1、BS EN 47:2016Wood preservatives Determination of the toxicvalues against larvae ofHylotrupes bajulus (Linnaeus) (Laboratory method)BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06BS EN 47:2016 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implement
2、ation of EN 47:2016. It supersedes BS EN 47:2005 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/515, Wood preservation.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purpor
3、t to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2016.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 90446 2 ICS 71.100.50 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligati
4、ons.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 August 2016.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS EN 47:2016EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 47 August 2016 ICS 71.100.50 Supers
5、edes EN 47:2005English Version Wood preservatives - Determination of the toxic values against larvae of Hylotrupes bajulus (Linnaeus) - (Laboratory method) Produits de prservation du bois - Dtermination du seuil defficacit contre les larves dHylotrupes bajulus (Linnaeus) - (Mthode de laboratoire) Ho
6、lzschutzmittel - Bestimmung der Grenze der Wirksamkeit gegenber Larven von Hylotrupes bajulus (Linnaeus) - (Laboratoriumsverfahren) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 2 January 2017. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions f
7、or giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in thr
8、ee official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bo
9、dies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia,
10、Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey andUnited Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldw
11、ide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 47:2016 EBS EN 47:2016EN 47:2016 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 3 Introduction 4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative reference 5 3 Terms and definitions . 5 4 Principle . 5 5 Test materials . 6 6 Sampling . 8 7 Test specimens . 9 8 Procedure 10 9 Expression of re
12、sults . 14 10 Test report 14 Annex A (informative) Example of a test report 16 Annex B (informative) Technique for culturing Hylotrupes bajulus (Linnaeus) 18 Annex C (normative) Differentiation of heartwood and sapwood in Pinus species 21 Annex D (informative) Environmental, health and safety precau
13、tions within chemical/biological laboratory 22 Bibliography . 23 BS EN 47:2016EN 47:2016 (E) 3 European foreword This document (EN 47:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 38 “Durability of wood and wood-based products”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standa
14、rd shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2017, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2017. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of
15、this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 47:2005. The significant technical difference between this document and EN 47:2005 is as follows: introduction of new harmoni
16、zed specifications for wood quality. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugosl
17、av Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 47:2016EN 47:2016 (E) 4 Introduction This do
18、cument describes a laboratory method of testing which gives a basis for the general assessment of the effectiveness of a wood preservative against Hylotrupes bajulus by determination and comparison with different classes of larvae, of the concentration at which the product prevents their survival in
19、 totally impregnated wood of a susceptible species. In this respect it differs from the method specified in EN 46-1 which is intended to determine whether a preservative applied to the surface is capable of preventing infestation of wood by these larvae. This laboratory method provides a criterion b
20、y which the value of a preservative can be assessed. In making this assessment the methods by which the preservative may be applied should be taken into account. It is further recommended that results from this test should be supplemented by those from other appropriate tests and, above all, by comp
21、arison with practical experience. When products which are very active at very low concentration are used, it is very important to take suitable precautions to isolate and separate, as far as possible, operations involving chemical products, other products, treated wood, laboratory apparatus and clot
22、hing. Suitable precautions should include the use of separate rooms, areas within rooms, extraction facilities, conditioning chambers and special training for personnel (see also Annex D for environmental, health and safety precautions). BS EN 47:2016EN 47:2016 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard s
23、pecifies a method for the determination of the toxic values of a wood preservative against the larvae of Hylotrupes bajulus (Linnaeus), introduced into wood treated previously by full impregnation. This method is applicable to: water-insoluble chemicals which are being studied as active insecticides
24、; organic formulations, as supplied or as prepared in the laboratory by dilution of concentrates; organic water-dispersible formulations as supplied or as prepared in the laboratory by dilution of concentrates; and water-soluble materials, for example salts. The method is applicable whether or not t
25、he test specimens have been subjected to appropriate ageing procedures. 2 Normative reference The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated referen
26、ces, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use Specification and test methods (ISO 3696) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 representative s
27、ample sample having its physical or chemical characteristics identical to the volumetric average characteristics of the total volume being sampled SOURCE: EN 1001-2:2005, 4.71 3.2 supplier sponsor of the test (person or company providing the sample of wood preservative to be tested) Note 1 to entry:
28、 Adapted from EN 10012:2005, 4.83. 4 Principle Impregnation of several sets of test specimens of susceptible wood species with a series of concentrations of the preservative. Introduction of Hylotrupes bajulus larvae of a given category into these test specimens and determination of their survival r
