1、BRITISH STANDARDEurocode Basis of structural designICS 91.010.30; 91.080.01g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS EN1990:2002+A1:2005Inc
2、orporating corrigenda December 2008and April 2010National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 1990:2002+A1:2005, incorporating corrigenda December 2008 and April 2010. It supersedes DD ENV 1991-1:1996 which is withdrawn.The start and finish of text introduced or altered by a
3、mendment is indicated in the text by tags. Tags indicating changes to CEN text carry the number of the CEN amendment. For example, text altered by CEN amendment A1 is indicated by !“.The start and finish of text introduced or altered by corrigendum is indicated in the text by tags. Text altered by C
4、EN corrigendum December 2008 is indicated in the text by .The start and finish of text introduced or altered by corrigendum is indicated in the text by tags. Text altered by CEN corrigendum April 2010 is indicated in the text by .The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Com
5、mittee B/525, Building and Civil engineering structures, to Subcommittee B/525/1, Action, loadings and basis of design.A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary.Where a normative part of this EN allows for a choice to be made at the national
6、 level, the range and possible choice will be given in the normative text, and a Note will qualify it as a Nationally Determined Parameter (NDP). NDPs can be a specific value for a factor, a specific level or class, a particular method or a particular application rule if several are proposed in the
7、EN.To enable EN 1990 to be used in the UK, the NDPs will be published in a National Annex which will be incorporated by amendment into this British Standard in due course, after public consultation has taken place.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contrac
8、t. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.BS EN 1990:2002+A1:2005This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 27 July 2002 BSI 2010Amendments/corri
9、genda issued since publicationAmd.No. Date Comments 16226 March 2006 Implementation of CEN amendment A1:200530 June 2009 Implementation of CEN corrigendum December 200831 July 2010 Implementation of CEN corrigendum April 2010ISBN 978 0 580 71374 3EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 199
10、0ICS 91.010.30 Supersedes ENV 1991-1:1994English versionEurocode - Basis of structural designEurocodes structuraux - Eurocodes: Bases de calcul desstructuresEurocode: Grundlagen der TragwerksplanungThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 29 November 2001.CEN members are bound to comply with th
11、e CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to
12、 any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the officialversions.EURO
13、PEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2002 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 1990:2002December 2005CEN membe
14、rs are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.:2002+A1Incorporating corrigenda December 2008and April 20102Co
15、ntents Page FOREWORD.5 BACKGROUND OF THE EUROCODE PROGRAMME 6STATUS AND FIELD OF APPLICATION OF EUROCODES7 NATIONAL STANDARDS IMPLEMENTING EUROCODES 7 LINKS BETWEEN EUROCODES AND HARMONISED TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS (ENS AND ETAS) FOR PRODUCTS 8 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION SPECIFIC TO EN 1990 .8 NATIONAL
16、ANNEX FOR EN 1990 .12 SECTION 1 GENERAL 12 1.1 SCOPE12 1.2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES12 1.3 ASSUMPTIONS .13 1.4 DISTINCTION BETWEEN PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATION RULES .13 1.5 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS.14 1.5.1 Common terms used in EN 1990 to EN 199914 1.5.2 Special terms relating to design in general.15 1.5.3 T
17、erms relating to actions.18 1.5.4 Terms relating to material and product properties.21 1.5.5 Terms relating to geometrical data .21 1.5.6 Terms relating to structural analysis 22 1.6 SYMBOLS.23 SECTION 2 REQUIREMENTS .262.1 BASIC REQUIREMENTS.26 2.2 RELIABILITY MANAGEMENT 27 2.3 DESIGN WORKING LIFE
18、28 2.4 DURABILITY 28 2.5 QUALITY MANAGEMENT29 SECTION 3 PRINCIPLES OF LIMIT STATES DESIGN30 3.1 GENERAL.30 3.2 DESIGN SITUATIONS 30 3.3 ULTIMATE LIMIT STATES .31 3.4 SERVICEABILITY LIMIT STATES31 3.5 LIMIT STATE DESIGN32 SECTION 4 BASIC VARIABLES .33 4.1 ACTIONS AND ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES33 4.1.1
