EN 14607-8-2004 4073 Space engineering - Mechanical - Part 8 Materials《航天工程 机械 第8部分 材料》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARD AEROSPACE SERIES BS EN 14607-8:2004 Space engineering Mechanical Part 8: Materials The European Standard EN 14607-8:2004 has the status of a British Standard ICS 49.140 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Thu Jun 16 07:22:24 BST 2005, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 14607-8:2004 This Briti

2、sh Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 15 April 2005 BSI 15 April 2005 ISBN 0 580 45852 0 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 14607-8:2004. The UK participation in its preparation was entruste

3、d to Technical Committee ACE/68, Space systems and operations, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to

4、 in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions o

5、f a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or pro

6、posals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 33 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice dis

7、played in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Thu Jun 16 07:22:24 BST 2005, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM EN146078 August2004 ICS49.140 Englishver

8、sion SpaceengineeringMechanicalPart8:Materials IngnieriespatialeMcaniquePartie8:Matriaux RaumfahrttechnikMechanikTeil8:Werkstoffe ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon27June2003. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standar

9、dthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheCentralSecretariatortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra

10、nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheCentralSecretariathasthesamestatusast heofficial versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,Cyprus,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Estonia,Finland,France, Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Li

11、thuania,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Poland,Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2004CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyfor

12、mandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.EN146078:2004:E Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Thu Jun 16 07:22:24 BST 2005, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 14607-8:2004 (E) 2 Contents page Foreword 4 1 Scope.5 2 Normative references.5 3 Terms and definitions and abbreviated terms 5 3.1 Ter

13、ms and definitions 5 3.2 Abbreviated terms6 4 Requirements7 4.1 General 7 4.1.1 Overview7 4.1.2 Applicability 7 4.1.3 Controlling documentation .7 4.2 Mission 7 4.3 Functionality .7 4.3.1 Strength.7 4.3.2 Elastic modulus 7 4.3.3 Fatigue.8 4.3.4 Fracture toughness8 4.3.5 Creep8 4.3.6 Micro-yielding .

14、8 4.3.7 Coefficient of thermal expansion and coefficient of moisture expansion .8 4.3.8 Stress corrosion .9 4.3.9 Corrosion fatigue9 4.3.10 Hydrogen embrittlement9 4.3.11 Mechanical contact surface effects10 4.4 Mission constraints10 4.4.1 General 10 4.4.2 Temperature10 4.4.3 Thermal cycling 10 4.4.

15、4 Vacuum (outgassing).11 4.4.5 Manned environment .11 4.4.6 Offgassing, toxicity and odour .11 4.4.7 Bacterial and fungus growth.11 4.4.8 Flammability11 4.4.9 Astronaut spacesuits.12 4.4.10 Radiation .12 4.4.11 Electrical charge and discharge .12 4.4.12 Lightning strike.13 4.4.13 Chemical (corrosion

16、)13 4.4.14 Fluid compatibility13 4.4.15 Galvanic compatibility .13 4.4.16 Atomic oxygen13 4.4.17 Micrometeoroids and debris .14 4.4.18 Moisture absorption and desorption14 4.5 Interfaces.14 4.5.1 General 14 4.5.2 Passivation layers 14 4.5.3 Anodizing 14 4.5.4 Chemical conversion .15 4.5.5 Metallic c

17、oatings (overlay and diffusion).15 4.5.6 Hard coatings15 4.5.7 High temperature oxidation protective coatings 16 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Thu Jun 16 07:22:24 BST 2005, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 14607-8:2004 (E) 3 4.5.8 Thermal barriers .16 4.5.9 Moisture barriers 16 4.5.10 Diffusion barriers1

18、6 4.5.11 Coatings on CFRP 16 4.6 Joining .17 4.6.1 General 17 4.6.2 Mechanical fastening .17 4.6.3 Adhesive bonding.17 4.6.4 Fusion 18 4.7 Design19 4.7.1 General 19 4.7.2 Material design allowables 19 4.7.3 Metal design allowables.19 4.7.4 Composite design allowables .20 4.7.5 Composite sandwich con

