EN 15892-2011 en Railway applications - Noise Emission - Measurement of noise inside driver-s cabs《铁路应用-噪声发射测量噪声在司机的出租车》.pdf

1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 15892:2011Railway applications NoiseEmission Measurement ofnoise inside drivers cabsBS EN 15892:2011 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implem

2、entation of EN 15892:2011.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee EH/1/2, Transport noise.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a

3、 contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2011ISBN 978 0 580 65156 4ICS 17.140.30; 45.060.10Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on

4、28 February 2011.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 15892:2011EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 15892 February 2011 ICS 17.140.30; 45.060.10 English Version Railway applications - Noise Emission - Measurement of noise inside drivers cabs Applications ferrov

5、iaires - Emission de bruit - Mesurage du bruit dans la cabine de conduite Bahnanwendungen - Geruschemission - Geruschmessung im Fhrerraum This European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 December 2010. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the cond

6、itions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exist

7、s in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national stan

8、dards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and

9、United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 15892:20

10、11: EBS EN 15892:2011EN 15892:2011 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 31 Scope 42 Normative references 43 Terms and definitions .44 Measurement quantities 65 Instrumentation and calibration .65.1 Instrumentation 65.2 Calibration 66 Tests when sounding the external warning horn .66.1 Test conditions 66.1.1

11、 Environmental conditions .66.1.2 Vehicle conditions .66.1.3 Track conditions 76.2 Test procedure .77 Tests with the vehicle at maximum speed 87.1 Test conditions 87.1.1 Environmental conditions .87.1.2 Vehicle conditions .87.1.3 Track conditions 97.2 Test procedure .98 Test report . 10Annex A (info

12、rmative) Guidance on the quantification of track quality for maximum speed testing . 11Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2008/57/EC . 13Bibliography . 15BS EN 15892:2011EN 15892:2011 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 1589

13、2:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2011, and confli

14、cting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This documen

15、t has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN/CENELEC/ETSI by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of the Directive 2008/57/EC. For relationship with EC Directive 2008/57/EC, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of thi

16、s document. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Icel

17、and, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 15892:2011EN 15892:2011 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a type test method to measure noise levels in

18、side the drivers cabs of railway vehicles for assessing compliance with the relevant European legislation. NOTE The relevant European legislation includes Directive 2003/10/EC of 6 February 2003 and the Commission Decisions of 23 December 2005 (Technical specification for interoperability relating t

19、o the subsystem rolling stock noise of the trans-European conventional rail system) and of 21 February 2008 (Technical specification for interoperability relating to the rolling stock sub-system of the trans-European high-speed rail system). This method is applicable to: the measurement of noise ins

20、ide drivers cab resulting from the sounding of external warning horns when the vehicle is stationary; the measurement of noise inside the driver cab while the vehicle is running. The method is not applicable to: complementary measurements that can be requested for acceptance tests, but which are not

21、 required by the TSIs referred to in this standard; the measurement of the noise from internal and external audible devices other than external warning horns; routine monitoring of the noise exposure of train crew. The test procedures specified in this European Standard are of engineering grade (gra

22、de 2) with a precision of 2 dB, which is the preferred method for noise declaration purposes, as defined in EN ISO 12001. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undate

23、d references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 15153-2, Railway applications External visible and audible warning devices for high speed trains Part 2: Warning horns EN 60942:2003, Electroacoustics Sound calibrators (IEC 60942:2003) EN 61672-1:2003

24、, Electroacoustics Sound level meters Part 1: Specifications (IEC 61672-1:2002) EN 61672-2, Electroacoustics Sound level meters Part 2: Pattern evaluation tests (IEC 61672-2:2003) EN ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories (ISO/IEC 17025:2005) 3

25、 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. BS EN 15892:2011EN 15892:2011 (E) 5 3.1 acoustic roughness r(x) variation of the height of the rail running surface associated with rolling noise excitation expressed as a function of distance x alon

26、g the rail EN 15610:2009 NOTE For information, see EN 15610. 3.2 acoustic roughness level Lrlevel expressed in decibels, related to 1,0 m, given by the following equation: =202RMSrrrlg10L (1) where Lris the acoustic roughness level in dB; rRMSis the root mean square roughness in m; r0is the referenc

27、e roughness; r0= 1,0 m. NOTE 1 Adapted from EN 15610:2009. NOTE 2 For information, see EN 15610. NOTE 3 This definition applies to values measured either as a wavelength spectrum or in a particular wavelength band. 3.3 acoustic roughness spectrum amplitude of the acoustic roughness level expressed a

28、s a function of the wavelength NOTE Adapted from EN 15610:2009. 3.4 A-weighted equivalent continuous sound pressure level LpAeq,TA-weighted sound pressure level given by the following equation: (2) where LpAeq,Tis the A-weighted equivalent continuous sound pressure level, in dB; pA(t) is the A-weigh

29、ted instantaneous sound pressure; )( r ( )d 1lg10 0 2 0 2 A TpAeq, = T t p t p T LBS EN 15892:2011EN 15892:2011 (E) 6 p0is the reference sound pressure; p0= 20 Pa; T is the measurement time interval, in s 3.5 external warning horn device or assembly capable of producing audible warning tones to warn

