EN 689-2018 en Workplace exposure - Measurement of exposure by inhalation to chemical agents - Strategy for testing compliance with occupational exposure limit values.pdf

1、BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06Workplace exposure - Measurement of exposure by inhalation to chemical agents - Strategy for testing compliance with occupational exposure limit valuesBS EN 689:2018National forewordThis British Standard is the UK imple

2、mentation of EN 689:2018. It supersedes BS EN 689:1996, which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee EH/2/2, Work place atmospheres.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication do

3、es not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2018 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2018ISBN 978 0 580 90536 0ICS 13.040.30Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from leg

4、al obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2018.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN 689:2018EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 689May 2018ICS 13.040.3

5、0 Supersedes EN 689:1995EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGCEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2018 CEN Ref. No. EN 689:2018: EAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CE

6、N national MembersWorkplace exposure - Measurement of exposure by inhalation to chemical agents - Strategy for testing compliance with occupational exposure limit valuesExposition sur les lieux de travail - Mesurage de lexposition par inhalation dagents chimiques - Stratgie pour vrifier la conformit

7、 des valeurs limites dexposition professionnelleExposition am Arbeitsplatz - Messung der Exposition durch Einatmung chemischer Arbeitsstoffe - Strategie zur berprfung der Einhaltung von ArbeitsplatzgrenzwertenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 2 March 2018.CEN members are bound to comply

8、with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Ma

9、nagement Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same s

10、tatus as the official versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Mal

11、ta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.English VersionEN 689:2018 (E)European foreword 3Introduction . 41 Scope . 52 Normative references 53 Terms and definitions and abbreviations 53.1 Terms and definitio

12、ns . 53.2 Abbreviations . 54 General 65 Occupational exposure assessment 85.1 Basic characterization 85.1.1 General 85.1.2 Identification of chemical agents and other information required 85.1.3 Review of workplace factors 85.1.4 Estimation of exposure . 95.1.5 Decisions . 95.2 Sampling strategy 105

13、.2.1 Constitution of Similar Exposure Groups (SEGs) .105.2.2 Specifying the measuring procedure .105.3 Performing exposure measurements . 115.4 Validation of results and SEGs 125.4.1 General. 125.4.2 Validation of measurement results .125.4.3 Validation of SEGs 125.5 Comparison of results with OELVs

14、 135.5.1 General. 135.5.2 Preliminary test .135.5.3 Statistical test 146 Report .147 Periodic reassessment.15Annex A (informative) Assessment of exposure 16Annex B (informative) Occupational exposure limit values for compliance testing .21Annex C (informative) Simultaneous workplace exposure to seve

15、ral chemical agents .23Annex D (informative) Exposure profile and sampling duration 26Annex E (informative) Check of exposure measurements distribution, and identification of exceptional exposure within the SEG .32Annex F (informative) Testing compliance with OELVs 39Annex G (informative) Exposure c

16、alculation with a work shift longer than 8h .42Annex H (informative) Exposure below the limit of quantification 44Annex I (informative) Interval for periodic measurements 49Bibliography .512Contents PageBS EN 689:2018EN 689:2018 (E)European forewordThis document (EN 689:2018) has been prepared by Te

17、chnical Committee CEN/TC 137 “Assessment of workplace exposure to chemical and biological agents”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November

18、2018, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2018.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.This docume

19、nt supersedes EN 689:1995.According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic

20、 of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.3BS EN 689:2018EN 689:2018 (E)IntroductionThis Europea

21、n Standard deals with the measurement of exposure to chemical agents in workplace atmospheres, and in particular with measurement strategy for comparing workers exposure by inhalation with occupational exposure limit values (OELVs). Other parts of management of exposure of workers are not dealt with

22、 in detail in this European Standard.Within this European Standard, compliance means that workers time weighted average workplace exposure is below an OELV with a corresponding reference period. OELVs include legal values and other numerical criteria (see Annex B).Representative measurement of workp

23、lace exposure to chemical agents is difficult, because of the variability of exposure. Processes and products affecting exposure are numerous. Different workplace conditions can correspond to different generation rates, can involve a variety of chemical agents and can therefore present specific expo

24、sure conditions. Exposure can be affected by the distance of the exposed workers from emission sources; and parameters such as emission intensity, ventilation, climatic conditions, seasonal variations and the controls applied can also have a very marked influence. The spatial and temporal variabilit

25、ies of exposure conditions are further enhanced by workers practices and activities themselves.The sampling equipment introduces its own limitations, and the analytical steps add further difficulties and uncertainties.This European Standard is applicable for measuring procedures that fulfil the requ

26、irements of EN 482. If a measuring procedure does not fulfil these requirements some parts of the procedure described in this European Standard cannot be applied.To assess the exposure of workers to chemicals and to state with certainty that it does not exceed the OELVs (short-term or long-term) wou

27、ld require measurement of the exposure of every worker for every working day. Unfortunately while this approach is possible for some agents such as ionizing radiation, it is not feasible or practical for many chemical agents due to limitations of the measurement techniques and costs.The strategy des

