EN 16054-2012 en BMX bicycles - Safety requirements and test methods《自行车-安全要求和测试方法》.pdf

1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 16054:2012BMX bicycles Safety requirements and test methodsBS EN 16054:2012 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 16054:2012

2、. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to T e c h n i c a l Committee GME/25, Cycles.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are r

3、esponsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2012. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2012.ISBN 978 0 580 69835 4 ICS 43.150 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the St

4、andards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2012.Amendments issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS EN 16054:2012EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 16054 September 2012 ICS 43.150 English Version BMX bicycles - Safety requirements and test methods Bicyclett

5、e BMX - Exigences de scurit et mthodes dessai BMX-Fahrrder - Sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen und Prfverfahren This European Standard was approved by CEN on 27 July 2012. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this Europ

6、ean Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions

7、 (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Bel

8、gium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switz

9、erland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. R

10、ef. No. EN 16054:2012: EBS EN 16054:2012EN 16054:2012 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 41 Scope 52 Normative references 53 Terms and definitions .54 Requirements and test methods 74.1 Numbers and condition of test specimens .74.2 Accuracy tolerances and test conditions .74.2.1 Accuracy Tolerances 74.2.2

11、 Test conditions Fatigue tests 84.3 Crack detection methods 84.4 Sharp edges .84.5 Protrusions .84.5.1 Requirements .84.5.2 Test method . 104.5.3 Pegs . 104.6 Security and strength of safety-related fasteners . 114.6.1 Security of screws 114.6.2 Minimal failure torque 114.6.3 Folding bicycle 114.6.4

12、 Quick release devices 114.7 Pegs/axles assembly 114.7.1 Pegs Resistance to loosening 114.7.2 Resistance to deflection 124.8 Brakes 134.8.1 Braking-systems . 134.8.2 Hand-operated brakes 134.8.3 Attachment of brake assembly and cable requirements 164.8.4 Brake adjustment 164.8.5 Brake-block and brak

13、e-pad assemblies Security test 164.8.6 Hand-operated braking-system Strength test . 174.8.7 Braking performance 174.9 Steering 274.9.1 Handlebar dimensions . 274.9.2 Handlebar grips and plugs 274.9.3 Handlebar-stem with quill Insertion-depth mark or positive stop 284.9.4 A-head set stem Handlebar st

14、em-extension to fork-stem Clamping requirements 284.9.5 Steering stability . 294.9.6 Handlebar and stem assembly 294.9.7 Handlebar-stem to fork-stem Torsional security test. 324.9.8 Handlebar and stem assembly Fatigue test 334.9.9 Handlebar/stem assembly impact test . 344.10 Frame . 354.10.1 Dummy f

15、ork characteristics 354.10.2 Frame Impact test (falling mass) 364.10.3 Frame Impact test (falling frame) 384.10.4 Frame Fatigue test with pedalling forces 394.10.5 Frame Fatigue test with horizontal forces . 414.11 Fork 424.11.1 Front fork Means of location of the axle and wheel retention . 424.11.2

16、 Front fork Static bending test . 424.11.3 Front fork Rearward impact test . 43BS EN 16054:2012EN 16054:2012 (E) 3 4.11.4 Front fork Bending fatigue test . 454.12 Wheels and wheel/tyre assemblies . 454.12.1 Rotational accuracy 454.12.2 Wheel/tyre assembly Clearance 464.12.3 Wheel/tyre assembly Stati

17、c strength test. 474.12.4 Wheel retention 474.13 Rims, tyres and tubes . 484.13.1 General . 484.13.2 Tyre inflation pressure 484.13.3 Tyre and rim compatibility 484.13.4 Rim-wear. 494.13.5 Wheel/tyre assembly Impact test 494.14 Pedals and pedal/crank drive system . 504.14.1 Pedal tread . 504.14.2 Pe

18、dal clearance . 504.14.3 Pedal/pedal-spindle assembly Static strength test 514.14.4 Pedal/pedal-spindle Dynamic durability test . 524.14.5 Crank/pedal assembly impact test and plastic pedal impact test 534.14.6 Drive-system - Static strength test 544.14.7 Crank assembly Fatigue tests . 554.15 Saddle

19、 and seat-pillars . 574.15.1 General . 574.15.2 Limiting dimensions 574.15.3 Seat-pillar Insertion-depth mark or positive stop 574.15.4 Saddle/seat pillar - Security test 584.15.5 Saddle - Static strength test . 594.15.6 Saddle and seat-pillar clamp Fatigue test 594.15.7 Seat-pillar clamp - Static t

20、est . 604.16 Drive-chain . 614.17 Chain guard 614.17.1 Requirement . 614.17.2 Chain-wheel disc diameter . 614.17.3 Chain protective device 624.18 Lighting systems and reflectors 634.18.1 Lighting and reflectors 634.18.2 Wiring harness . 634.19 Warning device 635 Manufacturers instructions . 636 Mark

21、ing . 646.1 Requirement . 646.2 Durability test . 656.2.1 Requirement . 656.2.2 Test method . 65Bibliography 66BS EN 16054:2012EN 16054:2012 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 16054:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 333 “Cycles”, the secretariat of which is held by UNI. This Europe

22、an Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements

23、of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this Europea

24、n Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Sloven

25、ia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 16054:2012EN 16054:2012 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies safety and performance requirements for the design, assembly and testing of BMX bicycles and sub-assemblies intended for use in any type of location such as roa

26、ds and/or tracks and/or ramps. It applies to specialised types of bicycle designed and equipped for activities such as acrobatic ground manoeuvres, stunting and aerobatic manoeuvres and lays down guidelines for instructions on the use and care of such BMX bicycles. It applies to BMX bicycles on whic

