1、CEN ENx2489 95 M 3404589 0114828 721 BRITISH STANDARD AEROSPACE SERIES Fibre reinforced plastics - Determination of the action of test fluids The European Standard EN 2489 : 1995 has the status of a British Standard UDC 678.067: 621.193.19: 629.7 ICs 49.040.10 BS EN 2489 : 1995 CEN EN*2487 75 340458
2、7 OLL4829 8b8 = Amd. No. BS EN 2489 : 1995 Date Text affected This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Board, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 December 1995 O ES1 1995 The following BSI references re
3、late to the work on this standard: Committee reference ACE64 Draft for comment 88/78341 DC ISBN O 680 23108 9 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee ACE/64, upon which the following bodies were represented: Briti
4、sh Plastics Federation Ministry of Defence Society of British Aerospace Companies Limited I I I I - CEN EN*2489 95 W 3404589 OLL4830 58T BS EN 2489 : 1995 Contents Page Cooperating organizations Inside front cover National foreword ii Foreword 2 Bxt of EN 2489 3 i BS EN 2489 : 1995 CEN EN*2489 95 m
5、3404589 OLL483L 4Lb m . National foreword This British Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee ACE/64 and is the English language version of EN 2489 : 1995 Aerospace series - Fibre reinforced plastics - Determination of the action of test fluids, published by the European Committee for Sta
6、ndardization (CEN). EN 2489 was produced as a result of international discussions in which the United Kingdom took an active part. Cross-reference Publication referred to EN 2744 : 1992 Corresponding British Standard BS EN 2744 Non-metallic materials. Preferred test temperatures Compliance with a Br
7、itish Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legai obligations. ii CEN ENx2489 95 E 3404589 OLL4832 352 M EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 2489 September 1995 ICs 49.040.10 Descriptors: Aircraft industry, plastics, reinforced plastics, ass reinforced plastics, chemical
8、tests, chemical resistance, chemical compounds, liquids English version Aerospace series - Fibre reinforced plastics - Determination of the action of test fluids Srie arospatiale - Plastiques renforcs de fibres - Dtermination de laction des fluides dessais Prfflssigkeiten Luft- und Raumfahrt - Faser
9、verstrkte Kunststoffe - Bestimmung des Einflusses von This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1995-09-19. CEN members are bound to comply with the CENICENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alt
10、eration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by tran
11、slation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembou
12、rg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B- 1050 Brussels O 1995 Copyright reserved to CEN members Ref. No. 2489
13、: 1995 E CEN EN*2489 95 3404589 OLL4833 299 Page 2 EN 2489 : 1995 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by the European Association of Aerospace Manufacturers (AECMA). After inquiries and votes carried out in accordance with the rules of this Association, this Standard has successively r
14、eceived the approval of the National Associations and the Official Services of the member countries of AECMA, prior to its presentation to CEN. According to the Common CENXENELEC Rules, the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France,
15、 Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN EN82467 75 ia 3404589 OLL4B34 125 E Page 3 EN 2489 : 1995 1 Scope This standard specifies the method of immersion of fibre reinforced plastics in test fluids. It d
16、oes not give any directives to meet health and safety requirements. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to adopt appropriate health and safety precautions. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference provisions from other publications. T
17、hese nonnative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereaft er. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For un
18、dated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 2379 Aerospace series - Test fluids for non-metallic materials EN 2743 Aerospace series - Reinforced plastics - Standard procedures for conditioning pror to testing 1) EN 2744 Aerospace series - Non-metallic materials - P
19、referred test temperatures 3 Principle Determine : - changes in appearance after immersion, or after immersion and drying - changes in mechanical and physical characteristics immediately after immersion, or after immersion and drying. Specimens in fibre reinforced plastics are subjected to a total i