29、ate at fixed intervals of time. BS EN 47:2016EN 47:2016 (E) 6 Comparison of the results with those obtained with untreated and solvent or diluent-treated control test specimens. Derivation of the toxic values of the product under test for the category of larvae in question. 5 Test materials 5.1 Biol
30、ogical material 5.1.1 Hylotrupes bajulus (Linnaeus) larvae Category 1 (obligatory test): larvae within a maximum of 3 days of hatching; Category 2 (optional additional test): larvae with masses in the range 50 mg to 150 mg. 5.1.2 Source of larvae The larvae shall preferably be obtained from cultures
31、 reared according to the method described in Annex B. Otherwise larvae in Category 2 can be taken from naturally infested wood, in which case they should be transferred into sapwood of pine and stored for at least 4 weeks under the rearing conditions specified in Annex B. Do not use the larvae in th
32、e test if they have not fed normally during this storage period. 5.1.3 Provision of larvae Collect larvae in Category 1 from eggs laid by different females. Carefully cut out the larvae in Category 2 from the culture blocks and keep them separated from one another for 2 days to 3 days in the culturi
33、ng chamber (5.3.1) to check that they are healthy. 5.1.4 Choice of larvae in Category 2 Use only healthy larvae in the test. NOTE A healthy larva can be recognized by its ivory-white colour, its firm consistency and rounded appearance, and by the absence of wounds or bites which show up as dark mark
34、s. Healthy larvae react to the touch by vigorous movement and attempts to bite. Reject any larvae which are shrunken or aged, which have recently moulted, or which are in a pre-pupal stage. 5.1.5 Number of larvae The number of larvae per treated and control test specimen shall be six of Category 1 o
35、r one of Category 2. Sort the larvae retained in Category 2 mentioned above. Do not use larvae weighing more than 150 mg as they may pupate and therefore interfere with the test. For a single test, use a mixed batch of larvae of Category 1 and for Category 2, as far as possible, use larvae of simila
36、r masses. The number of larvae necessary is given in Table 1. BS EN 47:2016EN 47:2016 (E) 7 Table 1 Number of larvae and test specimens Type of test specimen Concentrations of preservatives Mass fraction Larvae in Category 1 Larvae in Category 2 Without radiography With radiography aNumber of test s
37、pecimens Number of larvae Number of test specimens Number of larvae Number of test specimens Number of larvae Treated test specimens 1 5 30 10 10 7 7 _ 2 5 30 10 10 7 7 _ 3 5 30 10 10 7 7 _ 4 5 30 10 10 7 7 _ 5 5 30 10 10 7 7 etc. Untreated control test specimens 0 5 30 10 10 7 7 Solvent or diluent
38、control testspecimens (including water) 0 5 30 10 10 7 7 Total for 5 concentrations 35 210 70 70 49 49 aThe use of radiography is only recommended in the case of tests with larvae in Category 2. 5.2 Products and reagents 5.2.1 Xylene, technical grade, mixed isomers. 5.2.2 Water, complying with grade
39、 3 of EN ISO 3696. 5.2.3 Solvent or diluent, a volatile liquid that will dissolve or dilute the preservative but does not leave a residue in the wood at the end of the post-treatment conditioning period that has a toxic effect on the insects. CAUTION Do not use benzene or other solvents which pose a
40、 health risk. 5.2.4 Cellulose or absorbent cotton wool and filter paper 5.3 Apparatus 5.3.1 Culturing chamber, with air circulation, and controlled at (28 2) C and at relative humidity (70 5) %. 5.3.2 Conditioning chamber, well ventilated and controlled at (20 2) C and at relative humidity (65 5) %.
41、 NOTE The conditioning of test specimens can be carried out in the laboratory work area (see 5.3.3) provided that this has the conditions specified for the conditioning chamber (see 5.3.2). 5.3.3 Laboratory work area, well ventilated, where treatment of the test specimens is carried out. BS EN 47:20
42、16EN 47:2016 (E) 8 CAUTION It is essential to follow safety procedures for handling flammable and toxic materials. Avoid excessive exposure of operators to solvents or their vapours. 5.3.4 Testing chamber, ventilated and air-conditioned, controlled at (22 2) C and at a relative humidity of (70 5) %.
43、 5.3.5 Treatment vessels, of a material that does not react with the preservative under test, for example of glass for organic products and of polyethylene for salts containing fluorine. 5.3.6 Weights, to provide ballast for the test specimens. The weights shall not react with any materials with whi
44、ch they come into contact during the test. 5.3.7 Safety equipment and protective clothing, appropriate for the test product and the test solvent, to ensure the safety of the operator. 5.3.8 Vacuum vessel(s), fitted with stopcocks, capable of receiving the treatment vessels (5.3.5). 5.3.9 Vacuum pump
45、, fitted with a pressure gauge and capable of maintaining a pressure of 700 Pa1). 5.3.10 Drying vessel(s), capable of holding sets of five test specimens (7.5), provided with a close-fitting cover and containing supports that will give minimum contact with treated test specimens to be placed on them
46、. The vessels and supports shall be of a material that does not react with the preservative under test, for example glass for organic compounds and polyethylene for products containing fluorine. 5.3.11 Drill and twist drills, approximately 3,0 mm to 4,5 mm in diameter, and a fine awl. In all cases,
47、the number of bits shall be sufficient to drill holes to the size of the larvae available; in the case of larvae of Category 1, use a steel awl. 5.3.12 Ordinary laboratory equipment, including a balance capable of weighing to an accuracy of 0,01 g. 5.3.13 X-ray apparatus (optional) with tungsten tar
48、get and beryllium window, with voltage and current continuously variable in the following ranges: voltages: 10 kV to 50 kV; current: 0 mA to 15 mA. 5.3.14 Protective gloves 6 Sampling The sample of preservative shall be representative of the product to be tested. Samples shall be stored and handled
49、in accordance with any written recommendations from the supplier. For the sampling of preservatives from bulk supplies, the procedure given in EN 212 should be used. 1)100 Pa = 1 mbar. BS EN 47:2016EN 47:2016 (E) 9 7 Test specimens 7.1 Species of wood The reference species is Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris Linnaeus)2). Additional tests may be carried out using other species but, if so, this should be stated in the test report. 7.2 Wood quality The wood shall be free from visible cracks, stain, decay, insect damage and other
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