EN 15433-6-2007 2222 Transportation loads - Measurement and evaluation of dynamic mechanical loads - Part 6 Automatic recording systems for measuring randomly occurring shock durin.pdf

1、Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 28/04/2008 04:03, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIg49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58m

2、echanical loads Part 6: Automatic recording systems for measuring randomly occurring shock during monitoring of transportsICS 55.180.01Transportation loads Measurement and evaluation of dynamic BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 15433-6:2007BS EN 15433-6:2007Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS,

3、 28/04/2008 04:03, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIThis British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2008 BSI 2008ISBN 978 0 580 61520 7Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsCompliance with a British Standard cannot co

4、nfer immunity from legal obligations.National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 15433-6:2007.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PKW/0, Packaging.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to it

5、s secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 15433-6December 2007ICS 55.180.01English VersionTransportation loads - Measurement and evaluation o

6、f dynamicmechanical loads - Part 6: Automatic recording systems formeasuring randomly occurring shock during monitoring oftransportsCharges de transport - Mesurage et analyse des chargesmcaniques dynamiques - Partie 6: Systmesdenregistrement automatiques pour la mesure de chocalatoire intervenant du

7、rant le suivi de transportsTransportbelastungen - Messen und Auswerten vonmechanisch-dynamischen Belastungen - Teil 6:Transportberwachung mit automatischenAufzeichnungsgerten zur Messung stochastischauftretender SteThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 October 2007.CEN members are bound t

8、o comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Man

9、agement Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as t

10、heofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia,

11、 Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN

12、 national Members.Ref. No. EN 15433-6:2007: ELicensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 28/04/2008 04:03, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 15433-6:2007 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword. 3 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references . 5 3 Terms and definitions. 5 4 Requirements for automatic recording devic

13、es 7 4.1 Accelerometers . 7 4.2 Signal processing . 7 4.3 Recordings 7 4.3.1 Recording mode “event“ 7 4.3.2 Recording mode ”plotter“ 8 4.4 Storage modes 9 4.5 Time code 9 4.6 Power supply. 9 4.7 Operating and display elements 9 4.8 Measuring range . 10 4.9 Error limits . 10 4.10 Saving of data 10 4.

14、11 Evidence of calibration. 11 4.12 Environmental conditions 11 5 Preparation for deployment . 11 5.1 Mounting 11 5.2 Setting values 11 6 Analysis . 12 Annex A (informative) Example set-up of shock recording equipment 14 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 28/04/2008 04:03, Uncont

15、rolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 15433-6:2007 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 15433-6:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 261 “Packaging”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identica

16、l text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2008. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsib

17、le for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, G

18、ermany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 28/04/2008 04:03, Uncontrolled Copy, (

19、c) BSIEN 15433-6:2007 (E) 4 Introduction This standard was originally prepared by working group NAVp-1.4, Requirements and Testing, of the German Standardization Institute (DIN). It is part of a complete normative concept to acquire and describe the loads acting on goods and influencing them during

20、transport, handling and storage. This standard becomes significant when related to the realisation of the European Directive on Packaging and Packaging Waste (Directive 94/62 EC, 20 December 1994). This directive specifies requirements on the avoidance or reduction of packaging waste, and requires t

21、hat the amount of packaging material is adjusted to the expected transportation load, in order to protect the transportation item adequately. However, this presumes some knowledge of the transportation loads occurring during shipment. At present, basic standards, based on scientifically confirmed va

22、lues, which can adequately describe and characterize the magnitudes of transportation loads, especially in the domain of dynamic mechanical loads do not exist nationally or internationally. Reasons for this are mainly the absence of published data, insufficient description of the measurements or res

23、trictions on the dissemination of this information. This standard will enable the measurement and analysis of dynamic mechanical transportation loads, thus enabling the achievement of standardized and adequately documented load values. This series of standards consists of the following parts: Part 1

24、: General requirements; Part 2: Data acquisition and general requirements for measuring equipment; Part 3: Data validity check and data editing for evaluation; Part 4: Data evaluation; Part 5: Derivation of Test Specifications; Part 6: Automatic recording systems for measuring randomly occurring sho

25、ck during monitoring of transports. This standard defines requirements that should be observed when automatic recording systems are being used for the purpose of a transportation survey. In this, it deviates from the characteristics of the other parts of the series, as in this case the prime concern

26、 is not the need for scientifically based and generally applicable data, which are to be used for standardization purposes, but to assist users “shock recorders“. Such automatic and computer-based recording systems have gone through remarkable developments, particularly in relation to their storage

27、capacity and analysis capability. This, together with falling prices, has meant they are increasingly used for surveying specific transportations, especially inside packing. In general they do not reach the efficiency of a measuring chain such as used for test drives, especially in view of the stora

28、ge capacity needed to measure unfiltered dynamic data during transportation. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 28/04/2008 04:03, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 15433-6:2007 (E) 5 1 Scope This standard specifies the technical and functional properties of automatic recording equipme

29、nt used to determine randomly appearing shocks during transportation. Such automatic recording equipment can be used to: determine mechanical shock loads on individual transportations; monitor the transportation means to observe the limits of the shock parameters; determine the shock loads on the tr

