1、 STD.BS1 BS EN 993-7-ENGL 2000 I 3rh24hb9 0873785 739 BRITISH STANDARD Methods of test for dense shaped refractory products - Part 7: Determination of modulus of rupture at elevated temperatures The European Standard EN 993-71998 has the status of a British standard ICs 81.080 BS EN BS 1902-4.5:2000
2、 993-7:2000 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW STDOBSI BS EN 993-7-ENGL 2000 1111 1624669 0873786 675 E BS EN 993-7:2000 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Committee for Materiais and Chemicals, was published under the au
3、thority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 September 2000 National foreword ”his British Standard is the officiai English language version of EN 993-7 1998. It supersedes BS 19024.51984 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committ
4、ee RPI/l, Refractory products and materials, to Subcommittee RPVlA, Sampling and physical testing of refractory materials, which has the responsibility to: - aid enquirers to understand the text; - present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the - monitor related international and
5、 European developments and promulgate interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement internationa
6、l or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled ?ntemational Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the ES1 Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all t
7、he necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title p
8、age, pages 2 to 12, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued Amendments issued since publication Comments Amd*No. lDde O BSI 09-2000 ISBN O 580 30850 2 STD.BSI BS EN 993-7-ENGL 2000 Lb24bb9 0872787 501, EUR
9、OPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPEENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 993-7 September 1998 ICs 81 .O80 English version Methods of test for dense shaped refractory products - Part 7: Determination of modulus of rupture at elevated temperatures Mthodes dessai pour produits rfractaires faonns denses - Partie 7: Dterminat
10、ion du module de rupture tempratures levbes Prufverfahren fur dichte geformte feuerfeste Erzeugnisse - Teil 7: Bestimmung der Biegefestigkeit bei erhhten Temperaturen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 4 September 1998. CEN members are bound to comply with the CENICENELEC Internal Regulat
11、ions which stipulate the conditions for giving this Europsen Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-todate lists and bibliographical references concerning sich national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This Europ
12、ean Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by traislation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and noWied to the Central Secretariat has the same status as tie official versions. CEN members are the nationa
13、l standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITE EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMI
14、TEE FOR NORMUNG Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart, 36 8-1050 Brussels Q 1998 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 993-7:1998 E STDnBSI BS EN 993-7-ENGL 2000 Lb24bb9 087L788 448 Page 2 EN 993-7: 1998 Contents Page Fore
15、word 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Definitions 4 Principle 5 Apparatus 6 Test pieces 7 Procedure 8 Calculation and expression of results 9 Test report Annex A (normative) Measurement of temperature distribution in the test piece 3 5 5 5 6 6 7 8 9 10 12 O BSI 09-2000 STD-BSI BS EN 993-7-ENGL 2000
16、= 3h24bh9 0873787 384 = Page 3 EN 993-711998 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CENTC 187, Reffactory products and materials, the Secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication
17、of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 1999, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 1999. It is closely based on the corresponding International Standard, IS0 5013, Shaped reflactory products -Determination of modulus of rupture at elevat
18、ed temperatures, published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Reproducibility and repeatability data are not available at present but can be included in a subsequent edition. EN 993, Methods of test for dense shaped reflactory products, consists of the following parts: - Pa
19、rt 1: Determination of bulk density, apparent porosity and true porosi - Part 4: Determination ofpermeability to gases; - Part 5: Determination of cold crushing strength; - Part 6: Determination of modulus of rupture at ambient temperatures; - Part 7: Determination of modulus of rupture at elevated
20、temperatures; - Part 8: Determination of reflactoriness-under-load - Part 9: Determination of creep in compression; - Part 1 O: Determination ofpermanent change in dimensions on heating - Part 1 I: Determination of resistance to thermal shock (ENV); - Part 12: Determination ofpyrometric cone equival
21、ent (reflactoriness); - Part 13: Specification for pyrometric reference cones for laboratory use, - Part 14: Determination of thermal conductivity by the hot-wire (cross-array) method - Part 15: Determination of thermal conductivity by the hot-wire barallel) method - Part 16: Determination of resist
22、ance to sulfuric acid - Part 17: Determination of bulk density of granular materials by the mercury method with vacuum; - Part 18: Determination of bulk density of granular materials by the water method with vacuum; - Part 19: Determination of resistance to thermal expansion; - Part 20: Determinatio
23、n of resistance to abrasion at ambient temperature. Q BSI 09-2000 STD.BSI BS EN 993-7-ENGL 2000 H Lb24bh9 0871790 OTb H Page 4 EN 993-7:1998 According to the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard
24、: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. 6 BSI 09-2000 STD-BSI BS EN 993-7-ENGL 2000 0 Lb24hh9 0871791 T32 Page 5 EN 993-7: 1998 1 Scope This E
25、uropean Standard specifies a method for the determination of the modulus of rupture of dense and insulating shaped refractory products at elevated temperatures, under conditions of a constant rate of increase of stress. A method for determination of the same property at ambient temperature is given
26、in EN 993-6. NOTE The method relates primarily to fired refiactories. If it is to be applied to chemically bonded or tar-bonded bricks (see EN 993-3 for guidance), the bricks will usually require some form of preliminary heat treatment. This preliminary treatment should be agreed between the interes
27、ted parties and should be stated in the test report. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated references, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. Fo