27、h the saddle height can be adjusted to provide a minimum saddle height of 435 mm or more. It applies to: a) category 1, BMX designed for a rider mass of 45 kg or less; b) category 2, BMX designed for a rider mass more than 45 kg. It does not apply to BMX bicycles for use in sanctioned competition ev

28、ents. No requirements on lighting set, reflectors and warning devices are specified in this European Standard due to the existence of several different national regulations applicable in the European countries. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively refe

29、renced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 1101, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) Geometrical toleran

30、cing Tolerances of form, orientation, location and run-out (ISO 1101) ISO 9633, Cycle chains Characteristics and test methods 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 BMX bicycle designed for use in any type of location such as roads,

31、tracks and/or ramps and equipped with single speed freewheel transmission, no suspension systems and no back pedal brake 3.2 free-wheel transmission gearing mechanism which is designed to disengage the wheel from the pedal mechanism in one rotating direction 3.3 peg component that allows the rider t

32、o stand during aerobatic manoeuvres or to slide on static objects 3.4 rotor part of the brake system that allows an infinite rotation of the steering system around its axis BS EN 16054:2012EN 16054:2012 (E) 6 3.5 cycle vehicle that has at least two wheels and is propelled solely or mainly by the mus

33、cular energy of the person on that vehicle, in particular by means of pedals 3.6 bicycle two-wheeled cycle 3.7 fully-assembled bicycle bicycle fitted with all components necessary for its intended use 3.8 maximum saddle height vertical distance from the ground to the top of the seat surface, measure

34、d with the seat in a horizontal position and with the seat-pillar set to the minimum insertion depth 3.9 braking distance distance travelled by a bicycle between the commencement of braking (3.10) and the point at which the bicycle comes to rest 3.10 commencement of braking point on the test track o

35、r test machine at which the brake actuating device operated directly by the riders hand or by a test mechanism starts to move from its rest position, on the test track this point being determined by the first brake actuating device (front or rear) to operate 3.11 braking force FBrtangential rearward

36、 force between the tyre and the ground or the tyre and the drum or belt of the test machine 3.12 rim-brake brake in which brake-shoes act on the rim of the wheel 3.13 pedal tread-surface surface of a pedal that is presented to the underside of the foot 3.14 crank assembly assembly which, for fatigue

37、 testing, consists of the two cranks, the pedal-spindles (possibly with adaptors), the bottom-bracket spindle, and the first component of the drive system, e.g. the chain-wheel cluster 3.15 visible crack crack which results from a test where that crack is visible to the naked eye 3.16 fracture unint

38、entional separation into two or more parts 3.17 wheel-base distance between the axes of the front and rear wheels of an un-laden bicycle BS EN 16054:2012EN 16054:2012 (E) 7 3.18 wheel assembly or combination of hub, spokes or disc, and rim, but excluding the tyre 3.19 quick-release device device to

39、fix or release a part without a tool 3.20 maximum inflation pressure maximum tyre pressure recommended by the tyre manufacturer 3.21 exposed protrusion protrusion which, through its location and rigidity, could present a hazard to the rider either through heavy contact with it in normal use or shoul

40、d the rider fall onto it in an accident 4 Requirements and test methods 4.1 Numbers and condition of test specimens In general, for static, impact and fatigue tests, each test shall be conducted on a new test sample, but if only one sample is available, it is permissible to conduct all of these test

41、s on the same sample with the sequence of testing being fatigue, static and impact. If more than one test is conducted on the same sample, the test sequence shall be clearly recorded in the test report or record of testing. NOTE It should be noted that if more than one test is conducted on the same

42、sample, earlier tests can influence the results of subsequent tests. In addition, if a sample fails when it has been subjected to more than one test, a direct comparison with single testing is not possible. In all strength tests, specimens shall be in the fully finished condition. 4.2 Accuracy toler

43、ances and test conditions 4.2.1 Accuracy Tolerances Unless stated otherwise, accuracy tolerances based on the nominal values shall be as follows: forces and torques 0/+ 5 %; masses and weights 1 %; dimensions 1 mm; angles 1; time duration 5 s; temperatures 2 C; pressures 5 %. BS EN 16054:2012EN 1605

44、4:2012 (E) 8 4.2.2 Test conditions Fatigue tests The shape of the signal is not specified in the standard. However, the intention is for the force to be applied and released progressively. Unless stated otherwise, the frequency shall be adapted to insure a good application of the loading and shall n

45、ot exceed 10 Hz. To allow for the initial settling of carbon-fibre components, the initial value has to be taken on the mean of 10 cycles after 1 000 load cycles. 4.3 Crack detection methods Standardised methods should be used to emphasise the presence of cracks where visible cracks are specified as

46、 criteria of failure in tests specified in this standard (see 3.15). NOTE For example, suitable dye-penetrant methods are specified in EN ISO 3452 series. 4.4 Sharp edges Exposed edges that could come into contact with the riders hands, legs, etc., during normal riding or normal handling and normal

47、maintenance shall not be sharp. 4.5 Protrusions 4.5.1 Requirements 4.5.1.1 Exposed protrusions Any rigid exposed protrusion longer than 8 mm (see L in Figure 1) after assembly except: a) the rim-brake mechanism at the front and rear wheels; b) a lamp-bracket fitted on the headtube; c) reflectors; d)

48、 clipless attachment mechanism; e) chainwheels and sprockets; f) bottle carrier; g) brake rotor; h) pedal tread; shall terminate in a radius, R (see Figure 1), of not less than 6,3 mm. Such protrusions shall have a major end dimension, A, not less than 12,7 mm and a minor dimension, B, not less than 3,2 mm. BS EN 16054:2012EN 16054:2012 (E) 9 Dimensions in millimetres Key R 6,3 A 12,7 B 3,2 Figure 1 Ex