1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 15280:2013Evaluation of a.c. corrosionlikelihood of buried pipelinesapplicable to cathodicallyprotected pipelinesBS EN 15280:2013 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 15280:2013. Itsupersedes DD CEN/TS 15280:2006 which i
2、s withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee GEL/603, Cathodic protection.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract
3、. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 75941 3ICS 23.040.99; 77.060Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the a
4、uthority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2013.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 15280:2013EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 15280 August 2013 ICS 23.040.99; 77.060 Supersedes CEN/TS 15280:2006English Version Evaluation of a.c.
5、 corrosion likelihood of buried pipelines applicable to cathodically protected pipelines valuation du risque de corrosion occasionne par les courants alternatifs des canalisations enterres protges cathodiquement Beurteilung der Korrosionswahrscheinlichkeit durch Wechselstrom an erdverlegten Rohrleit
6、ungen anwendbar fr kathodisch geschtzte Rohrleitungen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 5 July 2013. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any al
7、teration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language m
8、ade by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Est
9、onia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STA
10、NDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 15280:2013: EBS EN 15280:2013EN 15280:2013 (E) 2 C
11、ontents Page Foreword . 4 1 Scope . 5 2 Normative references . 5 3 Terms and definitions 5 4 Cathodic protection personnel competence . 8 5 Assessment of the a.c. influence 9 5.1 General . 9 5.2 Assessment of the level of interference . 9 6 Evaluation of the likelihood of a.c. corrosion 10 6.1 Prere
12、quisite . 10 6.1.1 General . 10 6.1.2 A.c. voltage on the structure . 10 6.2 A.c. and d.c. current density 11 6.2.1 General . 11 6.2.2 A.c. current density 11 6.2.3 High cathodic d.c. current density 11 6.2.4 Low cathodic d.c. current density . 11 6.2.5 Current ratio “Ia.c./Id.c.“ 12 6.2.6 Soil resi
13、stivity 12 6.3 Corrosion rate . 12 6.4 Pipeline coatings 12 6.5 Evaluation of the metal loss 12 7 Acceptable interference levels 12 8 Measurement techniques . 13 8.1 Measurements . 13 8.1.1 General . 13 8.1.2 Selection of test sites . 13 8.1.3 Selection of measurement parameter 14 8.1.4 Sampling rat
14、e for the recording of interference levels . 14 8.1.5 Accuracy of measuring equipment . 14 8.1.6 Installation of coupons or probes to calculate current densities 14 8.2 D.c. potential measurements . 14 8.3 A.c. voltage measurements . 15 8.4 Measurements on coupons and probes . 15 8.4.1 Installation
15、of coupons or probes . 15 8.4.2 Current measurements 15 8.4.3 Corrosion rate measurements . 16 8.5 Pipeline metal loss techniques . 17 9 Mitigation measures . 17 9.1 General . 17 9.2 Construction measures 17 9.2.1 Modification of bedding material 17 9.2.2 Installation of isolating joints 17 9.2.3 In
16、stallation of mitigation wires 17 9.2.4 Optimisation of pipeline and/or powerline route . 18 9.2.5 Power line or pipeline construction 18 9.3 Operation measures . 18 9.3.1 Earthing . 18 9.3.2 Adjustment of cathodic protection level 19 BS EN 15280:2013EN 15280:2013 (E) 3 9.3.3 Repair of coating defec
17、ts . 19 10 Commissioning 19 10.1 Commissioning 19 10.2 Preliminary checking 20 10.2.1 General . 20 10.2.2 Start up . 20 10.2.3 Verification of effectiveness . 21 10.2.4 Installation and commissioning documents 21 11 Monitoring and maintenance . 21 Annex A (informative) Simplified description of the
18、a.c. corrosion phenomenon . 23 A.1 Cathodically protected pipeline . 23 A.2 Cathodically protected pipeline with a.c. voltage 23 A.2.1 Description of the phenomena . 23 A.2.2 Reduction of the a.c. corrosion rate 24 Annex B (informative) Coupons and probes 25 B.1 Use and sizes of coupons and probes 2
19、5 B.1.1 Use of coupons or probes 25 B.1.2 Sizes of coupons or probes . 25 B.2 Installation of buried coupons and probes. 25 B.2.1 General . 25 B.2.2 Before installing the coupon or probe 25 B.2.3 Installation of the buried coupon or probe . 26 B.3 ER probes principles. 27 B.3.1 Assessment of the cor
20、rosion using the electrical resistance (ER) probe technique 27 B.3.2 ER probe application in the field . 29 B.4 Perforation probes 29 Annex C (informative) Coulometric oxidation 31 Annex D (informative) Influence of soil characteristics on the a.c. corrosion process 32 D.1 Influence of electrical pa
21、rameters . 32 D.2 Influence of the electrochemical process . 32 D.3 Influence of alkaline ions and cations . 32 Annex E (informative) Other criteria that have been used in the presence of a.c. influence 33 E.1 General . 33 E.2 ON-potential approach 33 E.2.1 General . 33 E.2.2 More negative (Eon) cat
22、hodic protection level 33 E.2.3 Less negative (Eon) cathodic protection level . 33 E.2.4 Criteria 34 Annex F (informative) Parameters to take into account to choose a d.c. decoupling device . 36 F.1 General aspects to be taken into account 36 F.2 Electrical parameters 36 Annex G (informative) Method
23、 to determine the reference electrode location to remote earth . 37 Bibliography 38 BS EN 15280:2013EN 15280:2013 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 15280:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 219 “Cathodic protection”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard sh
24、all be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2014 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2014. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this d
25、ocument may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes CEN/TS 15280:2006. With this document, CEN/TS 15280:2006 is converted into a European Standard. The main modification concerns the cri
26、teria assumed in the presence of a.c. interference on a pipeline. While CEN/TS 15280:2006 represented a collection of various experiences in the field of a.c. corrosion, this European Standard has incorporated these criteria and thresholds together with experience gained from the most recent data. V
27、arious European countries have a different approach to the prevention of a.c. corrosion depending primarily on the d.c. interference situation. These different approaches are taken into account in two different ways: either in the presence of “low” ON-potentials (less negative than -1,2 V CSE), whic