30、 of the trains presence, which covers pneumatic or electric horns, whistles and similar devices 4 Measurement quantities All noise measurements shall be reported in terms of A-weighted equivalent continuous sound pressure level, LpAeq,T, over a definedmeasurement time interval, T in seconds. 5 Instr

31、umentation and calibration 5.1 Instrumentation Each component of the instrumentation system shall meet the requirements for a type 1 instrument specified in EN 61672-1:2003. A suitable microphone windscreen shall always be used for external measurements and is recommended for in-cab measurement. The

32、 compliance of the calibrator with the requirements of EN 60942 shall be verified at least once a year. The compliance of the instrumentation system with the requirements of EN 61672-1 and EN 61672-2 shall be verified at least every 2 years. The date of the last verification of the compliance with t

33、he relevant European Standards shall be recorded. 5.2 Calibration Before and after each series of measurements a sound calibrator meeting the requirements of Class 1 according to EN 60942:2003 shall be applied to the microphone(s) for verifying the calibration of the entire measuring system at one o

34、r more frequencies over the frequency range of interest. If the difference between the two calibrations is more than 0,5 dB, all the measurement results shall be rejected. 6 Tests when sounding the external warning horn 6.1 Test conditions 6.1.1 Environmental conditions The train shall be positioned

35、 in an open environment, and therefore not in a building or in a tunnel. Except for the ground, there shall not be any acoustically reflective (hard) surfaces comprising such materials as steel or concrete, including other trains and fixed structures, within 10 m of the external surfaces of the side

36、s of the cab within which tests are being undertaken. Similarly, there shall not be any acoustically reflective surfaces within 25 m of the external surface of the front end of the cab. 6.1.2 Vehicle conditions The vehicle shall be stationary. BS EN 15892:2011EN 15892:2011 (E) 7 Air management syste

37、ms, including grilles, filters and fans, shall be clear of any obstruction. Windscreen wipers shall not be in operation during the measurements. During the measurements, the doors and windows of the vehicle shall be kept closed. The minimum number of people necessary to carry out the acoustic tests

38、shall be present in the cab during the measurements. The cab shall be in the condition that will apply when in service. The horns shall be inspected for debris, which shall be removed if found to be present. NOTE The sound source that is to be measured, the external warning horn, is inherently of hi

39、gh sound level, and therefore typical internal background noise levels in the cab when stationary are unlikely to interfere with the measured results. Nevertheless, it is advisable to run only those systems on the train that are essential to allow the external warning horn to sound, and to avoid pos

40、itioning the vehicle at locations where other high noise level sources are present. 6.1.3 Track conditions No track condition. 6.2 Test procedure The stationary measurements require the noise level in the vicinity of the drivers ears to be quantified when the external warning horn is sounded. When t

41、he cab contains more than one set of complete driving controls, the test shall be carried out at each of these positions. This is not necessary at auxiliary driving positions where a full set of controls is not present. When the external warning horn has more than one operating control, the test sha

42、ll be carried out using each of these controls. If the vehicle or multiple unit has two cabs and is symmetrical about its longitudinal centre, it is only necessary to carry out the full test within one cab provided the horn configuration and installation is identical for both cabs. If this is not th

43、e case, the tests shall be carried out in both cabs and the higher resultant level shall be recorded. Sound pressure levels shall be measured at the normal operational energy level available on the vehicle. When the external warning horn has two or more tones or chords the following tests shall be c

44、arried out for both or all of these. When the acoustic warning has an option for a loud or quiet setting, the loud setting shall be used. Measurement conditions shall comply with EN 15153-2 for the measurement of horn performances. If the value of LpAeq,T measured under these conditions is outside t

45、he range specified for this test within EN 15153-2, or if these measured levels before and after the stationary cab noise measurements differ by more than 3 dB, the cab noise results are invalid. The background noise level within the cab shall be measured and recorded at the beginning and end of the

46、 stationary measurement, in terms of LpAeq,Tover a measurement time interval, T, of 20 s. This measurement shall be obtained at the same position on both occasions, and that position is to be chosen from one of the available eight locations as defined below. The measurement shall be carried out at e

47、ight evenly spaced microphone positions in a horizontal plane at the height of a seated drivers ears, at a radius of 25 cm, while the external warning horn is sounding. The position of the seated drivers ears, if not defined elsewhere, shall be taken at 0,80 m 0,05 m vertically above the centroid of

48、 the unloaded seat surface. If the seat height is adjustable, this adjustment shall be set at midrange. The height of this nominal position for the drivers seat above the floor shall be recorded. NOTE 1 In case a headrest present hindrance for mounting the microphones, it is permissible to remove th

49、e headrest or to use a measurement height as close as possible to the specified measurement height. If not defined elsewhere, the level of the drivers ear for standing operation shall be taken as 1,6 m above the floor. BS EN 15892:2011EN 15892:2011 (E) 8 The measurements at these eight positions shall be acquired: either by using a single microphone which is moved to each required position, or by using an array of eight microphones, allowing simultaneou