EN 14372-2004 en Child use and care articles - Cutlery and feeding utensils - Safety requirements and tests《儿童保育用品 刀叉和喂养工具 安全要求和试验》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 14372:2004 Child use and care articles Cutlery and feeding utensils Safety requirements and tests The European Standard EN 14372:2004 has the status of a British Standard ICS 97.190 BS EN 14372:2004 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Polic

2、y and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2004 BSI 30 November 2004 ISBN 0 580 44913 0 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 14372:2004. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee CW/42, Baby soothers, soother holders,

3、which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the s

4、ection entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application

5、. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor

6、related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 25 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last is

7、sued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM EN14372 August2004 ICS97.190 Englishversion ChilduseandcarearticlesCutleryandfeedingutensils Safetyrequirementsandtests ArticlesdepuricultureCouvertsetvaisselleExigences descuritetessais Ar

8、tikelfrSuglingeundKleinkinderBesteckund GeschirrSicherheitstechnischeAnforderungenund Prfungen ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon30April2004. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwitho

9、utanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheCentralSecretariatortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofa

10、CENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheCentralSecretariathasthesamestatusast heofficial versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,Cyprus,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Estonia,Finland,France, Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlan

11、ds,Norway,Poland,Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2004CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwidefo

12、rCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.EN14372:2004:EEN 14372:2004 (E) 2 Contents Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Examples of cutlery and feeding utensils.6 5 Requirements.8 5.1 General8 5.2 General requirements8 5.2.1 Visual and tactile examination .8

13、5.2.2 Sharp points .8 5.2.3 Sharp edges .8 5.2.4 Small parts9 5.2.5 Holes (Finger traps).9 5.2.6 Printed decorations .9 5.3 Mechanical requirements10 5.3.1 Tensile strength .10 5.3.2 Torque test .10 5.3.3 Tear resistance.10 5.3.4 Strength/rigidity .10 5.3.5 Drop test .10 5.4 Chemical requirements .1

14、0 5.4.1 General10 5.4.2 Chemical properties 10 6 Test methods12 6.1 Preparation of samples and general testing conditions12 6.2 Mechanical tests 12 6.2.1 Sharp points test12 6.2.2 Sharp edges test12 6.2.3 Tensile test .12 6.2.4 Tear resistance test .13 6.2.5 Strength/rigidity .13 6.3 Chemical tests1

15、5 6.3.1 Determination of the migration of certain elements 15 6.3.2 Determination of phthalate content .15 6.3.3 Determination of volatile compounds content .17 6.3.4 Determination of formaldehyde release 17 6.3.5 Determination of nickel release17 6.3.6 Determination of 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propa

16、ne Bisphenol A (BPA) release .17 7 Product information.19 7.1 General19 7.2 Purchase information19 7.3 Instruction for use .19 7.4 Warnings.20 Annex A (informative) Suitable Gas ChromatographyMass Spectrometry (GC-MS) apparatus, method and precision data for determination of phthalate plasticisers21

17、 Annex B (informative) Suitable HPLC apparatus and method for the determination of 2,2-bis(4- hydroxyphenyl)propane Bisphenol A (BPA) 23 Bibliography 25 EN 14372:2004 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 14372:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 252 “Child use and care articles”, the s

18、ecretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2005. According

19、 to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,

20、Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. EN 14372:2004 (E) 4 Introduction This document establishes minimum safety requirements and specifies appropriate test methods for childrens cutlery and feeding utensils. C

21、hildrens cutlery and feeding utensils are used by either the carer to feed the child or by the child itself, from the average age of weaning (6 months) to 3 years of age. Children over three years of age increasingly use cutlery and utensils designed for adults. Accordingly, this document addresses

22、the potential hazard(s) arising from the use of cutlery and feeding utensils designed for the use of children aged up to 3 years, with or without parental supervision. However, it is stressed that this document cannot eliminate all possible risks to young children up to 3 years of age using such pro

23、ducts and that parental or guardian control is of paramount importance. It is essential that the manufacturer gives all warnings and instructions specified in this document clearly, to allow the consumer to ensure the product is used correctly and safely. A significant choking hazard can arise if co

24、mponents of cutlery or feeding utensils become separated during use. This hazard is addressed in this document by the inclusion of security tests. This document also addresses the potential hazard(s) arising from the release of one or more substances, in quantities which could be considered detrimen

25、tal to health, from the material(s), used in the construction of cutlery and feeding utensils. It is noted that all plastic components of cutlery and feeding utensils are regulated by the Commission Directive 2002/72/EC 1 relating to plastics materials and articles intended to come into contact with

26、 foodstuff. It is further noted that Council Directive 89/109/EEC 2 approximates laws of the Member States relating to materials and articles intended to come into contact with foodstuff. Where applicable, Council Directive 82/711/EEC 3 and related amendments (93/8/EEC and 97/48/EC) laying down the

27、basic rules necessary for testing migration of the constituents of plastic materials and articles intended to come into contact with foodstuff has been applied as has Council Directive 85/572/EEC 4 relating to the list of simulants to be used for testing migration of constituents of plastic material

28、s and articles intended to come into contact with foodstuff. It is also noted that the European Parliament and Council Directive 94/27/EC 5 regulates nickel release permitted from jewellery and items in contact with the skin. It is noted that Council Directive 84/500/EEC 6 relates to ceramic article

