EN 81-31-2010 en Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts - Lifts for the transport of goods only - Part 31 Accessible goods only lifts《电梯制造与安装安全规范 仅货运电梯 第31部分 仅.pdf

1、BS EN 81-31:2010ICS 91.140.90NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDSafety rules for theconstruction andinstallation of lifts Lifts for the transportof goods onlyPart 31: Accessible goods only liftsThis British Standardwas published under theauthority o

2、f the StandardsPolicy and StrategyCommittee on 30 June2010 BSI 2010ISBN 978 0 580 57077 3Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN 81-31:2010National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 81-31:2010.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted t

3、o TechnicalCommittee MHE/4, Lifts, hoists and escalators.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Complian

4、ce with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.BS EN 81-31:2010EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 81-31 April 2010 ICS 91.140.90 English Version Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts - Lifts for the transport of goods only - Part 31: A

5、ccessible goods only liftsRgles de scurit pour la construction et linstallation des lvateurs - Elvateurs pour le transport dobjets seulement - Partie 31: Monte charge accessibles Sicherheitsregeln fr die Konstruktion und den Einbau von Aufzgen - Aufzge fr den Gtertransport - Teil 31: Betretbare Gter

6、aufzge This European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 February 2010. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliograph

7、ical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a C

8、EN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,

9、Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marn

10、ix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 81-31:2010: EBS EN 81-31:2010EN 81-31:2010 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 40 Introduction 50.1 General 50.2 Principles 50.3 Assumptions 61 Scope 82 Normative

11、 references 93 Terms, definitions, units and symbols 113.1 Terms and definitions .113.2 Units and symbols .174 List of significant hazards 175 Safety requirements and/or protective measures 205.1 General 205.2 Lift well 215.3 Machinery spaces 275.4 Landing doors 305.5 Load carrying unit, counterweig

12、ht and balancing weight .345.6 Suspension, uncontrolled movement and overspeed protection 385.7 Guiding systems, mechanical stops and final limit switches .455.8 Lift machine 485.9 Electric installations and appliances .495.10 Protection against electric faults; controls; priorities .546 Verificatio

13、n of the safety requirements and/or protective measures .626.1 Verification and tests 626.2 Verification of design 626.3 Verification tests before putting into service .647 Information for use 657.1 Notices, markings and operating instructions .657.2 Vendor information for use .69Annex A (normative)

14、 List of the electric safety devices .75Annex B (normative) Unlocking triangle 77Annex C (informative) Technical dossier 78C.1 General 78C.2 Technical details and plans 78C.3 Electric and hydraulic schematic diagrams79Annex D (normative) Examinations and tests before putting into service .80D.1 Exam

15、inations .80D.2 Tests and verifications 80Annex E (informative) Periodical examinations and tests, examinations and tests after an important modification or after an accident .84E.1 Periodical examinations and tests .84E.2 Examinations and tests after an important modification or after an accident 8

16、4Annex F (normative) Safety components Test procedures for verification of conformity 86F.1 Introduction 86F.2 Landing door locking devices 87BS EN 81-31:2010EN 81-31:2010 (E) 3 F.3 Safety gear . 91F.4 Rope driven overspeed governors 94F.5 Safety circuits containing electronic components 96F.6 Ruptu

17、re valve/one-way restrictor 98Annex G (normative) Requirements for traction, positive or hydraulic driving systems . 103G.1 Traction and positive drive . 103G.2 Hydraulic drive . 105Annex H (informative) Construction of walls of lift well and landing doors facing a load carrying unit entrance 114Ann

18、ex I (normative) Calculations of rams, cylinder and pipes 115I.1 Calculations against over pressure . 115I.2 Calculations of the jacks against buckling . 118Annex J (informative) Information to the user/owner of an accessible goods only lift . 125J.1 General . 125J.2 Means of access to machinery spa

19、ce entrance of the accessible goods only lift . 125J.3 Maintenance work carried out from a step of a ladder 125J.4 Lighting and socket outlets 126J.5 Local lighting of openings at landings 126Annex K (normative) Electronic components Failure exclusion 127Annex L (normative) Reduced clearances in hea

20、droom and pit 134L.1 General . 134L.2 Reduced top clearances . 134L.3 Reduced bottom clearances 138Annex M (normative) Examination of pre-triggered stopping system 143M.1 General . 143M.2 General provisions 143M.3 Statement and test samples . 143M.4 Laboratory tests 144M.5 Calculation . 145M.6 Test

21、report 147Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC 148Bibliography 149BS EN 81-31:2010EN 81-31:2010 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 81-31:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 10 “Lifts, escalators a

22、nd moving walks”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by Oc

23、tober 2010. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the Europe

24、an Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. This standard is a part of the EN 81 series of standards, which covers safety ru

25、les for the construction and installation of lifts. See CEN/TR 81-10. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark

26、, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 81-31:2010EN 81-31:2010 (E) 5 0 Introduction 0.1 General 0

27、.1.1 The object of this European Standard is to give safety rules related to the construction and installation of accessible goods only lifts, with a view to safeguarding persons and objects against the risk of accidents associated with the use, maintenance and emergency operation of accessible good

