EN 16482-2012 en Founding - Continuous cast iron bars《铸造 连续铸造铁条》.pdf

1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 16482:2014Founding Continuous castiron barsBS EN 16482:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 16482:2014. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee ISE/111, Steel Castings and Forging

2、s.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2014.Published by BSI Stan

3、dards Limited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 79933 4ICS 77.080.10Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2014.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationD

4、ate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS EN 16482:2014EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 16482 June 2014 ICS 77.080.10 English Version Founding - Continuous cast iron bars Fonderie - Barres de fonte par coule continue Gieereiwesen - Gusseisen-Strangguss This European Standard was approved by

5、CEN on 28 February 2014. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national stand

6、ards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and no

7、tified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,

8、Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC M

9、anagement Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 16482:2014 EBS EN 16482:2014EN 16482:2014 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3

10、Terms and definitions .5 4 Designation 6 5 Order information 6 6 Manufacture 6 7 Requirements .7 8 Sampling 12 9 Test methods . 12 10 Retests . 15 11 Inspection documentation . 16 Annex A (informative) Guidance values for hardness of spheroidal graphite cast iron bars 17 Annex B (informative) Dimens

11、ional allowances for continuous cast bars 18 B.1 Machining allowances 18 B.2 Ovality allowances 19 B.3 Swell allowances. 19 Annex C (normative) Location of samples cut from a bar . 20 Annex D (informative) Additional information on mechanical and physical properties of spheroidal graphite cast irons

12、 21 Bibliography . 25 BS EN 16482:2014EN 16482:2014 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 16482:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 190 “Foundry technology”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publi

13、cation of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2014 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2014. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC

14、 shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Within its programme of work, Technical Committee CEN/TC 190 requested CEN/TC 190/WG 7 “Spheroidal graphite, silicon molybdenum and ausferritic cast iron” to prepare the following standard: EN 16482, Founding Continuous ca

15、st iron bars According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

16、, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 16482:2014EN 16482:2014 (E) 4 Introduction The European Standards EN

17、 1561 4 and EN 1563 5 classify grey cast irons and spheroidal graphite cast irons respectively, which are cast in sand moulds or moulds of comparable thermal behaviour. This European Standard classifies grey cast iron and spheroidal graphite cast iron bars, which are produced by the continuous casti

18、ng process. Due to the high cooling rate during solidification and further cooling, both graphite and matrix structure differ from those obtained by sand casting and consequently the mechanical properties in relation to section thickness 8, 9. The mechanical properties of continuous cast iron bars a

19、re evaluated on machined test pieces prepared from samples cut from the bars. However, for many applications tensile strength or hardness are not the only interesting or determining properties. Other mechanical or physical properties can be decisive for the use of grey cast iron or spheroidal graphi

20、te cast iron, for example: thermal capacity, thermal diffusivity, damping capacity, thermo-cycle fatigue and toughness. Additional technical data for grey cast irons is given in EN 1561 and for spheroidal graphite cast irons in EN 1563 and Annex D of this European Standard. BS EN 16482:2014EN 16482:

21、2014 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard defines the grades of grey cast iron and spheroidal graphite cast iron bars, which have been produced by the continuous casting process. This European Standard specifies the characterizing properties of grey cast iron bars by either: a) the tensile strength

22、measured on machined test pieces prepared from samples cut from the bars, or b) the hardness measured on the bars. If agreed by the manufacturer and the purchaser, the combination of both tensile strength from option a) and hardness from option b) may be specified. This European Standard specifies t

23、he characterizing properties of spheroidal graphite cast iron bars by the tensile strength measured on machined test pieces prepared from samples cut from the bars. This European Standard specifies 4 grades of grey cast iron and 14 grades of spheroidal graphite cast iron by a classification based on

24、 tensile strength and 4 grades of grey cast iron by a classification based on Brinell hardness. This European Standard specifies also the straightness of the bars. This European Standard does not cover technical delivery conditions for iron castings (see EN 1559-1 1 and EN 1559-3 2). 2 Normative ref

25、erences The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

26、 EN 10204, Metallic products - Types of inspection documents EN ISO 945-1, Microstructure of cast irons - Part 1: Graphite classification by visual analysis (ISO 945-1) EN ISO 6506-1, Metallic materials - Brinell hardness test - Part 1: Test method (ISO 6506-1) EN ISO 6892-1, Metallic materials - Te

27、nsile testing - Part 1: Method of test at room temperature (ISO 6892-1) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 grey cast iron cast material, mainly iron and carbon based, carbon being present mainly in the form of flake (lamellar) gr

28、aphite particles Note 1 to entry: Grey cast iron is also known as flake graphite cast iron, and less commonly as lamellar graphite cast iron. SOURCE: EN 1561:2011, 3.1 BS EN 16482:2014EN 16482:2014 (E) 6 3.2 spheroidal graphite cast iron cast material, iron, carbon and silicon based, the carbon bein

29、g present mainly in the form of spheroidal graphite particles Note 1 to entry: Spheroidal graphite cast iron is also known as ductile iron, and less commonly as nodular iron. SOURCE: EN 1563:2011, 3.1 3.3 ferritic to pearlitic cast irons grey cast iron and spheroidal graphite cast iron with a matrix

30、 containing ferrite or pearlite or a combination of both 3.4 solid-solution strengthened ferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron spheroidal graphite cast iron with a matrix mainly consisting of ferrite, solution strengthened mainly by silicon 3.5 graphite spheroidizing treatment operation that brings