28、r dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 993-3, Methods of test for dense shaped r
29、efiactory products -Part 3: Test methods for carbon-containing refiactories. EN 993-6, Methods of test for dense shaped refiactory products - Part 6: Determination of modulus of rupture at ambient temperature. EN 60584-1, Thermocouples - Part I: Reference tables (IEC 60584-1 : 1995). 3 Definitions F
30、or the purposes of this standard, the following definitions apply. 3.1 modulus of rupture maximum transverse stress that a prismatic test piece of specified dimensions can withstand when it is bent in a three-point loading device 3.2 test temperature temperature at the mid-point of the tensile face
31、of the test piece (see 5.3) Q BSI 09-2000 STD.BSI BS EN 993-7-ENGL 2000 = Lb24bb9 0873792 979 m Page 6 EN 993-7: 1998 4 Principle Test pieces taken fi-om items (bricks) are heated to the test temperature. After being maintained at this temperature until a specified temperature distribution is reache
32、d, the test pieces are loaded at a constant rate of increase of tensile stress until failure occurs. 5 Apparatus 5.1 Loading device. 5.1.1 The loading device shall have two bearing edges to support the test piece and one for the application of the load. The three bearing edges shall be parallel to e
33、ach other. For normal test pieces, the distance between the bearing edges supporting the test piece shall be 125 mm f2 mm, with proportionate separations for other test piece lengths (see 6.2). The load bearing edge shall be placed centrally between the two supporting bearing edges to an accuracy of
34、f 2 mm (see Figure 1). The bearing edges and test pieces shall be free from any reaction on contact at the test temperature. 5.1.2 The bearing edges shall have a length at least 5 mm greater than the breadth of the test pieces and a radius of curvature of 5 mm f 1 mm. Since the bearing edges become
35、flattened with use, they shall be examined periodically to ensure that their radii remain within these limits. 5.1.3 The distance between the two supporting bearing edges (see Figure 1) shall be measured at room temperature to an accuracy of f0,5 mm. NOTE This value is taken into account in the calc
36、ulation of the modulus of rupture. 5.1.4 The loading device shall be capable of applying a load uniformly across the centre of the test piece and of increasing it at a constant rate. Means shall be provided for recording or indicating the load at failure to an accuracy of f2 %. 5.2 Furnace. 5.2.1 Th
37、e frnace shall be one of the following types: a) batch type, in which a number of test pieces is heated to the test temperature together and b) sequential type, in which the test pieces are heated to the test temperature one after tested in turn; another as they pass through the apparatus. 5.2.2 In
38、either case, the furnace shall be capable of providing the temperature control and the overall heating of both the loading device and the test pieces, as required by 7.1. 5.2.3 The atmosphere in the furnace shall be air or some other specified gas, as agreed between the parties concerned in the test
39、. 8 BSI 09-2000 STDOBSI BS EN 993-7-ENGL 2000 Lb24669 0871793 805 m Page 7 EN 993-711998 5.3 Temperature measuring device. 5.3.1 The temperature of a test piece shall be measured using a calibrated thermocouple located in the proximity of the midpoint of the tensile face of the test piece. 5.3.2 The
40、 difference between the temperature measured by the thermocouple and the temperature at the midpoint of the tensile face shall first be established and shall be checked periodically in accordance with the procedure given in annex A. 5.4 Drying oven. 5.5 Callipers, capable of measuring to an accuracy
41、 of +O, 1 mm for measuring the test piece dimensions. 5.6 Thermocouple, in accordance with EN 60584-1. 6 Test pieces 6.1 Number The number of test pieces to be tested for each item (brick) at each test temperature shall be agreed between the interested parties and shall be the same for each item; it
42、 shall be stated in the test report. 6.2 Shape and size 6.2.1 Unless otherwise agreed, the test piece shall be a rectangular bar with a cross-section of 25 mm * 1 mm x 25 mm f 1 mm and a length of about 150 mm. The longitudinal faces of each test piece shall be parallel to each other within a tolera
43、nce of *0,5 mm and the sides of a cross-section of the test piece shall be parallel to each other within *0,2 mm. Care shall be taken to ensure that the test pieces have smooth surfaces and clean edges. If other sizes of test piece are to be used, the dimensions shall be altered in steps of 5 mm, wi
44、th a minimum of 100 mm for the length and a minimum of 10 mm for the width and for the height. NOTE The formula given in clause 8 is only valid for test pieces that are of a slender shape. It is therefore recommended that the ratio of the height (h) and width (b) of the test piece and the ratio of t
45、he height of the test piece to the distance between the supports (L,) should be the following: h1 h1 - and - Ls 4 b3 These are empirical values that have resulted from a study of several publications describing the influence of the dimensions of the test piece on the determination of the modulus of
46、rupture. Q BSI 09-2000 STD-BSI BS EN 773-7-ENGL 2000 m Lb24bb7 O873774 741, H Page 8 EN 993-7: 1998 6.2.2 The width and height of the cold test piece shall be measured at its midpoint with an accuracy of *0,1 mm. NOTE These values are taken into account in the calculation of the modulus of rupture.
47、6.3 Preparation 6.3.1 If the direction in which the brick was pressed is known, each test piece shall be cut out of the brick in such a way that the upper longitudinal face in the testing position (the face in compression) coincides with or was parallel to one of the original faces of the brick perp
48、endicular to the direction of pressing. No other longitudinal face of a test piece shall include the original skin of the brick. NOTE Cutting with a continuous rim diamond wheel is recommended. If a wheel with a serrated rim is used, the edges of the cut where the wheel emerges are often frayed. It
49、is therefore recommended that in such a case, the wheel should enter the face of the brick that is to form the tensile faces of the test pieces during the test. 6.3.2 The direction of pressing, if known, shall be marked on each test piece. 6.3.3 The test pieces shall be dried at 110 “C f 5 “C to constant mass. 7 Procedure 7.1 Heating 7.1.1 The test temperature shall be as agreed between the interested parties. It is recommended that multiples of 100 “C should be used (e.g. 1 O00 OC, 1 100 OC, ), but if necessary multiples of 50 “C may be u
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