EN 15551-2017 en Railway applications - Railway rolling stock - Buffers《铁路设备-铁路机车车辆-缓冲器》.pdf

1、BS EN 15551:2017Railway applications Railway rolling stock BuffersBSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06BS EN 15551:2017 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 15551:2017. It supersedes BS EN 15551:2009+A1:2010

2、 which is withdrawn.The UK committee draws users attention to the distinction between normative and informative elements, as defined in Clause 3 of the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, Part 3.Normative: Requirements conveying criteria to be fulfilled if compliance with the document is to be claimed

3、 and from which no deviation is permitted.Informative: Information intended to assist the understanding or use of the document. Informative annexes do not contain requirements, except as optional requirements, and are not mandatory. For example, a test method may contain requirements, but there is n

4、o need to comply with these requirements to claim compliance with the standard.When speeds in km/h require unit conversion for use in the UK, users are advised to use equivalent values rounded to the nearest whole number. The use of absolute values for converted units should be avoided in these case

5、s. Please refer to the table below for agreed conversion figures: INS, RST and ENE speed conversionskm/h mph7 4.59 5.510 612 7.520 12.5The UK loading gauge is much smaller than the gauge in Europe and the maximum axle load is higher at 25.4 tonnes. As a consequence of this, longer thinner wagons are

6、 built to maximise the pay load of wagons carrying lower density products. In order to maximise the volumetric capacity of the wagon body within this overall length, we have continued to use 520 mm buffers with a head radius of 1250 mm to cater for the tighter curves found in many UK terminals, (for

7、 example Oleo OP176GX buffers). As EN 15551 is referenced in the Wagon TSI, any new wagons would have to be built with 620 mm buffer and 2750 mm head radius. This would have three effects:1) The wagon bodies would have to be shorter to allow for thelonger buffers within the same 18 300 mm overall le

8、ngth with acorresponding loss of payload of typically 1 tonne on every journey.2) The use of the 2750 mm head radius would push the drawbar loadsover the 250 kN limit, when negotiating 70 m curves, which wouldnecessitate lengthening the screw couplings every time the wagonswent into tight terminals

9、and tightening them again once theywere back on the mainline. This would cause delays to arrivals anddepartures, add cost and present an additional safety hazard tothe shunters.BS EN 15551:2017BRITISH STANDARD3) If the 520 mm buffer is no longer used for new build wagons, the manufacturers will even

10、tually cease to make them. The vast majority of UK bogie wagons are fitted with these buffers and any new casings required to replace worn ones would then need to be specially made at a vast increase in cost. Therefore wagons for use exclusively in UK may continue to use 520 mm projection buffers an

11、d the corresponding UK screw coupling, see EN 15566.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee RAE/3, Railway Applications - Rolling Stock Products, to Subcommittee RAE/3/-/7, Railway applications - Couplers.A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee c

12、an be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2017. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2017ISBN 978 0 580 82267 4ICS 45.060.01Com

13、pliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 February 2017.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedThis page deliberately left blankBS EN 15551:2

14、017EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 15551 January 2017 ICS 45.060.01 Supersedes EN 15551:2009+A1:2010English Version Railway applications - Railway rolling stock - Buffers Applications ferroviaires - Matriel roulant ferroviaire - Tampons Bahnanwendungen - Schienenfahrzeuge - Puff

15、er This European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 September 2016. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographica

16、l references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility o

17、f a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Ma

18、cedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALI

19、SATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 15551:2017 EBS EN 15551:2017EN 15551:2017 (E) 2 Contents Page European fore

20、word . 7 Introduction 9 1 Scope . 10 2 Normative references . 10 3 Terms and definitions 11 4 Classification and designation . 14 4.1 General . 14 4.2 Buffers with buffer stroke 105 mm (Categories A, B and C) . 14 4.3 Buffers with buffer stroke 110 mm . 14 4.4 Long stroke buffer 150 mm 14 4.5 Crashw

21、orthy Buffers . 15 4.6 Interaction coupling/buffer . 15 5 Requirements 15 5.1 General . 15 5.2 Fixing on vehicle and interchangeability 17 5.3 Buffer dimensions 18 5.4 Mechanical characteristics of buffers . 19 5.5 Elastic systems 20 5.5.1 Types of elastic systems . 20 5.5.2 Static characteristics .

22、 21 5.5.3 Dynamic characteristics 22 5.5.4 Type testing 22 5.6 Marking 22 6 Housing 24 6.1 Plunger and base 24 6.2 Buffer head . 24 6.2.1 Materials 24 6.2.2 Boundary dimensions 24 6.2.3 Standard dimensions of buffer head . 25 6.3 Type and series tests . 26 7 Crashworthy buffers . 28 7.1 On wagons .