20、mmersion in the specified fluid for a specified period and temperature. The characteristics are determined before and after immersion and possibly after elimination of the fluid by drying. 4 Test fluids 4.1 As detailed in the material standard unless otherwise specified. NOTE 1 : EN 2379 shall be us
21、ed as a basis. 4.2 fluids are taken from the same container. In case of a fluid of unknown or variable composition, it is important that all samples of NOTE 2 : This recommendation is valid only within the same series or programme of tests. Published as AECMA Prestandard at the date of publication o
22、f this standard CEN ENx2489 95 3404587 OLL4835 Ob1 W Page 4 EN 2489 : 1995 5 Apparatus 5.1 Glass beakers of a size suited to the dimensions of the specimens. 5.2 temperature accurate to i 2 C Temperature controlled vessel capable of maintaining the beakers at the immersion 5.3 5.4 5.5 to i 2 C 5.6 5
23、.7 5.8 6 Vapour condensation system, if required Thermometer of appropriate scale and accuracy Ventilated drying oven which can be maintained at the specified temperature accurate Sealable container (e.g. desiccator) Balance accurate to within 0,l mg Magnifying glass with magnification of 1 O times
24、Specimens A comparison between different fibre reinforced plastics using this method is only possible if the test specimens have the same shape, dimensions and condition (surface finish, etc.). 6.1 Cut at least five specimens from the laminate for each temperature and period of immersion and record
25、their onginal position within the laminate. If the tests alter the test specimens (in particular, destructive testing), an additional series of test specimens is required in order to act as a reference. 6.2 standard concerned. For the shape, dimensions and fabrication method of the specimens see the
26、 test If several test specimen sizes are specified, by preference the thickness closest to 3 mm for glass fibre reinforced laminates and to 2 mm for carbon fibre l) reinforced laminates shall be selected. 7 Procedure 7.1 Immersion temperatures If it is not specified in the material standard, choose
27、in preference one of the following temperatures : - (23I2)“C. - (70*2)“C; - (100 i 2) OC. If another temperature is needed, select it from EN 2744 with a tolerance of i 2 “C . 1 For other fibres, complementary information will be introduced, if necessary, later. CEN ENa2489 95 W 3404589 OLL4836 TT8
28、Hours 11 2 4 18 Il61241481961168 AA I AB /AC IAD I AE I AF IAGAH I AJ Page 5 EN 2489 : 1995 Weeks Years 2 14 18 116126152 1,51 2 13 14 15 BAI BB I BD I BE I BF BG CAI CB ICCCDI CE Check that the temperature chosen is not too close to the glass transition temperature of the laminate. 7.2 Duration of
29、the immersion If it is not specified in the material standard, choose in preference one of the following periods of immersion : - 24 h for a short test ; - 4 weeks for a normal test ; - 26 weeks for a long test. The immersion time can, if required, be selected from table 1. Table 1 I Desionation cod
30、es 1 7.3 Immersion (for each specimen) - Unless otherwise specified, immersion shall be canied out in the dark. - Use at least 4 ml of fluid per square centimeter of the total specimen surface area. - Immerse the specimen completely. When the specimens are composed of the same material, several may
31、be placed in the same beaker, provided they do not touch each other. - Ensure that contact between specimens and beaker walls and specimen supports is point contact so as to ensure that as much as possible of the specimen is wetted. - Cover the beakerc and place them in the temperature controlled ve
32、ssel. - Stir the fluid at least once per day and readjust its level, if necessary. - Replace the fluid periodically in order to ensure that its composition is maintained. NOTE : It may be necessary to check the fluid after immersion. This check may be a simple visual examination or an analysis. 7.4
33、Removal of the fluid Unless otherwise specified, it shall be removed by one of the following methods : - wiping ; - rinsing then wiping ; - drying (if applicable). CEN ENr2489 95 3404589 0114837 934 W Page 6 EN 2489: 1995 7.4.1 Rinsing and wiping At the end of the period of immersion, the temperatur
34、e of the specimens may be brought to ambient temperature or to the test temperature by transferring them rapidly into a new quantity of fluid at the specified test temperature. An immersion period of 15 min to 30 min shall be allowed before testing. Remove the specimens from the fluid. If necessary,
