EN 341-2011 en Personal fall protection equipment - Descender devices for rescue《人员防高处坠落保护设备 下降装置》.pdf

1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 341:2011Personal fall protectionequipment Descenderdevices for rescueBS EN 341:2011 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 34

2、1:2011. It supersedes BS EN 341:1993 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PH/5, Personal Fall Protection.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to i

3、nclude all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. BSI 2011 ISBN 978 0 580 65417 6 ICS 13.340.99 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standard

4、s Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 August 2011.Amendments issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS EN 341:2011EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 341 June 2011 ICS 13.340.99 Supersedes EN 341:1992English Version Personal fall protection equipment - Descender devices

5、 for rescue quipement de protection individuelle contre les chutes - Descendeurs pour sauvetage Persnliche Absturzschutzausrstung - Abseilgerte zum Retten This European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 May 2011. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipul

6、ate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European St

7、andard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the n

8、ational standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Swit

9、zerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No.

10、 EN 341:2011: EBS EN 341:2011EN 341:2011 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 31 Scope 42 Normative references 43 Terms, definitions and classes 43.1 Terms and definitions .43.2 Classes .54 Requirements .64.1 General 64.2 Design, materials and construction .64.3 Dynamic strength.74.4 Function 84.5 Descent e

11、nergy 84.6 Static strength 94.7 Corrosion resistance .94.8 Additional requirements for manually-operated descender devices (type 2) .94.9 Additional requirements for descender devices, class D94.10 Marking and information .95 Test methods 95.1 Test samples 95.2 Examination of design . 105.3 Dynamic

12、strength test 105.4 Function tests . 125.5 Descent energy test 155.6 Static strength test . 175.7 Operating force test 185.8 Holding force test . 185.9 Line integrity test 185.10 Corrosion resistance test 196 Marking 197 Information supplied by the manufacturer 20Annex A (informative) Significant te

13、chnical changes between this European Standard and EN 341:1992 . 21Figures Figure 1 Dynamic strength test for descender devices that normally travel with the user 11 Figure 2 Dynamic strength test for descender devices that normally do not travel with the user 12 Figure 3 Example of test apparatus f

14、or test of integrity of lines and for descent energy of an automatic descender device (type 1) . 16 Figure 4 Example of test apparatus for test of integrity of lines and for descent energy of a manually-operated descender device (type 2) 17 BS EN 341:2011EN 341:2011 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN

15、341:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 160 “Protection against falls from a height including working belts”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorseme

16、nt, at the latest by December 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identif

17、ying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 341:1992. Annex A provides details of significant technical changes between this European Standard and EN 341:1992. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are b

18、ound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain

19、, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 341:2011EN 341:2011 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies requirements, test methods, marking and information to be supplied by the manufacturer for descender devices, which include descent lines (hereinafter referred to as lines), intende

20、d for rescue and to protect against falls in a rescue system, which is a personal fall protection system. This European Standard does not specify requirements for descender devices that are used for descending in mountaineering, rope access or work positioning systems. NOTE A descender device which

21、enables the user to rescue himself and which conforms to this European Standard is personal protective equipment (PPE). 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated

22、references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 362, Personal protective equipment against falls from a height Connectors EN 363:2008, Personal fall protection equipment Personal fall protection systems EN 364:1992, Personal protective equipment again

23、st falls from a height Test methods EN 365:2004, Personal protective equipment against falls from a height General requirements for instructions for use, maintenance, periodic examination, repair, marking and packaging EN 1496:2006, Personal fall protection equipment Rescue lifting devices EN 1891:1

24、998, Personal protective equipment for the prevention of falls from a height Low stretch kernmantel ropes EN 12385-1, Steel wire ropes Safety Part 1: General requirements EN ISO 9227, Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres Salt spray tests (ISO 9227:2006) 3 Terms, definitions and classes For the

25、purposes of this document, the terms and definitions of EN 363:2008 and the following apply. 3.1 Terms and definitions 3.1.1 descender device automatic (type 1) or manually-operated (type 2) device, including a line, by which persons can, at a limited velocity, rescue themselves or others from a hig

26、her to a lower position in such a way that a free fall is prevented NOTE A line could be e.g. wire rope, textile rope, or webbing. 3.1.1.1 automatic descender device (type 1) descender device with a braking system that does not require an intervention by the user once the descent has commenced BS EN

27、 341:2011EN 341:2011 (E) 5 3.1.1.2 manually-operated descender device (type 2) descender device with a braking system that requires an intervention by the user 3.1.1.3 control device integral element of the descender device normally operated by hand, used to control the velocity of descent down the

28、line 3.1.1.4 panic locking element integral part or function of the control device which stops or slows down the descent and thereby prevents an uncontrolled descent or a fall if the user panics and operates the descender device beyond its intended control parameters 3.1.2 descent energy energy meas

29、ured in joules and expressed as W, which results from the product of the descent load, the gravity, the descent height and the number of descents NOTE Descent energy W = m g h n where W is the descent energy, expressed in joules (J); m is the descent load, expressed in kilograms (kg); g is the gravi

30、ty 9,81 m/s2; h is the descent height, expressed in metres (m); n is the number of descents. 3.1.3 minimum rated load minimum mass of the person(s), including tools and equipment, for the descender device, as specified by the manufacturer NOTE Minimum rated load is expressed in kilograms. 3.1.4 maxi