19、Classification of actions 33 4.1.2 Characteristic values of actions 334.1.3 Other representative values of variable actions354.1.4 Representation of fatigue actions 35 4.1.5 Representation of dynamic actions35 4.1.6 Geotechnical actions .36 4.1.7 Environmental influences 36 4.2 MATERIAL AND PRODUCT
20、PROPERTIES 36 4.3 GEOMETRICAL DATA .37 SECTION 5 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN ASSISTED BY TESTING38 5.1 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS 38 5.1.1 Structural modelling38 5.1.2 Static actions .38 5.1.3 Dynamic actions38 BS EN 1990:2002+A1:2005EN 1990:2002+A1:2005 (E)35.1.4 Fire design.39 5.2 DESIGN ASSISTED BY T
21、ESTING .40 SECTION 6 VERIFICATION BY THE PARTIAL FACTOR METHOD 41 6.1 GENERAL.41 6.2 LIMITATIONS .41 6.3 DESIGN VALUES.41 6.3.1 Design values of actions41 6.3.2 Design values of the effects of actions.42 6.3.3 Design values of material or product properties 43 6.3.4 Design values of geometrical data
22、 43 6.3.5 Design resistance 44 6.4 ULTIMATE LIMIT STATES .45 6.4.1 General45 6.4.2 Verifications of static equilibrium and resistance.466.4.3 Combination of actions (fatigue verifications excluded).46 6.4.3.1 General46 6.4.3.2 Combinations of actions for persistent or transient design situations (fu
23、ndamental combinations)47 6.4.3.3 Combinations of actions for accidental design situations .48 6.4.3.4 Combinations of actions for seismic design situations48 6.4.4 Partial factors for actions and combinations of actions .48 6.4.5 Partial factors for materials and products49 6.5 SERVICEABILITY LIMIT
24、 STATES49 6.5.1 Verifications 49 6.5.2 Serviceability criteria 49 6.5.3 Combination of actions .49 6.5.4 Partial factors for materials50 ANNEX A1 (NORMATIVE) APPLICATION FOR BUILDINGS.51 A1.1 FIELD OF APPLICATION .51 A1.2 COMBINATIONS OF ACTIONS .51 A1.2.1 General .51 A1.2.2 Values of factors51 A1.3
25、 ULTIMATE LIMIT STATES 52 A1.3.1 Design values of actions in persistent and transient design situations.52 A1.3.2 Design values of actions in the accidental and seismic design situations 56 A1.4 SERVICEABILITY LIMIT STATES.57 A1.4.1 Partial factors for actions.57 A1.4.2 Serviceability criteria57 A1.
26、4.3 Deformations and horizontal displacements.57 A1.4.4 Vibrations59 ANNEX A2 (NORMATIVE) APPLICATION FOR BRIDGES.60 National Annex for EN 1990 Annex A2 .60 A2.1 FIELD OF APPLICATION .62 A2.2 COMBINATIONS OF ACTIONS 63 A2.2.1 General 63 A2.2.2 Combination rules for road bridges 65 A2.2.3 Combination
27、 rules for footbridges .66 A2.2.4 Combination rules for railway bridges 66A2.2.5 Combinations of actions for accidental (non seismic) design situations .67 A2.2.6 Values of % factors .67 A2.3 ULTIMATE LIMIT STATES 70 A2.3.1 Design values of actions in persistent and transient design situations 70 A2
28、.3.2 Design values of actions in the accidental and seismic design situations .75 A2.4 SERVICEABILITY AND OTHER SPECIFIC LIMIT STATES .76 A2.4.1 General 76 A2.4.2 Serviceability criteria regarding deformation and vibration for road bridges .77 BS EN 1990:2002+A1:2005EN 1990:2002+A1:2005 (E)4A2.4.3 V
29、erifications concerning vibration for footbridges due to pedestrian trafic .77 A2.4.4 Verifications regarding deformations and vibrations for railway bridges 79 ANNEX B (INFORMATIVE) MANAGEMENT OF STRUCTURAL RELIABILITY FOR CONSTRUCTION WORKS.86 B1 SCOPE AND FIELD OF APPLICATION 86 B2 SYMBOLS.86 B3
30、RELIABILITY DIFFERENTIATION .87 B3.1 Consequences classes 87 B3.2 Differentiation by values.87 B3.3 Differentiation by measures relating to the partial factors88 B4 DESIGN SUPERVISION DIFFERENTIATION 88 B5 INSPECTION DURING EXECUTION89 B6 PARTIAL FACTORS FOR RESISTANCE PROPERTIES .90 ANNEX C (INFORM
31、ATIVE) BASIS FOR PARTIAL FACTOR DESIGN AND RELIABILITY ANALYSIS91 C1 SCOPE AND FIELD OF APPLICATIONS .91 C2 SYMBOLS.91 C3 INTRODUCTION 92 C4 OVERVIEW OF RELIABILITY METHODS92 C5 RELIABILITY INDEX .93 C6 TARGET VALUES OF RELIABILITY INDEX .94 C7 APPROACH FOR CALIBRATION OF DESIGN VALUES .95 C8 RELIAB
32、ILITY VERIFICATION FORMATS IN EUROCODES .97 C9 PARTIAL FACTORS IN EN 1990 98 C10 0FACTORS .99 ANNEX D (INFORMATIVE) DESIGN ASSISTED BY TESTING.101 D1 SCOPE AND FIELD OF APPLICATION 101 D2 SYMBOLS.101 D3 TYPES OF TESTS .102D4 PLANNING OF TESTS.103 D5 DERIVATION OF DESIGN VALUES105 D6 GENERAL PRINCIPL
33、ES FOR STATISTICAL EVALUATIONS .106 D7 STATISTICAL DETERMINATION OF A SINGLE PROPERTY106 D7.1 General106 D7.2 Assessment via the characteristic value 107D7.3 Direct assessment of the design value for ULS verifications.108 D8 STATISTICAL DETERMINATION OF RESISTANCE MODELS 109 D8.1 General109 D8.2 Sta