35、 rinse them with a product which does not affect the material and which is compatible with the fluid then wipe them with filter paper or lint-free cloth. 7.4.2 Drying After immeision in a volatile fluid, dry in an oven at (70 I2) C until constant mass is obtained, cool in a sealed container. 7.5 Det
36、ermination of the characteristics after immersion 7.5.1 Ambient temperature test (23 2 2) C Cany out the test within the 15 min which follow the removal from the sealed container. 7.5.2 Test at other than ambient temperature Place each specimen in the test fixture which is held at the specified temp
37、erature. Maintain the specimen at the specified test temperature for a period which is : - either specified in the material standard ; - or determined during preliminary tests. For these tests, use an identical specimen which has been subjected to the same conditions of immersion and exposure to the
38、 same temperature on the same fixture. Check that the exposure time is sufficient so that all points on the specimen achieve the specified temperature without an unacceptable loss of the absorbed fluid. 8 Expression of results 8.1 Visual aspect Examine each specimen after immersion, with the magnify
39、ing glass if necessary, while comparing it with a specimen that has not been immersed. Note the observed changes according to the following characteristics : - colour (type and uniformity) ; - opacity for translucent laminates ; - gloss of the surface ; Page 7 EN 24-89 : 1995 Record also if the foll
40、owing defects are present: - splits and cracks ; - blisters, pitting or other similar defects ; - degraded materials removed easily by rubbing ; - tackiness ; - delamination, warping or other distortion. Scale of severity : none, low, medium, high. 8.2 Physical and mechanical properties The action o
41、f fluids on the physical and mechanical properties of the material shall be expressed in one of the three following ways : - percentage change ; - residual percentage ; - change. 8.2.1 8.2.1.1 8.2.1.2 where : RI R2 R3 8.2.2 8.2.2.1 8.2.2.2 Percentage change (%) After immersion R2 - x100 RI After imm
42、ersion and drying R3 - R1 x100 RI is the mean of the results before immersion ; is the mean of the results after immersion ; is the mean of the results after immersion and drying. Residual percentage (%) After immersion -xi00 R2 Ri After immersion and drying - CEN EN*24B9 95 3404589 Oll4839 707 Page
43、 8 EN 2489 : 1995 8.2.3 Change 8.2.3.1 After immersion R2 - Rl 8.2.3.2 After immersion and drying R3 - Rl 9 Designation WMPLE: EN2jt89-70BEO24 Immersion temperature (see 7.1) Number of this standard immersion time (see 7.2) Drying (O: yes, N: no) Fluid reference (see EN 2379) h 10 Test report It sha
44、ll contain the following : - number of this standard, - complete identification of the material or tested product (traceability); - type of specimens used, method of their preparation, dimensions, surface finish, etc., - iocation of the test specimens within the laminate; - identification of the flu
45、id used, immersion temperature and time; - frequency of the additions or renewals of the fluid; - temperatures and duration of drying (if necessary); - test report of the tests performed; - exposure time at the test temperature (if required); - changes in visual aspect; - calculated changes (see 8.2
46、); - results of examination of the fluid, when carried out; - any incident which may have affected the results. CEN EN*Z489 95 3404589 OLL4840 429 BS EN 2489 : 1994 National annex NA (informative) Committees responsible The United Kingdom participation in the preparation of this European Standard wa
47、s entrusted by the Aerospace Standards Policy Committee (ACE/-) to Technical Committee ACE/64, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Plastics Federation Ministry of Defence Society of British Aerospace Companies Limited National annex NB (informative) Cross-references The British
48、 Standards corresponding to the European Standards referred to in the text are identical in number and title with these given in clause 2 with the exception of EN 2379 and EN 2743 for which no corresponding British Standards exist. CEN EN*2489 95 U 3404589 OLL484L 365 W BS EN 2489 : 1995 BSI 389 Chi
49、swick High Road London W4 4AL 9512- 5- 0.4k- FP BSI - British Standards Institution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level. It is incorporated by Royal Charter. Contract requirements A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Revisions British Standards are updated by amendment or revision. Us
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