31、 the liquid iron into contact with a substance to produce graphite in the predominantly spheroidal (nodular) form during solidification Note 1 to entry: This operation is often followed by a second one called inoculation. SOURCE: EN 1563:2011, 3.4 3.6 sample quantity of material cut from the continu

32、ous cast bar to represent the cast material 4 Designation The material shall be designated in accordance with Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3. NOTE The designation system is specified in EN 1560 3. 5 Order information The following information shall be supplied by the purchaser: a) the number of this E

33、uropean Standard; b) the designation of the material; c) the dimensions of the bar; d) any special requirements. All requirements shall be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser by the time of acceptance of the order, e.g. technical delivery conditions according to EN 1559-1 and EN 1559-3

34、. 6 Manufacture The methods of producing grey cast iron and spheroidal graphite cast iron continuous cast bars and their chemical compositions shall be left to the discretion of the manufacturer who shall ensure that the requirements of this European Standard are met for the material grade specified

35、 in the order. BS EN 16482:2014EN 16482:2014 (E) 7 For the cast irons to be used in special applications, the chemical composition and the heat treatment may be the subject of an agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser. All agreements between the manufacturer and the purchaser shall be

36、made by the time of the acceptance of the order. 7 Requirements 7.1 Characterizing properties The order shall specify in an unambiguous manner whether the tensile strength measured on a test piece machined from samples cut from the continuous cast bars or the Brinell hardness measured on the bars is

37、 the characterizing property. If it does not do so, then the manufacturer shall characterize the material according to tensile strength. 7.2 Tensile properties 7.2.1 General The property values apply to grey cast iron and spheroidal graphite cast iron bars produced by the continuous casting process.

38、 Tensile properties are dependant of the bar diameter as shown in Table 1 and Table 2. For rectangular bars, the corresponding diameter D for the determination of the minimum tensile properties shall be calculated with Formula (1): ( )( )BHBHD+=2(1) where D is the corresponding bar diameter in milli

39、metres (mm); H is the height of the bar in millimetres (mm); B is the width of the bar in millimetres (mm). NOTE Tensile testing requires sound test pieces in order to guarantee pure uni-axial stress during the test. For bar diameters 400 mm, the minimum tensile properties to be obtained shall be ag

40、reed between the manufacturer and the purchaser by the time of acceptance of the order. 7.2.2 Test pieces machined from samples cut from the bar The tensile properties, when measured in accordance with 9.1 using test pieces machined from samples cut from the bar, shall be in accordance with the requ

41、irements of Table 1 for grey cast irons or Table 2 for spheroidal graphite cast irons. BS EN 16482:2014EN 16482:2014 (E) 8 Table 1 Tensile properties of continuous cast grey cast iron bars Material designation Bar diameter Tensile strength Matrix structure D Rm(for information only) mm MPa Symbol Nu

42、mber min. EN-GJL-150C 5.1102 20 Ls, to suit clamping device. aThe cross-sectional area Soshall be calculated. bRecommended dimensions. Figure 1 Dimensions of grey cast iron tensile test pieces 9.1.3 Tensile test for spheroidal graphite cast irons The dimensions of the test piece shall conform to the

43、 dimensions given in Figure 2. The preferred test piece diameter is 14 mm but, for technical reasons, it is permitted to use a test piece of different diameter. BS EN 16482:2014EN 16482:2014 (E) 14 In all cases the original gauge length of the test piece shall conform to Formula (2): dSL = 565,5oo(2

44、) where Lois the original gauge length; Sois the original cross-section area of the test piece; d is the diameter of the test piece along the gauge length. If the above formula for Lois not applicable, then an agreement shall be made between the manufacturer and the purchaser on the dimensions of th

45、e test piece to be made. A test piece with a different gauge length may be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser. Dimensions in millimetres d LoLcmin. 5 25 30 7 35 42 10 50 60 14 70 84 20 100 120 where Lois the original gauge length, i.e. Lo= 5 d; d is the diameter of the test piece

46、 along the gauge length; Lcis the parallel length, Lc Lo(in principle, Lc Lo d); Ltis the total length of the test piece, which depends on Lc; r is the transition radius, which shall be at least 4 mm. The method of gripping the ends of the test piece, together with their length ltmay be agreed betwe

47、en the manufacturer and the purchaser. Figure 2 Dimensions of spheroidal graphite cast iron tensile test pieces BS EN 16482:2014EN 16482:2014 (E) 15 9.2 Hardness test The hardness shall be determined as Brinell hardness in accordance with EN ISO 6506-1. NOTE In case of cast irons, larger nominal bal

48、l diameters, e.g. 5 mm or 10 mm, will give more consistent average Brinell hardness results. Alternative hardness tests may also be agreed upon. The test shall be carried out on the samples cut from the bar. If the measuring points are not the subject of an agreement, they shall be chosen by the man

49、ufacturer. 9.3 Graphite and matrix structure examination The graphite and matrix structure shall be confirmed by metallographic examination. Non-destructive methods can also give information. In case of a dispute, the result of a microscopic examination shall prevail. 9.4 Measurement of straightness According to EN ISO 1101 6, straightness is included with form and orientational tolerances. The tolerance f is delineated by two parallel straight lines separated by a distance in the plane of measurement. Key f deviation from straight line l