23、28 7.2 On other vehicles 28 Annex A (normative) Maximum space envelope of buffer . 29 A.1 Requirements for space envelope of buffer . 29 A.1.1 Buffers for freight wagons 29 A.1.2 Buffers for coaches 32 A.2 Notes on the definition of envelopes for overall dimensions of Buffers for freight wagons . 33

24、 A.2.1 General . 33 A.2.2 Study relating to definition of the envelope . 34 Annex B (normative) Mechanical characteristics of buffers Test methods 36 B.1 General . 36 BS EN 15551:2017EN 15551:2017 (E) 3 B.2 Test methodology . 36 B.2.1 General . 36 B.2.2 Force F1 37 B.2.3 Force F2 37 B.2.4 Force F3 3

25、7 B.2.5 Force F4 37 B.2.6 Force F5 37 B.2.7 Force F6 38 B.3 Test documentation . 38 Annex C (normative) Requirements for elastic systems . 40 C.1 Rubber elastomer or other elastomer elastic systems . 40 C.1.1 General . 40 C.1.2 Metal inserts . 40 C.1.3 Constituents of rubber elastomer and/or other e

26、lastomer systems . 40 C.1.4 Static characteristics of the sets 42 C.1.5 Dynamic characteristics of the sets 42 C.1.6 Bonding 42 C.1.7 Marking 42 C.1.8 Inspection and tests . 42 C.2 Friction spring/ring spring . 44 C.2.1 Manufacturers marks . 44 C.2.2 Flexibility test 44 C.2.3 Endurance test . 45 C.2

27、.4 Static characteristics for friction spring/ring spring 45 C.2.5 Dynamic characteristics for friction spring/ring spring 45 C.3 Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic systems . 45 C.3.1 General . 45 C.3.2 Absorbing energy medium 46 C.3.3 Static tests of capsules 46 C.4 Combined elastic systems 46 Annex D (no

28、rmative) Testing of static characteristics of buffers . 47 D.1 Test principle . 47 D.2 Test procedure 47 D.3 Measurements . 47 Annex E (normative) Dynamic testing . 48 E.1 Dynamic testing of buffer 48 E.1.1 General . 48 E.1.2 Temperature effects 50 E.2 Dynamic characteristics of 105 mm stroke buffer

29、 . 50 E.2.1 Test programme 50 E.2.2 Category A . 52 E.2.3 Category B . 52 E.2.4 Category C 53 E.2.5 Comments on the test conditions 53 E.3 Dynamic characteristics of 150 mm stroke buffer . 53 E.3.1 General . 53 E.3.2 Comments on test conditions . 54 E.4 Dynamic characteristics of 110 mm stroke buffe

30、r . 55 Annex F (normative) Endurance testing under service load for elastic system . 56 F.1 Aim of the test 56 F.2 Test principle . 56 BS EN 15551:2017EN 15551:2017 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 7 Introduction 9 1 Scope . 10 2 Normative references . 10 3 Terms and definitions 11 4 Classifi

31、cation and designation . 14 4.1 General . 14 4.2 Buffers with buffer stroke 105 mm (Categories A, B and C) . 14 4.3 Buffers with buffer stroke 110 mm . 14 4.4 Long stroke buffer 150 mm 14 4.5 Crashworthy Buffers . 15 4.6 Interaction coupling/buffer . 15 5 Requirements 15 5.1 General . 15 5.2 Fixing

32、on vehicle and interchangeability 17 5.3 Buffer dimensions 18 5.4 Mechanical characteristics of buffers . 19 5.5 Elastic systems 20 5.5.1 Types of elastic systems . 20 5.5.2 Static characteristics . 21 5.5.3 Dynamic characteristics 22 5.5.4 Type testing 22 5.6 Marking 22 6 Housing 24 6.1 Plunger and

33、 base 24 6.2 Buffer head . 24 6.2.1 Materials 24 6.2.2 Boundary dimensions 24 6.2.3 Standard dimensions of buffer head . 25 6.3 Type and series tests . 26 7 Crashworthy buffers . 28 7.1 On wagons . 28 7.2 On other vehicles 28 Annex A (normative) Maximum space envelope of buffer . 29 A.1 Requirements

34、 for space envelope of buffer . 29 A.1.1 Buffers for freight wagons 29 A.1.2 Buffers for coaches 32 A.2 Notes on the definition of envelopes for overall dimensions of Buffers for freight wagons . 33 A.2.1 General . 33 A.2.2 Study relating to definition of the envelope . 34 Annex B (normative) Mechan

35、ical characteristics of buffers Test methods 36 B.1 General . 36 BS EN 15551:2017EN 15551:2017 (E) 3 B.2 Test methodology . 36 B.2.1 General . 36 B.2.2 Force F1 37 B.2.3 Force F2 37 B.2.4 Force F3 37 B.2.5 Force F4 37 B.2.6 Force F5 37 B.2.7 Force F6 38 B.3 Test documentation . 38 Annex C (normative

36、) Requirements for elastic systems . 40 C.1 Rubber elastomer or other elastomer elastic systems . 40 C.1.1 General . 40 C.1.2 Metal inserts . 40 C.1.3 Constituents of rubber elastomer and/or other elastomer systems . 40 C.1.4 Static characteristics of the sets 42 C.1.5 Dynamic characteristics of the