31、mum rated load maximum mass of the person(s), including tools and equipment, for the descender device, as specified by the manufacturer NOTE Maximum rated load is expressed in kilograms. 3.2 Classes Descender devices are classified as follows: a) class A: descent energy W up to 7,5 106 J; b) class B

32、: descent energy W up to 1,5 106 J; c) class C: descent energy W up to 0,5 106 J; BS EN 341:2011EN 341:2011 (E) 6 d) class D: For only one descent. Descent energy depends on the maximum descent height and the maximum rated load. NOTE In practice, descender devices are subjected to different loads. A

33、 descender device for descending, e. g. 100 passengers from a cable car at a height of 100 m, has to meet more severe requirements than a descender device used by a crane driver to descend by himself from a height of 20 m only once. 4 Requirements 4.1 General 4.1.1 Minimum rated load The minimum rat

34、ed load shall be specified by the manufacturer. 4.1.2 Maximum rated load The maximum rated load shall be specified by the manufacturer and shall be at least 100 kg. 4.2 Design, materials and construction 4.2.1 General Materials which may come into contact with the skin of a user shall not be known t

35、o, or suspected to, adversely affect user hygiene or health, e.g. cause irritating or sensitization effects, during normal use of the descender device. Descender devices shall not have sharp or rough edges that may cut, abrade or otherwise damage rope or webbing or cause injury to the user. When des

36、cender devices in accordance with this standard have a rescue lifting function, they shall in addition to this European Standard conform to EN 1496:2006, class A. Connectors shall conform to EN 362. 4.2.2 Lines Lines shall be made from steel or stainless steel wire rope, textile rope or webbing. Lin

37、es shall have at least one termination. Line ends that do not have a termination shall have an end stop. The ends of the lines shall be protected against slipping through the descender device unintentionally. Lines including their termination(s) shall be of a type capable of visual inspection or els

38、e subject to manufacturers guidance for appropriate examination. 4.2.2.1 Wire rope lines Wire rope lines shall be made from one piece and shall be stress and torsion relieved. Wire rope lines made from steel except stainless steel shall be galvanized to EN 12385-1. The nominal tensile strength of th

39、e wires of the steel or stainless steel wire rope shall not exceed 1960 N/mm2. BS EN 341:2011EN 341:2011 (E) 7 NOTE 1 A limit of the nominal tensile strength is necessary, because the wires become too brittle with a higher nominal tensile strength. NOTE 2 Manufacturers of descender devices should be

40、 particularly careful when selecting lines made from stainless steel as some types of stainless steel can have unpredictable fatigue and corrosion characteristics. 4.2.2.2 Textile rope lines Textile rope lines for descender devices, class A, B or C shall be of kernmantel construction and shall confo

41、rm to EN 1891:1998, type A, 4.1 to 4.10. 4.2.2.3 Webbing lines Webbing lines shall meet the requirements of EN 1891:1998, 4.5, 4.6 and 4.10. Webbing lines shall be made from virgin filament or multi-filament synthetic fibres suitable for the use intended. The breaking tenacity of the synthetic fibre

42、 shall be known to be at least 0,6 N/tex. The materials used for the construction of the webbing line shall be known to have a melting point of more than 195 C. Webbing lines made from polypropylene or polyethylene shall not be used. 4.2.2.4 Line integrity When tested in accordance with 5.9, lines m

43、ade of stainless steel wire rope or made of textiles containing aramid fibres shall withstand a test force as given in 4.6, applied for 3 min. 4.2.2.5 Terminations, end stops Lines shall be terminated in such a manner that they can be connected, directly or by an appropriate connector as specified b

44、y the manufacturer, to a body holding device, e.g. a rescue harness or a rescue loop, or to an anchor device. Reinforcement or another method shall be used to protect terminations from concentrated wear at all webbing-to-metal fitting interfaces. All splices shall be secured to prevent the splice fr

45、om coming open in use. Eye splices in laid fibre rope shall consist of at least four tucks using all the yarns in the strands. The length of the splicing tails emerging after the last tuck shall be at least one rope diameter. Threads used for sewing shall be physically compatible with the webbing/ro

46、pe, and the quality shall be compatible to that of the webbing/rope. They shall, however, be of a contrasting shade or colour in order to facilitate visual inspection. When using a knot for forming a termination or as an end stop, the knot shall be secured so that it cannot be opened without the use

47、 of a tool. When tested in accordance with 5.6, the tail end of the knot shall have a minimum length of 100 mm. Webbing ends shall be sealed or otherwise prevented from unravelling. Eye terminations of wire ropes shall be made with thimbles and by splices or with thimbles and by pressed ferrules. 4.

48、3 Dynamic strength When tested in accordance with 5.3, the descender device shall not release the test mass and no part of the descender device shall show any signs of breaking or tearing. BS EN 341:2011EN 341:2011 (E) 8 4.4 Function 4.4.1 Classes A, B and C When tested in the dry and wet condition

49、in accordance with 5.4.1 and 5.4.2: a) it shall be possible to maintain a continuous descent velocity between 0,5 m/s and 2 m/s; b) in the case of a manually-operated descender device, the velocity shall not exceed 2 m/s when the control device is in a hands-off position or if applicable any panic locking element is engaged; c) none of the parts of the descender device handled by the user to control the descents shall