28、h allows a certain level of a.c. voltage (up to 15 V), or in the presence of “high” ON-potentials (more negative than -1,2 V CSE ; with d.c. stray current interference on the pipeline for instance) which requires the reduction of the a.c. voltage towards the lowest possible levels. This European Sta
29、ndard gives also some parameters to consider when evaluating the a.c. corrosion likelihood, as well as detailed measurement techniques, mitigation measures and measurements to carry out for commissioning of any a.c corrosion mitigation system. Note that Annex E proposes other parameters and threshol
30、ds that require further validation based on practical experiences. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, E
31、stonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 15280:2013EN 1
32、5280:2013 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard is applicable to buried cathodically protected metallic structures that are influenced by a.c. traction systems and/or a.c. power lines. In this document, a buried pipeline (or structure) is a buried or immersed pipeline (or structure), as defined in EN
33、 12954. In the presence of a.c. interference, the protection criteria given in EN 12954:2001, Table 1, are not sufficient to demonstrate that the steel is being protected against corrosion. This European Standard provides limits, measurement procedures, mitigation measures and information to deal wi
34、th long term a.c. interference for a.c voltages at frequencies between 16,7 Hz and 60 Hz and the evaluation of a.c. corrosion likelihood. This European Standard deals with the possibility of a.c. corrosion of metallic pipelines due to a.c. interferences caused by inductive, conductive or capacitive
35、coupling with a.c. power systems and the maximum tolerable limits of these interference effects. It takes into account the fact that this is a long-term effect, which occurs during normal operating conditions of the a.c. power system. This European Standard does not cover the safety issues associate
36、d with a.c. voltages on pipelines. These are covered in national standards and regulations (see EN 50443). 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the editio
37、n cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 12954:2001, Cathodic protection of buried or immersed metallic structures General principles and application for pipelines EN 13509:2003, Cathodic protection measurement tech
38、niques EN 50443, Effects of electromagnetic interference on pipelines caused by high voltage a.c. electric traction systems and/or high voltage a.c. power supply systems EN 61010-1, Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use Part 1: General requirements
39、(IEC 61010-1) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 a.c. electric traction system a.c. railway electrical distribution network used to provide energy for rolling stock Note 1 to entry: The system can comprise: contact line systems;
40、return circuit of electric railway systems; running rails of non-electric railway systems, which are in the vicinity of, or conductively connected to, the running rails of an electric railway system. BS EN 15280:2013EN 15280:2013 (E) 6 3.2 a.c. power supply system a.c. electrical system devoted to e
41、lectrical energy transmission and including overhead lines, cables, substations and all apparatus associated with them 3.3 a.c. power system a.c. electric traction system or a.c. power supply system Note 1 to entry: Where it is necessary to differentiate, each interfering system is clearly indicated
42、 with its proper term. 3.4 copper/copper sulphate reference electrode (CSE) reference electrode consisting of copper in a saturated solution of copper sulphate 3.5 a.c. voltage voltage measured to earth between a metallic structure and a reference electrode. 3.6 interfering system general expression
43、 encompassing an interfering high voltage a.c. electric traction system and/or high voltage a.c. power supply system 3.7 interfered system system on which the interference effects appear Note 1 to entry: In this European Standard, it is the pipeline system. 3.8 pipeline system system of pipe network
44、 with all associated equipment and stations Note 1 to entry: In this European Standard, pipeline system refers only to metallic pipeline system. Note 2 to entry: The associated equipment is the equipment electrically connected to the pipeline. 3.9 earth conductive mass of the earth, whose electric p
45、otential at any point is conventionally taken as equal to zero SOURCE: IEC 60050 826-04-01 3.10 operating condition fault free operation of any system Note 1 to entry: Transients are not to be considered as an operating condition. 3.11 fault condition non intended condition caused by short-circuit t
46、o earth, the fault duration being the normal clearing time of the protection devices and switches Note 1 to entry: The short circuit is an unintentional connection of an energised conductor to earth or to any metallic part in contact with earth. BS EN 15280:2013EN 15280:2013 (E) 7 3.12 conductive co
47、upling coupling which occurs when a proportion of the current belonging to the interfering system returns to the system earth via the interfered system or when the voltage to the reference earth of the ground in the vicinity of the influenced object rises because of a fault in the interfering system
48、, and the results of which are conductive voltages and currents 3.13 inductive coupling phenomenon whereby the magnetic field produced by a current carrying circuit influences another circuit; the coupling being quantified by the mutual impedance of the two circuits, and the results of which are ind
49、uced voltages and hence currents that depend for example on the distances, length, inducing current, circuit arrangement and frequency 3.14 capacitive coupling phenomenon whereby the electric field produced by an energised conductor influences another conductor, the coupling being quantified by the capacitance between the conductors and the capacitances between each conductor and earth, and the results of which are interference voltages into conductive parts or conductors insulated from earth, these voltages depend for example on the voltage of the influencing
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