37、 sets 42 C.1.6 Bonding 42 C.1.7 Marking 42 C.1.8 Inspection and tests . 42 C.2 Friction spring/ring spring . 44 C.2.1 Manufacturers marks . 44 C.2.2 Flexibility test 44 C.2.3 Endurance test . 45 C.2.4 Static characteristics for friction spring/ring spring 45 C.2.5 Dynamic characteristics for frictio

38、n spring/ring spring 45 C.3 Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic systems . 45 C.3.1 General . 45 C.3.2 Absorbing energy medium 46 C.3.3 Static tests of capsules 46 C.4 Combined elastic systems 46 Annex D (normative) Testing of static characteristics of buffers . 47 D.1 Test principle . 47 D.2 Test procedure

39、47 D.3 Measurements . 47 Annex E (normative) Dynamic testing . 48 E.1 Dynamic testing of buffer 48 E.1.1 General . 48 E.1.2 Temperature effects 50 E.2 Dynamic characteristics of 105 mm stroke buffer . 50 E.2.1 Test programme 50 E.2.2 Category A . 52 E.2.3 Category B . 52 E.2.4 Category C 53 E.2.5 Co

40、mments on the test conditions 53 E.3 Dynamic characteristics of 150 mm stroke buffer . 53 E.3.1 General . 53 E.3.2 Comments on test conditions . 54 E.4 Dynamic characteristics of 110 mm stroke buffer . 55 Annex F (normative) Endurance testing under service load for elastic system . 56 F.1 Aim of the

41、 test 56 F.2 Test principle . 56 BS EN 15551:2017EN 15551:2017 (E) 4 F.3 Test results to be obtained . 56 F.4 Test procedure 57 F.4.1 Endurance test assembly . 57 F.4.2 Preliminary static test 57 F.4.3 Endurance test 58 F.4.4 Final static test 58 Annex G (normative) Endurance testing under buffing l

42、oad for life-cycle simulation 59 G.1 Endurance tests for elastic systems for wagons . 59 G.1.1 Aim of the test 59 G.1.2 Test principle . 59 G.1.3 Test results to be obtained . 59 G.1.4 Test procedure 59 G.1.5 Delivery of elastic systems 61 G.2 Endurance tests for elastic systems for coaches . 62 G.2

43、.1 General . 62 G.2.2 Tests under alternating loads 62 G.2.3 Repeated buffing tests 63 G.2.4 Conditions to be observed 63 Annex H (informative) Guidelines for buffer head materials . 64 H.1 Example of test program requirements for verification of buffer head materials 64 H.2 Buffer head materials .

44、65 Annex I (normative) Calculation of the width of buffer heads 67 I.1 General . 67 I.1.1 Introduction . 67 I.1.2 Comments on the preparation of the formulae in this annex 67 I.1.3 Track . 67 I.1.4 Vehicle 67 I.2 Data used in the calculation . 68 I.3 Calculation 68 Annex J (normative) Crashworthy bu

45、ffers for tank wagons 72 J.1 Requirements on crashworthy buffers 72 J.1.1 Objectives 72 J.1.2 Additional requirements . 72 J.2 Test procedure for crashworthy buffers . 72 Annex K (normative) Maximum space envelope of crashworthy buffers. 74 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European S

46、tandard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2008/57/EC . 77 Bibliography . 80 Figures Figure 1 Force-stroke diagram for stored and absorbed energy 13 Figure 2 Mounting of buffers with non-metallic insert or head (top view for freight wagons) 17 Figure 3 Fixing dimensions of 105 mm and 150

47、 mm stroke buffers for interchangeability . 18 Figure 4 Points of application of forces . 20 Figure 5 Location of the mark . 22 Figure 6 Marking . 23 BS EN 15551:2017EN 15551:2017 (E) 5 Figure 7 Boundary dimensions and minimum surface of buffer heads. 25 Figure A.1 Dimension of the maximum space env

48、elope of buffer Side view 29 Figure A.2 Cross section A A 30 Figure A.3 Cross section B B 30 Figure A.4 Cross section C C 30 Figure A.5 Cross section D D . 31 Figure A.6 Cross section E E 31 Figure A.7 Cross section F F 32 Figure A.8 Dimension of the buffer: Cross sections G G, H H, K K and L L . 32

49、 Figure A.9 Dimension of the maximum space envelope of buffer for coaches Side view . 33 Figure B.1 Location of measurement 36 Figure B.2 Tool for application of force F3 . 37 Figure F.1 Definition of heights 56 Figure F.2 Representation of the stored energy . 57 Figure F.3 Endurance test under service load . 58 Figure G.1 Determination of the buffer strokes for endurance test 60 Figure I.1 The position of the bogie vehicles in the track . 70 Figure I.2 The position of the other vehicles (non bogie ve