19、structions.20 4.7.6 Aluminium .21 4.7.7 Steel .21 4.7.8 Titanium.22 4.7.9 Magnesium alloys.22 4.7.10 Beryllium and beryllium alloys22 4.7.11 Mercury22 4.7.12 Refractory alloys.22 4.7.13 Superalloys .23 4.7.14 Other metals23 4.7.15 Castings.23 4.7.16 Forgings 23 4.7.17 Glass and ceramics23 4.7.18 Cer

20、amic Matrix Composites CMC (including carbon-carbon) 23 4.7.19 Polymers (thermosets and thermoplastics) 23 4.7.20 Rubbers (excluding adhesive rubbers)24 4.7.21 Lubricants .24 4.7.22 Thermal control insulants (including ablative materials).25 4.7.23 Optical materials.25 4.8 Verification 25 4.8.1 Gene

21、ral 25 4.8.2 Metallic materials25 4.8.3 Composite materials laminates26 4.8.4 Mechanical and physical test methods26 4.8.5 Test methods on metals 26 4.8.6 Test methods on composites27 4.8.7 Non-destructive inspection (NDI)28 4.8.8 Proof testing29 4.9 Production and manufacture.29 4.9.1 General 29 4.

22、9.2 Procurement29 4.9.3 Manufacturer.29 4.9.4 Supplier .29 4.10 In-service .29 4.10.1 General 29 4.10.2 Maintenance30 4.10.3 Inspection30 4.10.4 Repair.30 4.11 Data exchange 30 4.12 Product assurance .31 4.13 Deliverables.32 Bibliography.33 Tables Table 1 Document requirements for materials 32 Licen

23、sed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Thu Jun 16 07:22:24 BST 2005, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 14607-8:2004 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 14607-8:2004) has been prepared by CMC. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorseme

24、nt, at the latest by February 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2005. It is based on a previous version 1 ) originally prepared by the ECSS Mechanical Engineering Standard Working Group, reviewed by the ECSS Technical Panel and approved by the ECSS

25、 Steering Board. The European Cooperation for Space Standardization (ECSS) is a cooperative effort of the European Space Agency, National Space Agencies and European industry associations for the purpose of developing and maintaining common standards. This document is one of the series of space stan

26、dards intended to be applied together for the management, engineering and product assurance in space projects and applications. Requirements in this document are defined in terms of what shall be accomplished, rather than in terms of how to organize and perform the necessary work. This allows existi

27、ng organizational structures and methods to be applied where they are effective, and for the structures and methods to evolve as necessary without rewriting the standards. EN 14607 Space engineering - Mechanical is published in 8 Parts: Part 1: Thermal control Part 2: Structural Part 3: Mechanisms P

28、art 4: ECLS Part 5: Propulsion Part 5.1: Liquid and electric propulsion for spacecraft Part 5.2: Solid propulsion for spacecraft, solid and liquid propulsion for launchers Part 6: Pyrotechnics Part 7: Mechanical parts Part 8: Materials According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national

29、standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portuga

30、l, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. 1 ) ECSS-E-30 Part 8A. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Thu Jun 16 07:22:24 BST 2005, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 14607-8:2004 (E) 5 1 Scope EN 14607 Part 8 of Space engineering - Mechanical defines the mechanical engineering requir

31、ements for materials. This document also encompasses the effects of the natural and induced environments to which materials used for space applications can be subjected. This document defines requirements for the establishment of the required mechanical and physical properties of the materials inclu

32、ding the effects of the environmental conditions, material selection, procurement, production and verification. Verification includes destructive and non-destructive test methods. Material procurement and control is closely related to required quality assurance procedures and detailed references to

33、EN 13291-3 are made. When viewed from the perspective of a specific project context, the requirements defined in this document should be tailored to match the genuine requirements of a particular profile and circumstances of a project. NOTE Tailoring is a process by which individual requirements of

