EN 15442-2011 en Solid recovered fuels - Methods for sampling《固体回收燃料 取样方法》.pdf

1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 15442:2011Solid recovered fuels Methods for samplingBS EN 15442:2011 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 15442:2011. Itsup

2、ersedes DD CEN/TS 15442:2006 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PTI/17, Solid biofuels.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the nec

3、essaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2011ISBN 978 0 580 67495 2ICS 75.160.10Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Com

4、mittee on 31 March 2011.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 15442:2011EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 15442 March 2011 ICS 75.160.10 Supersedes CEN/TS 15442:2006English Version Solid recovered fuels - Methods for sampling Combustibles solides de rcupration

5、 - Mthodes dchantillonnage Feste Sekundrbrennstoffe - Verfahren zur Probenahme This European Standard was approved by CEN on 22 January 2011. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a nat

6、ional standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A ve

7、rsion in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,

8、 Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT

9、 EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 15442:2011: EBS EN 15442:2011EN 15442:2011 (E) 2 Contents Page Forew

10、ord 4Introduction .51 Scope 72 Normative references 73 Terms and definitions .74 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 105 Principle . 116 Development of a sampling plan . 116.1 Principle . 116.2 Definition of overall objectives 136.3 Definition of a lot and determining lot size 136.4 Determination of the

11、 sampling procedure . 146.5 Determination of the number of increments 146.6 Determination of minimum sample size . 156.7 Determination of the minimum increment size 156.8 Determination of the effective increment and sample sizes 156.9 Selection of distribution of increments over a lot . 167 Implemen

12、tation of the sampling plan . 187.1 Steps before actual sampling 187.2 Steps during sampling . 187.3 Steps after sampling 198 Handling and storage of samples . 199 Precision 19Annex A (normative) Procedure for the development of a sampling plan . 20A.1 Introduction . 20A.2 Principle . 20A.3 Procedur

13、e 20Annex B (informative) Guideline for a sampling plan . 23B.1 Introduction . 23B.2 Form for the sampling plan . 23Annex C (normative) Sampling equipment and implements . 28C.1 Introduction . 28C.2 Principle . 28C.3 Selection of an apparatus 28C.4 Examples for sampling from a moving conveyor or dro

14、p flow . 28C.5 Sampling frame . 30C.6 Sampling scoop 31C.7 Mechanical probe 32Annex D (normative) Determination of minimum sample size 34D.1 Introduction . 34D.2 Principle . 34D.3 Determination of factors necessary for the minimum sample size . 34D.4 Calculation of the minimum sample size . 36D.5 Qu

15、ick determination of minimum sample size 37BS EN 15442:2011EN 15442:2011 (E) 3 Annex E (normative) Determination of minimum increment size for sampling from material flows . 39E.1 Introduction 39E.2 Principle 39E.3 Determination of minimum increment size for mechanical sampling from a drop flow 39E.

16、4 Determination of minimum increment size for manual sampling from a drop flow . 40E.5 Determination of minimum increment size for sampling from a conveyor . 41Annex F (normative) Determination of minimum increment size for sampling from static lots or vehicles. 43F.1 Introduction 43F.2 Principle 43

17、F.3 Procedure . 43Annex G (normative) Implementation of sampling plan from a material flow 44G.1 Introduction 44G.2 Principle 44G.3 Procedure verification of sampling aspects . 44G.4 Procedure: Mechanical or manual sampling from the drop flow . 44G.5 Procedure: Mechanical sampling from a moving conv

18、eyor . 46G.6 Procedure: Manual sampling from a stationary conveyor 47Annex H (normative) Implementation of the sampling plan from a static lot or vehicle . 49H.1 Introduction 49H.2 Principle 49H.3 Procedure . 49H.4 Implementation of sampling in locations chosen in a stratified random way 50Annex I (

19、normative) Minimum sample size required for analysis 51I.1 Introduction 51I.2 Principle 51I.3 Procedure . 51Annex J (normative) Standard sampling plans for common situations . 56J.1 Introduction 56J.2 Sampling of granular SRF 30 mm No. If possible, decrease the size of each sample to the minimum sam

20、ple size for the d95concerned. Yes. If possible, reduce the particles of the sample to a d95of approximately 30 mm or less, and decrease the size of the sample to the minimum sample size for the d95concerned a. (follows from step 25) The samples shall be kept in a dry room, in tightly sealed packagi

21、ng. If the size of the (sub-)samples are too large, they may be kept in a dry room. aThe effective dimensions are determined by the maximum permitted quantity prescribed for the determination concerned and the minimum required quantity of sample material. 8) Deviations detected All deviations regard

22、ing this European Standard introduced in the sampling plan shall be reported and sufficiently justified. All deviations regarding the sampling plan encountered in the field operation shall be reported and sufficiently justified. If sufficiently motivated mentioning deviations is a sign of quality. 9

23、) Approval of sampling plan and sampling record Name Signature Date Project leader Sampler BS EN 15442:2011EN 15442:2011 (E) 27 Appendices 1. Calculating increment and sample sizes 2. Photos of the location/position of random check lots/sampling 3. BS EN 15442:2011EN 15442:2011 (E) 28 Annex C (norma

24、tive) Sampling equipment and implements C.1 Introduction This annex specifies which requirements the sampling equipment will have to meet. C.2 Principle The equipment used to carry out the sampling shall not affect the composition of the solid recovered fuel (SRF) and every particle shall have an eq

25、ual chance of being captured in the increment. C.3 Selection of an apparatus The range of equipment which is available for sampling of SRF (and other materials) is very large. Depending on the situation many different types of sampling equipment are possible, but they shall meet the three basic rule

26、s for sampling. These are rules are: a) the sampling equipment shall not contaminate or affect the sample taken from the solid recovered fuel; b) every particle should have an equal chance of being sampled; c) the minimum dimensions of the sampling equipment shall be at least three times the nominal

27、 top of the particles in the solid recovered fuel. When choosing an implement or piece of equipment, it is essential to take the procedure that will be used for sampling into account. C.4 Examples for sampling from a moving conveyor or drop flow In this subclause a number of examples of equipment fo

28、r sampling from a moving conveyor or a drop flow are given. If other systems are used, the three basic rules as mentioned in C.3 for taking an increment shall be met. This requires that the whole stream should be covered. Common designs of equipment are the following: a tray that moves through the d

29、rop flow via rail, motorised or otherwise (rail tray method, see Figure C.1); a tray that is pulled like a drawer through a drop flow (drawer method, see Figure C.2); a scoop or a flap which may or may not be mechanically driven, which is placed in the drop flow at the sampling time. The scope or flap shall pass completely through the stream depth and cover its full width when collecting without overfilling; a cross-belt sampler is an automatic device which enables sampling from a moving conveyor belt (see Figure C.3).