28、cribed in this European Standard gives a procedure for the employer or other stakeholders to overcome the problem of variability and to use a relatively small number of measurements to demonstrate with a high degree of confidence that workers are unlikely to be exposed to concentrations exceeding th

29、e OELVs. To reduce the number of exposure measurements, and therefore the cost of assessment, personal air samples are collected among workers within similar exposure groups (SEGs). A single measurement or even several measurements below the limit value can be insufficient to reliably demonstrate co

30、mpliance without using a statistical test like the one proposed in this European Standard.Respiratory protective equipment (RPE) is used to reduce the amount of the chemical agent that is inhaled by the worker. However, this European Standard does not take into account the use and effectiveness of R

31、PE in testing compliance with the OELV.Before any measurements are performed, it is essential for an appraiser to conduct a basic characterization in order to collect relevant information on workplace factors, and the available information on exposure in the workplace concerned. This includes inform

32、ation on variation of exposure with time of day and season of the year, so that the measurement is representative.If the basic characterization shows that exposure is probably higher than the OELV, then it is recommended to reduce exposure by risk management measures (RMM) before measurements are pl

33、anned for compliance testing.4BS EN 689:2018EN 689:2018 (E)1 ScopeThis European Standard specifies a strategy to perform representative measurements of exposure by inhalation to chemical agents in order to demonstrate the compliance with occupational exposure limit values (OELVs).This European Stand

34、ard is not applicable to OELVs with reference periods less than 15 min.2 Normative referencesThe following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undate

35、d references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.EN 482, Workplace atmospheres General requirements for the performance of procedures for the measurement of chemical agentsEN 1540, Workplace exposure Terminology3 Terms and definitions and abbreviations3.

36、1 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 1540 and the following apply.ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses: IEC Electropedia: available at http:/www.electropedia.org/ ISO Online brow

37、sing platform: available at http:/www.iso.org/obp3.1.1appraiserperson who is sufficiently trained and experienced in occupational hygiene principles, working and measurement techniques, to conduct the part of the assessment they are performing according to the state of the artNOTE The appraiser may

38、be supported by a team of qualified persons.3.1.2exposure profiledescription of the exposure variations to a chemical agent in relation to the definable series of activities from the periods under considerationNOTE See Annex D.3.1.3similar exposure groupSEGgroup of workers having the same general ex

39、posure profile for the chemical agent(s) being studied because of the similarity and frequency of the tasks performed, the materials and processes with which they work, and the similarity of the way they perform the tasks3.2 AbbreviationsAM arithmetic meanCAS chemical abstracts service5BS EN 689:201

40、8EN 689:2018 (E)DMEL derived minimum effect levelDNEL derived no-effects levelEC number European community numberGSD geometric standard deviationGM geometric meanH hourLOQ limit of quantificationOELV occupational exposure limit valueRPE respiratory protective equipmentRMM risk management measuresSD

41、standard deviationSEG similar exposure groupWS work shift4 GeneralThe assessment of occupational exposure to chemical agents based on air samples requires the development of a strategy including different phases which shall be conducted by an appraiser.The strategy consists of an initial workplace e

42、xposure assessment (described in Clauses 5 and 6) and then periodic reassessment (see Clause 7). The initial workplace exposure assessment comprises different phases: basic characterization of the workplaces; constitution of similar exposure groups; selection of a suitable measuring procedure; perfo

43、rming exposure measurements; validation of exposure measurement results and SEGs; comparison of results with OELVs; reporting of results.The sampling strategy comprises the constitution of SEGs and the definition of measuring procedures. If the initial workplace exposure assessment indicates non-com

44、pliance with OELVs for some SEGs, control measures shall be implemented and a new initial workplace exposure assessment shall be conducted. Following the initial workplace exposure assessment, periodic reassessments shall be conducted. When significant changes occur at the workplace that may affect

45、exposure conditions, the appraiser shall decide whether a new initial workplace exposure assessment shall be conducted.Figure 1 gives a schematic overview of the procedures described in this European Standard.6 BS EN 689:2018EN 689:2018 (E)Figure 1 Schematic overview of the strategy7BS EN 689:2018EN

46、 689:2018 (E)5 Occupational exposure assessment5.1 Basic characterization5.1.1 GeneralPrior to exposure measurements, the workplace and the related exposure profile under consideration shall be considered.The basic characterization of exposure determinants is in three steps: identification of chemic

47、al agents and other information required; review of workplace factors; estimation of exposure.All the information collected during the basic characterization shall be used to: decide whether measurements are necessary or not (see 5.1.4); constitute the different SEGs.Use of exposure monitoring devic

48、es able to give an instant feedback to the user, either as a single or a continuous reading (so called direct-reading instruments), can give valuable information about approximate exposure level, the exposure pattern, and spatial, time and worker variability of the exposure.5.1.2 Identification of c

49、hemical agents and other information requiredThe preparation of a list of all chemical agents in the workplace and the relevant information concerned is an essential first step to the identification of the potential for hazardous exposure. The safety data sheets and other available information are useful to establish the list. The list shall include any of the following: raw materials, primary products, impurities, intermediates, final products, reaction and process products and by-products, etc; the individual chemical agents, identified with che