28、s only lifts. This document is a type C standard as specified in EN ISO 12100-1. The accessible goods only lift installation concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are indicated in the scope of this document. When provisions of this type C standard are

29、 different to those, which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard. 0.1.2 The following are to be safegua

30、rded: a) persons such as: 1) operators and users; 2) maintenance personnel; 3) persons in the near vicinity, outside the accessible goods only lift well, the machine room/spaces and pulley room/spaces (if any); b) objects such as components of the accessible goods only lift installation and load ins

31、ide the load carrying unit; c) building parts (see 0.2.5) such as those parts of the building which are directly associated with the accessible goods only lift. 0.2 Principles 0.2.1 In drawing up this European Standard the following have been used: 0.2.2 This European Standard does not repeat all th

32、e general technical rules applicable to every electrical, mechanical, or building construction including the protection of building elements against fire. 0.2.3 This European Standard addresses the essential safety requirements of the Machinery Directive including those related to the well and machi

33、nery spaces, excluding any other requirement for the building. There can be in some countries regulations for the construction of buildings, etc,. which cannot be ignored. Typical clauses affected by this are those defining minimum values for the height of the machine and pulley rooms and for their

34、access doors dimensions. 0.2.4 When the weight, size and/or shape of components of the machinery prevent them from being moved by hand, they are either: a) fitted with attachments for lifting gear; or b) designed so that they can be fitted with such attachments (e.g. by means of threaded holes); or

35、BS EN 81-31:2010EN 81-31:2010 (E) 6 c) shaped in such a way that standard lifting gear can easily be attached. 0.2.5 Negotiations have been made between the parties involved and decisions have been taken, particularly about: a) the intended use of the accessible goods only lift and its limits; b) en

36、vironmental conditions, including surrounding lighting; c) compliance of the civil engineering with the requirements of this European Standard for those parts of the installation, which belong to the building and are not provided by the manufacturer. 0.3 Assumptions 0.3.1 Risks have been considered

37、for each component that may be incorporated in a complete accessible goods only lift installation. Rules have been drawn up accordingly to mitigate such risks. 0.3.2 Components are: a) designed in accordance with usual engineering practice and calculation codes, taking into account all failure modes

38、; b) of sound mechanical and electrical construction; c) made of materials with adequate strength and of suitable quality. Harmful materials, such as asbestos, are not used. 0.3.3 The machine is kept in good repair and working order, so that the initial safety level is maintained. 0.3.4 The IP code

39、of electrical components is selected in relation with the intended use where not specified in this European Standard in accordance with EN 60529. 0.3.5 By design of the load bearing elements, a safe operation of the accessible goods only lift is assured for loads ranging from 0 % to 100 % of the rat

40、ed load, including provisions for taking into account possible overloading. 0.3.6 The requirements of this European Standard regarding electric safety devices are such that the possibility of a failure of an electric safety device complying with all the requirements of the standard needs not to be t

41、aken into consideration. 0.3.7 A user may, in certain cases, make one imprudent act. The possibility of two simultaneous acts of imprudence and/or the abuse of instructions for use is not considered. 0.3.8 If in the course of maintenance work a safety device, normally not accessible to the user, is

42、deliberately neutralised, safe operation of the accessible goods only lift is no longer assured, but compensatory measures will be taken to ensure safety of all persons in conformity with maintenance instructions according to EN 13015. It is assumed that maintenance personnel are instructed and work

43、 according to the instructions. 0.3.9 For horizontal forces, the following have been used: a) static force: minimum 300 N; b) force resulting from impact: minimum 1 000 N, reflecting the values that one person can exert. BS EN 81-31:2010EN 81-31:2010 (E) 7 Higher values need to be taken into account

44、 where powered or hand powered means for loading and unloading are intended to be used (see 0.2.5). 0.3.10 With the exception of the items listed below, a mechanical device built according to good practice and the requirements of the standard will not deteriorate to a point of creating hazard withou

45、t the possibility of detection as long as regular and periodical examinations, tests and maintenance are carried out according to the instruction manual delivered with the installation. The following mechanical failures, where applicable, are considered in the requirements: a) breakage of the suspen

46、sion; b) uncontrolled slipping of the ropes on the traction sheave; c) breakage and slackening of all linkage by auxiliary ropes, chains and belts; d) failure of one of the mechanical components of the electromechanical brake which takes part in the application of the braking action on the drum or d

47、isk; e) failure of a component associated with the main drive elements and the traction sheave; f) rupture in the hydraulic system (jack excluded). 0.3.11 When the speed of the load carrying unit is linked to the electrical frequency of the mains up to the moment of application of the mechanical bra

48、ke, the speed is assumed not to exceed 115 % of the rated speed or a corresponding fractional speed. 0.3.12 When the device according to 5.2.14 is provided, the organisation within the building, where the accessible goods only lift is installed, is such that it can respond effectively to emergency calls without undue delay (see 0.2.5). 0.3.13 Means of access are provided for the hoisting of heavy equipment (see 0.2.5). 0.3.14 To ensure the correct functioning of the equipment in the machinery spaces, the ambient temperature in these spaces is assumed to be maintained between + 5 C and + 40 C