34、specifications, standards and related documents are evaluated, and made applicable to a specific project by selection, and in some exceptional cases, modification of existing or addition of new requirements. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the applicat

35、ion of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 13291-3, Space product assurance General requirements Part 3: Materials, mechanical parts and processes EN 13701:20

36、01, Space systems Glossary of terms EN 14607-2,Space engineering Mechanical Part 2: Structural References to sources of approved lists, procedures and processes can be found in the bibliography. 3 Terms and definitions and abbreviated terms 3.1 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document

37、, the terms and definitions given in EN 13701:2001 and the following apply. 3.1.1 A-basis design allowable value which at least 99 % of the population of values is expected to fall with a confidence of 95 % 3.1.2 B-basis design allowable value which at least 90 % of the population of values is expec

38、ted to fall with a confidence of 95 % 3.1.3 composite sandwich construction panels composed of a lightweight core material, such as honeycomb, foamed plastic, and so forth, to which two relatively thin, dense, high-strength or high stiffness faces or skins are adhered Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Th

39、u Jun 16 07:22:24 BST 2005, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 14607-8:2004 (E) 6 3.1.4 corrosion reaction of the engineering material with its environment with a consequent deterioration in properties of the material 3.1.5 Elastic modulus the ratio between uniaxial stress and the strain 3.1.6 material d

40、esign allowable material property that has been determined from test data on a probability basis and has been chosen to assure a high degree of confidence in the integrity of the completed structure 3.1.7 micro-yield applied force to produce a residual strain of 1 10 -6mm/m along the tensile or comp

41、ression loading direction 3.1.8 polymer high molecular weight organic compound, natural or synthetic, with a structure that can be represented by a repeated small unit, the mer EXAMPLE Polyethylene, rubber, and cellulose. 3.2 Abbreviated terms The following abbreviated terms are defined and used wit

42、hin this document. Abbreviation Meaning ASTM American Society for Testing Materials CFRP carbon fibre reinforced plastic CMC ceramic matrix composites CME coefficient of moisture expansion CTE coefficient of thermal expansion DRD document requirements definition EB electron beam K icplane strain cri

43、tical stress intensity factor K isccplane strain critical stress intensity factor for a specific environment LEO low Earth orbit MIG metal inert gas MMC metal matrix composite MoS 2molybdenum disulphide NDE non-destructive evaluation NDI non-destructive inspection Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Thu Ju

44、n 16 07:22:24 BST 2005, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 14607-8:2004 (E) 7 NDT non-destructive test PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene RTM resin transfer moulding SCC stress corrosion cracking STS space transportation system TIG tungsten inert gas UD uni-directional UV ultra violet 4 Requirements 4.1 Genera

45、l 4.1.1 Overview This group of requirements covers the interaction of materials engineering requirements with project management, product assurance, and related requirements. 4.1.2 Applicability This document applies to all materials used in all space and space related products. For certain projects

46、, it can be necessary to include further (normative) standards in addition to those referenced within this document. 4.1.3 Controlling documentation a) All materials and processes shall be defined by standards and specifications. b) Suppliers shall select EN and ECSS Standards, supplemented by agenc

47、y or company standards. 4.2 Mission Mission requirements are covered in this document. 4.3 Functionality 4.3.1 Strength a) Spacecraft design shall ensure the survival of the structure under the worst feasible combination of mechanical and thermal loads for the complete lifetime of the spacecraft. b)

48、 A strength analysis shall be performed and demonstrate a positive margin of safety and include, if applicable, yield load analysis, ultimate load analysis and buckling load analysis (see EN 14607-2). NOTE The strength of a material is highly dependant on the direction as well as on the sign of the applied load, e.g. axial tensile, and transverse compressive. 4.3.2 Elastic modulus For composites the required elastic modulus shall be verified. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Thu Jun 16 07:22:24 BST 2005, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 14607-8:2004 (E) 8 N