1、BS EN 14865-1:2009ICS 45.040; 75.100NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDRailway Applications Axlebox lubricating greasesPart 1: Method to test the ability to lubricate+A1:2010 National forewordA list of organizations represented on this committee can
2、 be obtained onrequest to its secretary.“ N ormative“ - A ( mandatory) requirementdefined as an “ e x pression inthecontent of adocument conveying criteria to be fulfilled if compliancewith the document is to be claimed and from which no deviation ispermitted“C EN/C ENEL E C I nternalRegulations, P
3、art 3 : Rules for theStructure and D raftingof European Standards (PNE-Rules).“Informative “ - I nformation ( not mandatory) intended to assisttheunderstanding or use of the document. I nformativveannex es shall notcontain requirements, e x cept as optional requirements. (For e x ample, atest method
4、 that is optional may contain requirements but there is noneed to comply with these requirements to claim compliancewith thedocument.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British St
5、andard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.BS EN 14865-1:2009+A1:2010This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 14865-1:2009+A1:2010. It supersedes BS EN 14865-1:2009 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee RAE/3/-/2, Rolling
6、 bearings and lubricants.The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags. Tags indicating changes to CEN text carry the number of the CEN amendment. For example, text altered by CEN amendment A1 is indicated by !“.This British Standardwas published un
7、der theauthority of the StandardsPolicy and StrategyCommittee on 31 October2009 BSI 2010Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Comments 31 December 2010 Implementation of CEN amendment A1:2010ISBN 978 0 580 70713 1EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 14865-1:2009+A1 Octob
8、er 2010 ICS 45.040; 75.100 Supersedes EN 14865-1:2009English Version Railway applications - Axlebox lubricating greases - Part 1: Method to test the ability to lubricate Applications ferroviaires - Graisses lubrifiantes pour botes dessieux - Partie 1: Mthode dessai daptitude lubrifier Bahnanwendunge
9、n - Schmierfette fr Radsatzlager - Teil 1: Prfung der Schmierfhigkeit This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 January 2009 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 14 September 2010.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions f
10、or giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in thr
11、ee official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bo
12、dies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United K
13、ingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 14865-1:2009+A1:
14、2010: EEN 14865-1:2009+A1:2010 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3Introduction .41 Scope 52 Normative references 53 Terms and definitions .54 Symbols 75 Testing principle 86 Reagents and material 87 Test equipment 97.1 Test rig FE8 97.2 Test bearings 97.3 Measuring equipment . 108 Grease sampling . 119 T
15、esting procedure. 119.1 Washing procedure 119.2 Assembly . 119.3 Running the test 1110 Evaluation 1210.1 Recording 1210.2 Test result 1211 Precision 1311.1 General background . 1311.2 Repeatability 1311.3 Reproducibility 1412 Test report . 14Annex A (informative) Maintenance . 15Annex B (informative
16、) Round Robin test . 16B.1 Result . 16B.2 Symbols in the Figures B.1 and B.2 16B.3 Test data distribution . 17Annex C (informative) Precision calculation examples 18C.1 Repeatability example 18C.2 Reproducibility example 18Annex ZA (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the E
17、ssential Requirements of EU Directive 2008/57/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 June 2008 on the interoperability of the rail system within the Community (Recast)“ 19Bibliography . 21BS EN 14685-1:2009+A1:2010EN 14865-1:2009+A1:2010 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 14865-1:2009+
18、A1:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway Applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2011, and confli
19、cting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2011 . Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This documen
20、t includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2010-09-14. This document supersedes EN 14865-1:2009. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags ! “. !This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN/CENELEC/ETSI by the European Commission
21、 and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 2008/57/EC. For relationship with EU Directive 2008/57/EC, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.“ This series of standards EN 14865 “Railway applications Axlebox lubricating
22、greases“ consists of the following parts: Part 1: Method to test the ability to lubricate; Part 2: Method to test the mechanical stability to cover vehicle speeds up to 200 km/h. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bo
23、und to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
24、 Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. BS EN 14685-1:2009+A1:2010EN 14865-1:2009+A1:2010 (E) 4 Introduction This European Standard standardizes a test method and acceptance criteria for the demand in EN 12081 for testing the ability of greases to lubricate axlebox bearings. It addresses the issue
25、of lubricating ability of lubricating greases operating under severe conditions. All lubricants have three main functions: to form a lubricating film that separates rolling elements and raceways, to protect the bearing from corrosion and give good longevity. For lubricating greases in axleboxes ther
26、e is also the demand that the product must keep the lubricating ability, sometimes without relubrication, during very long periods of time under arduous operating and environmental conditions. The testing procedure in this European Standard is severe and is used to discriminate between lubricating g
27、reases of different lubricating ability. BS EN 14685-1:2009+A1:2010EN 14865-1:2009+A1:2010 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a testing method and sets the acceptance criteria for the determining of the lubrication ability of lubricating greases intended for the lubrication of axlebox be