34、ndard evaluation procedure (Method (a)109 D8.2.1 General109 D8.2.2 Standard procedure .110D8.3 Standard evaluation procedure (Method (b)114 D8.4 Use of additional prior knowledge 114 BIBLIOGRAPHY 116 BS EN 1990:2002+A1:2005EN 1990:2002+A1:2005 (E)5Foreword This document (EN 1990:2002) has been prepa
35、red by Technical Committee CEN/TC 250 “Structural Eurocodes“, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2002, and conflicting national standa
36、rds shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2010. This document supersedes ENV 1991-1:1994. CEN/TC 250 is responsible for all Structural Eurocodes. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this Europea
37、n Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Foreword to amendment A1 This European Standard (EN 1990:2002/A1:2005) has been prepa
38、red by Technical Committee CEN/TC 250 “Structural Eurocodes”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.This Amendment to the EN 1990:2002 shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2006, and conflicting nationa
39、l standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2006. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Ger
40、many, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. BS EN 1990:2002+A1:2005EN 1990:2002+A1:2005 (E)6Background of the Eurocode programme In 1975, the Commission
41、 of the European Community decided on an action programme in the field of construction, based on article 95 of the Treaty. The objective of the programme was the elimination of technical obstacles to trade and the harmonisation of technical specifications. Within this action programme, the Commissio
42、n took the initiative to establish a set of harmonised technical rules for the design of construction works which, in a first stage, would serve as an alternative to the in force in the MemberStates and, ultimately, would replace them. For fifteen years, the Commission, with the help of a Steering C
43、ommittee with Repre-sentatives of Member States, conducted the development of the Eurocodes programme, which led to the first generation of European codes in the 1980s. In 1989, the Commission and the Member States of the EU and EFTA decided, on the basis of an agreement1between the Commission and C
44、EN, to transfer the preparation and the publication of the Eurocodes to CEN through a series of Mandates, in order to provide them with a future status of European Standard (EN). This links de facto the Eurocodes with the provisions of all the Councils Directives and/or Commissions De-cisions dealin
45、g with European standards (e.g. the Council Directive 89/106/EEC on construction products - CPD - andon public works and services and equivalent EFTA Directives initiated in pursuit of setting up the internal market).The Structural Eurocode programme comprises the following standards generally con-s
46、isting of a number of Parts: EN 1990 Eurocode : Basis of Structural Design EN 1991 Eurocode 1: Actions on structures EN 1992 Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures EN 1993 Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures EN 1994 Eurocode 4: Design of composite steel and concrete structures EN 1995 Eurocode
47、 5: Design of timber structures EN 1996 Eurocode 6: Design of masonry structures EN 1997 Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design EN 1998 Eurocode 8: Design of structures for earthquake resistance EN 1999 Eurocode 9: Design of aluminium structures Eurocode standards recognise the responsibility of regulatory
48、 authorities in each Mem-ber State and have safeguarded their right to determine values related to regulatory safety matters at national level where these continue to vary from State to State. 1Agreement between the Commission of the European Communities and the European Committee for Standardisatio
49、n (CEN) concerning the work on EUROCODES for the design of building and civil engineering works (BC/CEN/03/89).national provisions Council Directives 2004/17/EC and 2004/18/EC BS EN 1990:2002+A1:2005EN 1990:2002+A1:2005 (E)7Status and field of application of Eurocodes The Member States of the EU and EFTA recognise that Eurocodes serve as reference documents for the following purposes : as a means to prove compliance of building and civil engineering works with the essential requirements of Council Directive 89/106/EEC, particularly Essential Re-quir
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