accordance with IEC 468. 8.3 Retests If there is a faiiure of one, or more

33、than one, of the tests in 8.1 or 8.2, two test samples from the same inspection lot shall be permitted to be selected for retesting the failed property (properties). One of these test samples shall be taken from the same sampling unit as that from which the onginal failed test piece was taken, unles

34、s that sampling unit is no longer available, or has been withdrawn by the supplier. If the test pieces from both test samples pass the appropriate test(s), then the inspection lot represented shall be deemed to conform to the particular requirement(s) of this standard. If a test piece fails a test,

35、the inspection lot represented shall be deemed not to conform to this standard. 8.4 Rounding of results For the purpose of determining conformity to the limits specified in this standard for composition or for electrical resistivity, an observed or a calculated value obtained from a test shall be ro

36、unded in accordance with the following procedure which is based upon the guidance given in IS0 31-0:1992, annex B. It shall be rounded in one step to the same number of figures used to express the specified limit in this standard. The following rules shall be used for rounding: a) if the figure imme

37、diately after the last figure to be retained is less than 5, the last figure to be retained shall be kept unchanged, b) if the figure immediately after the last figure to be retained is equal to or greater than 5, the last figure to be retained shall be increased by one. O ES1 1998 STD-BSI BS EN 197

38、4-ENGL L998 - 1624669 0716940 530 Page 7 EN 19781998 9 Dechation of conformity and inspection documentation 9.1 Declaration of conformity men requested bY the Purchaser Se 501 and Weed with the supplier, the supplier shall issue for the product the appropriate declaration of conformity in accordance

39、 with EN 1655. 9.2 Inspection documentation When requested by the purchaser see Sg) and agreed with the supplier, the supplier shall issue for the product the appropriate inspection document in accordmce with EN 10204. 10 Marking Cathodes, whether fuii-size or cut, shall be assembled into bundles of

40、 suitable weight for handling. Each bundle shall be marked to idenhfy it with its refinery source and grade (i.e. the brand). No metallic identisring markers shM be directly fixed to the c b) number consecutively every bundle in the lot. Randomly select 24 individual bundles by the use of random num

41、ber tables (see NOTE). Number sequentially each cathode position within a typical bundle. By the use of the random number tables, randomly select one for instance in IS0 2859-0. There is aiso a variety of computer programs capable of generating random numbers. If the lot consists of less than 24 bun

42、dles, use method a). If the lot consists of 24 bundes or more, the choice of method is a matter for agreement between the purchaser and the supplier. If no specific choice is made, use methoda). A.6 Preparation of cathode samples Individually sample each of the 24 sample cathodes, selected in accord

43、ance with A.4, by cutting a vertical strip from each cathode. The stip shall be from such a position that the collection of the 24 strips so cut represents all points of one, two or three full cathodes, including the cathode edges and the hangers. Ensure that all the vertical strips are of the same

44、width and are cut sequentially from left to right in the same order as the sample cathodes were selected. A.6 Preparation of bulk sample Prepare a clean crucible (see A.3.1) by melting in it a quantity of copper from the lot to be analysed and discard this melt. Clean the 24 strips selected in accor

45、dance with A.6, by immersing them in hydrochloric acid (see A.3.2) at ambient temperature for 15 min. Then thoroughly wash the cathode strips in deionized water (see A.3.3) and allow them to m. Depending upon the size of the melting equipment adable, proceed according to a) orb) as follows, takjng c

46、are to avoid ingress of oxygen into the melt so as to avoid oxidation of iron and chromium, which could affect the subsequent analysis a) place ali the cleaned strips into the cleaned crucible in the furnace (see A.3.4) and heat under an inert atmosphere until the sample is melted. Thoroughly stir t

47、he melt, which constitutes the bulk sample, with a rod (see A.3.6) and cast it into conventional ingot moulds, pouring three test ingots, one each at the beginning, middle and end of the castjng operation, using the test ingot moulds (see A.3.6); b) if the available furnacdcmcible is not large enoug

48、h to melt the composite sample then group the 24 strips into two or more batches for melting and casting, as in A.6a), casting three test ingots from each batch, as before, into the moulds (see A.3.6). Use one of the three test ingots obtained from a) orb) for the determination of the eleclxical pro

49、perties in cases of dispute (see clause 7). O BSI 1998 * m * Page 9 EN 19781998 A.7 Preparation of aggregate analysis sample Sample all the test ingots prepared in accordance with A.6 by rilng, milling or sawing. Use carbide tipped tools, tahg care to avoid overheating and consequent oxidation of the chips, to produce an aggregate analysis sample exceeding 600 g of small chips, representative of the bulk sample and hence of B.3 Commercial annealed copper IEC 28 states that “the (electrical) conductivity of commercial annealed copper shd be expressed a