28、arings. The lubricating ability, primarily related to the capability of lubricating greases to protect against wear, is determined in a roller bearing lubricant test rig. Wear of the rolling bearing rollers, the frictional behaviour and temperature during the test are used to discriminate between lu
29、bricating greases. NOTE 1 The testing method is referred to in EN 12081. The method described is carried out in order to test axlebox greases for ordinary-speed vehicles, with speeds up to 200 km/h, and for greases intended for high-speed vehicles, with speeds up to 300 km/h. The method is a discrim
30、inating process, and those greases that pass will be subject to more extensive performance tests. NOTE 2 In EN 12082 a more extensive rig performance test is described in detail. This rig performance test will check the satisfactory function of the assembly of box housing, bearing, sealing and greas
31、e during a simulated journey. For purpose of quality assurance and quality control, this test method is also used for batch testing of greases intended for use in axleboxes. For light rail and tramway applications other standards or documents agreed between the customer and the supplier may be appli
32、ed. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this European Standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 3170, Petroleum l
33、iquids Manual sampling (ISO 3170:2004) EN ISO 4259:2006, Petroleum products Determination and application of precision data in relation to methods of test ISO 5725-1:1994, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results Part 1: General principles and definitions ISO 5725-2:1994,
34、 Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results Part 2: Basic method for the determination of repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method ISO 5725-6:1994, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results Part 6: Use in practice of accu
35、racy values 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 lubricating grease semi-solid product consisting of a mixture of liquid lubricant thickened with soaps or other thickeners, and may also contain other ingredients, imparting
36、 special properties (additives) BS EN 14685-1:2009+A1:2010EN 14865-1:2009+A1:2010 (E) 6 3.2 grease lubricating ability lubricating ability of the grease during the stressing duration of the test, see 3.3, determined as the mean rolling elements wear rate from tests with four tapered roller bearings
37、NOTE In the FE8 test, the lubricating ability of grease is determined by wear and not by the service life of the grease. 3.3 stressing duration period of time, t, during which the lubricating grease sample is stressed dynamically and thermally until the test is terminated by the first failure of the
38、 test bearings or by the end of the testing period, see 3.4 3.4 testing period time required for testing, tp, until failure occurs of one of the test bearings or 500 hours if a test run without interruption NOTE For approval, the required time for a test is always 500 hours (plus an initial operatio
39、n during 24 hours at 750 r/min in the 1 500 r/min test). If a bearing will fail earlier, the test is failed. 3.5 frictional moment torque acting as a mechanical resistance to rotation, resulting from bearing friction 3.6 frictional moment of the test bearing arrangement torque, Mr, required for driv
40、ing the two test bearings, see Figure 1, obtained by measuring the force for retaining the bearing housing when the shaft is rotating 3.7 frictional moment of the test bearing arrangement at start torque, Mrs, of the test bearing arrangement immediately after starting the test 3.8 run-in period peri
41、od of time, Ep, from the start of the test until the steady-state is reached NOTE 1 During the run-in period, the grease is distributed and run-in wear occurs. Due to the smoothing of the contacting areas, the ratio of the lubricant film thickness to the sum of the roughness of the contact areas inc
42、reases, thereby increasing the separating effect of the lubricant film. Depending on the smoothing of the contacting surfaces, the frictional moment is continuously reduced during the run-in process. NOTE 2 For the test run at 1 500 r/min, there is a special run-in period of 24 hours before the real
43、 test starts. This run-in is carried out with the lower speed 750 r/min and with the axial load Fa= 10 kN. 3.9 frictional moment of the test bearing arrangement at steady-state torque, Mrbis obtained after the run-in period and is reached when the frictional moment stabilizes at a fairly constant va
44、lue (variation can be 20 %) 3.10 steady-state temperature temperature, B, obtained at the end of the run-in period 3.11 test temperature temperature, , measured at the outer ring of the spring-side test bearing NOTE Owing to better heat dissipation, the bearing at the drive side may be 2 C to 5 C co
45、oler. BS EN 14685-1:2009+A1:2010EN 14865-1:2009+A1:2010 (E) 7 3.12 rolling element wear wear loss in weight, mw, during the stressing period due to wear caused by rolling and sliding movements in the rolling element raceway contacts and rolling element wear from cage contacts 3.13 mean rolling eleme
46、nt wear mean rolling element wear in weight, mwm, from two tests according to this European Standard, each with two bearings, carried out in the same test rig and with lubricating grease from the same sample 3.14 combined mean rolling element wear from repeatability tests mean rolling element wear i
47、n weight, mr, from four or more tests, each with two bearings, carried out in the same test rig and with lubricating grease from the same sample 3.15 combined mean rolling element wear from reproducibility tests mean rolling element wear in weight, mR, from tests, each with two bearings, carried out
48、 with two or more tests in different laboratories and with lubricating grease from the same sample 3.16 test speed operating speed, n, of the test bearing arrangement 3.17 test load axial load, Fa, constant in magnitude and acting on the test bearings in axial direction 3.18 outlier a deviating test
49、 value that is not fulfilling the statistical criteria specified in ISO 5725-2 4 Symbols For the purposes of this European Standard, the following symbols apply: Eprun-in period, in hours Fatest load, in newtons Mrfrictional moment of the test bearing arrangement, in newton metres Mrbfrictional moment of the test bearing arrangement at steady-state, in newton metres Mrsfrictional moment of the test bearing arrangement at star
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