29、s intended to come into contact with foodstuff. Commission Decision 99/815/EC 7 prohibits the placing on the market of toys and childcare articles made of soft PVC (containing one or more of six specific phthalate plasticisers) and which are intended to be placed in the mouth by children under three

30、 years of age. It is recommended that manufacturers and suppliers operate to EN ISO 9001 8 standard for quality management systems. EN 14372:2004 (E) 5 1 Scope This document specifies safety requirements relating to the materials, construction, performance, packaging and labelling of cutlery and fee

31、ding utensils. All products which are intended to be used by a child aged up to 36 months to eat by itself or with the assistance of another person are included in the scope of this document. This includes products which have a different primary function, but have a secondary function intended to al

32、low a child to use the product to eat by itself or with the assistance of another person. It does not apply to pre-prepared food containers, or to cutlery and feeding utensils designed for specialist medical applications or for use under medical supervision. It includes test methods for the mechanic

33、al and chemical requirements specified and requirements relating to the instructions of use. There are some products designed as a toy or with features that resemble a toy. These products shall additionally meet the relevant requirements of EN 71. This document is not applicable for drinking equipme

34、nt (feeding bottles, teats, spouts, and cups) which is covered by EN 14350-1 and EN 14350-2. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edit

35、ion of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 71-1, Safety of toys - Part 1: Mechanical and physical properties. EN 71-3, Safety of toys - Part 3: Migration of certain elements. EN 1811, Reference test method for release of nickel from products intended to come into direct an

36、d prolonged contact with the skin. EN ISO 2409, Paints and varnishes - Cross-cut test (ISO 2409:1992) EN ISO 4614, Plastics - Melamine-formaldehyde mouldings - Determination of extractable formaldehyde (ISO 4614:1977). 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms an

37、d definitions apply. 3.1 cutlery implements used for eating such as knives, forks, spoons and food pushers 3.2 feeding utensils implements or containers used for feeding children such as plates and bowls 3.3 suction pad component of a feeding utensil intended to adhere or secure the utensil to a sur

38、face EN 14372:2004 (E) 6 4 Examples of cutlery and feeding utensils Examples of cutlery and feeding utensils are shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3. Key A Spoon B Fork C Knife D1 Food pusher top view D2 Food pusher front view D3 Food pusher side view Figure 1 Examples of cutlery EN 14372:2004 (E) 7 Key A 1

39、 Bowl side view A 2 Bowl top view B 1 Plate side view B 2 Plate top view C 1 Keep-warm plate side view C 2 Keep-warm plate top view C 3 Removable plug on keep-warm plate D 1 Weaning bowl side view D 2 Weaning bowl top view Figure 2 Examples of feeding utensils EN 14372:2004 (E) 8 Key A 1 Feeding ute

40、nsil with suction pad side view A 2 Feeding utensil top view B 1 Suction pad side view B 2 Suction pad top view B 3 Suction pad release tab Figure 3 Example of a feeding utensil with separate suction pad 5 Requirements 5.1 General All materials of construction shall comply with the requirements in t

41、his document. 5.2 General requirements 5.2.1 Visual and tactile examination All components of cutlery and feeding utensils when assembled for use, shall be free from points and edges which are likely to cause injury. The article shall be free from splinters, burrs and flash. 5.2.2 Sharp points Acces

42、sible points shall not be sharp points as determined in accordance with 6.2.1. 5.2.3 Sharp edges Accessible edges shall not be sharp edges as determined in accordance with 6.2.2. EN 14372:2004 (E) 9 5.2.4 Small parts When inserted into a small parts cylinder (see Figure 4), no component part of test

43、ed sample shall fit entirely within the cylinder in any orientation and without compression. Dimensions in millimetres Figure 4 Small parts cylinder 5.2.5 Holes (Finger traps) To avoid entrapment of fingers there shall be no accessible hole which allows the insertion of a 5,5 mm diameter rod, unless

44、 the accessible hole also allows the insertion of a 12 mm diameter rod or has a penetration of less than 10 mm. This requirement applies only to components made of materials with a Shore A hardness of more than 60 IRHDs. NOTE Circular holes not meeting this requirement present a risk of restricting

45、blood circulation. Also, non-circular holes with acute V-shaped angles or inward facing angles that are not well rounded should be avoided. 5.2.6 Printed decorations When tested in accordance with EN ISO 2409, no print from decoration shall be removed from any product. Adhesive labels shall not be u

46、sed. EN 14372:2004 (E) 10 5.3 Mechanical requirements 5.3.1 Tensile strength All products with more than one component and which are intended to be held by a child shall be tested as described in 6.2.3. No component shall break, tear or separate during this test. 5.3.2 Torque test If a component can

47、 be gripped between thumb and forefinger, it shall be torque tested according to EN 71-1. No component shall break, tear or separate during this test. 5.3.3 Tear resistance Components produced out of materials with a Shore A hardness of less than 60 IRHDs but excluding suction pads shall be tested a

48、s described in 6.2.4. The tested component shall not break, tear or separate during the subsequent tensile test. 5.3.4 Strength/rigidity When tested in accordance with 6.2.5, no component of cutlery shall break, tear or separate. 5.3.5 Drop test All products shall be tested in accordance with EN 71-1. If the product breaks, a warning shall be provided as given in 7.4. 5.4 Chemical requirements 5.4.1 General Materials used for the manufacture of cutlery and feeding utensils shall be subjected to the tests l