30、ansported item. This standard defines the sensors to be attached to the device, and specifies the minimum requirements for the parameters to be adjusted. It also defines the minimum requirements for the data analysis, as well as the data presentation. This standard covers the complete recording equi

31、pment, including its accelerometers and the data analysis in an external data processing unit. The accelerometers can be integrated into the device or separately mounted from it (external sensors). This standard also applies to the routine monitoring of individual transportations 2 Normative referen

32、ces The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 15433-2, Transportation loads Measurement

33、and analysis of dynamic mechanical loads Part 2: Data acquisition and general requirements for measuring equipment EN 61000-6-1, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 6-1: Generic standards Immunity for residential, commercial and light-industrial environments (IEC 61000-6-1:2005) EN 61000-6-3, E

34、lectromagnetic compatibility (EMC). Part 6-3: Generic standards Emission standard for residential, commercial and light-industrial environments (IEC 61000-6-3:2006) EN 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code) (IEC 60529: 1989) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this Eur

35、opean Standard, the following terms and definitions apply 3.1 sensor axes x, y, z three Cartesian spatial axes that lie parallel to the measuring directions of the accelerometer 3.2 peak acceleration value greatest positive or negative acceleration occurring during a shock event in a spatial axis or

36、 in a spatial vector:X YZRa,a,a,a Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 28/04/2008 04:03, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 15433-6:2007 (E) 6 3.3 main axis xyz (max.) spatial axis that shows the biggest peak acceleration value NOTE Correspondingly axyz(max)is the temporal course of the

37、acceleration of the main axis and a xyz( max )is the peak acceleration of the main axis. 3.4 value of the spatial vector aRacceleration value of a randomly oriented spatial acceleration vector of a shock event aR= ax2+ ay2+ az2(1) 3.5 shock duration Tshocktime at which the value of the acceleration

38、of the main axis is equal to or greater than 10 % of the peak acceleration value of this axis (see 4.3.1) 3.6 frequency limit frequency at which the signal level has dropped to a value of 12compared to the mid-band frequency 3.7 threshold values magnitudes of the acquired measured values which when

39、exceeded initiate the recording of an event: athreshold, Tshock(min)3.8 values to be set sum of all adjustments made to a recording equipment prior to a measuring event (e.g. measuring range, frequency limit, threshold values, storing modes, time modes, recording type or mail box content) 3.9 mailbo

40、x device able to store data in an alphanumeric order, e.g. tracing program, order of transport, or mounting location of recording equipment 3.10 data memory all data memory of a recording equipment in which measured and computed values as well as acquisition time span and set values are stored 3.11

41、acquisition time span continuous time span during which the recording equipment is active NOTE The beginning and end of an acquisition time span can be caused by switching on and off, set time modes, dropout of power supply, battery change, data evaluation or hardware errors. 3.12 time stamp date an

42、d time of an event Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 28/04/2008 04:03, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 15433-6:2007 (E) 7 3.13 sampling rate number of digital measuring values produced for each time unit and for each sensor axis 4 Requirements for automatic recording devices 4.1 Ac

43、celerometers Automatic shock recording equipment shall be equipped with three accelerometers arranged in a system of Cartesian axes, in order to record the acceleration acting in any direction. Internal sensors are arranged inside the housing of the recording equipment. External sensors shall be con

44、nected to the recording equipment by means of cables, such that no falsification of the measured values can occur. The sensor axes shall be parallel or perpendicular to the edge of the recorder housing or the external sensor. The positive directions of the sensor axes shall be uniquely defined by ar

45、rows as well as by the designations x, y, z. When connecting external sensors, care shall be taken that no exchange of the axes or the direction of the measurement can occur. 4.2 Signal processing Acceleration sensors have low pass or band pass behaviour. Their signals can further be processed in fi

46、xed or adjustable filters. The frequency limit, its characteristic and its order shall be declared. The declaration shall apply to the complete measuring chain. The measuring range is defined by the greatest acceleration value processed, and shall be adjustable. The signal processing as well as stor

47、age occurs digitally. The sampling rate shall be mentioned. 4.3 Recordings 4.3.1 Recording mode“event“ A random shock event occurs when the peak acceleration value in at least one spatial axis exceeds the set acceleration threshold value athresholdof that particular axis, and when the shock duration

48、 of that event is equal to or greater than the minimum shock duration Tshock (min). See Figure 1. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 28/04/2008 04:03, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 15433-6:2007 (E) 8 Key X-axis Time Y-Axis Acceleration 1 Shock event at athreshold2 Tshock Figure 1

49、Shock event The shock duration Tshockis defined as the duration at which the acceleration axyz(max)is equal to or greater than 10 % of the peak value a xyz( max ). The digital memory of the recording device shall store: time stamp; peak acceleration values of the axes a x, a y, a zwith their corresponding operational signs; shock duration Tshock. Further to this, magnitudes such as the peak acceleration value of the spatial vector and the time integral of the acceleration within the shock duration Tshockcan be computed and