1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 16502:2014Test method for thedetermination of the degreeof soil acidity according toBaumann-GullyBS EN 16502:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 16502:2014.In the UK the most authoritative guidance on assessing the
2、 aggressiveness of soils to concrete is BRE Special Digest 1:2005 entitled Concrete in aggressive ground. It is the opinion of the UK committee that the recommendations of this document form the basis of the guidance in BS 8500-2 with respect to concrete properties and limiting values to resist chem
3、ical attack.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/517, Concrete, to Subcommittee B/517/1, Concrete production and testing.A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to
4、 include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 80558 5ICS 13.080.10Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.T
5、his British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2014.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 16502:2014EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 16502 August 2014 ICS 13.080.10 English Vers
6、ion Test method for the determination of the degree of soil acidity according to Baumann-Gully Mthode dessai pour la dtermination du degr dacidit des sols selon Baumann-Gully Prfverfahren zur Bestimmung des Suregrades eines Bodens nach Baumann-Gully This European Standard was approved by CEN on 18 J
7、uly 2014. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obt
8、ained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the C
9、EN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Irelan
10、d, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centr
11、e: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 16502:2014 EBS EN 16502:2014EN 16502:2014 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Terms and definitions .4 4 Prin
12、ciple 5 5 Apparatus .5 6 Reagents .5 7 Laboratory sample .6 8 Procedure .6 9 Calculation of soil acidity .6 10 Test report 7 11 Precision .7 Bibliography 8 BS EN 16502:2014EN 16502:2014 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Terms and definitions .4 4 Principle 5 5 Appar
13、atus .5 6 Reagents .5 7 Laboratory sample .6 8 Procedure .6 9 Calculation of soil acidity .6 10 Test report 7 11 Precision .7 Bibliography 8 BS EN 16502:2014EN 16502:2014 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 16502:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 104 “Concrete and related products”,
14、 the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2015 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2015. Attent
15、ion is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This European Standard is based on DIN 4030-2, Assessment of water, soil and gases for their
16、 aggressiveness to concrete Part 2: Sampling and analysis of water and soil samples. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Re
17、public, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS
18、 EN 16502:2014EN 16502:2014 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the procedure for the determination of the degree of acidity of a soil to be used for evaluating its class of aggressiveness to EN 206. The degree of acidity according to Baumann-Gully is the result of the determination of ex
19、changeable hydrogen ion concentration that humic particles of a soil release. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
20、references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 206, Concrete Specification, performance, production and conformity EN ISO 385, Laboratory glassware Burettes (ISO 385) EN ISO 1042, Laboratory glassware One-mark volumetric flasks (ISO 1042) ISO 3310-1,
21、 Test sieves Technical requirements and testing Part 1: Test sieves of metal wire cloth ISO 11074, Soil quality Vocabulary 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 11074 and the following apply. 3.1 soil acidity SABGindicates the hydrolytic ac
22、idic level of a soil, expressed as the volume of solution of sodium hydroxide, in millilitres (ml) used per kilogram (kg) of dried soil 3.2 undisturbed sample bulk sample obtained from the soil using a method designed to preserve the soil structure 3.3 disturbed sample bulk sample, obtained from the
23、 soil without any attempt to preserve the soil structure 3.4 laboratory sample reduced sample derived from a bulk sample for laboratory inspection or testing 3.5 subsample sample obtained from the laboratory sample by means of a sample reduction procedure 3.6 test sample portion of material, resulti
24、ng from the laboratory sample by means of an appropriate method of sample pre-treatment, and having the size necessary for the desired testing or analysis 3.7 check sample subsample kept for future analysis BS EN 16502:2014EN 16502:2014 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the procedure fo
25、r the determination of the degree of acidity of a soil to be used for evaluating its class of aggressiveness to EN 206. The degree of acidity according to Baumann-Gully is the result of the determination of exchangeable hydrogen ion concentration that humic particles of a soil release. 2 Normative r
26、eferences The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applie
27、s. EN 206, Concrete Specification, performance, production and conformity EN ISO 385, Laboratory glassware Burettes (ISO 385) EN ISO 1042, Laboratory glassware One-mark volumetric flasks (ISO 1042) ISO 3310-1, Test sieves Technical requirements and testing Part 1: Test sieves of metal wire cloth ISO
28、 11074, Soil quality Vocabulary 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 11074 and the following apply. 3.1 soil acidity SABGindicates the hydrolytic acidic level of a soil, expressed as the volume of solution of sodium hydroxide, in millilitr
29、es (ml) used per kilogram (kg) of dried soil 3.2 undisturbed sample bulk sample obtained from the soil using a method designed to preserve the soil structure 3.3 disturbed sample bulk sample, obtained from the soil without any attempt to preserve the soil structure 3.4 laboratory sample reduced samp
30、le derived from a bulk sample for laboratory inspection or testing 3.5 subsample sample obtained from the laboratory sample by means of a sample reduction procedure 3.6 test sample portion of material, resulting from the laboratory sample by means of an appropriate method of sample pre-treatment, an
31、d having the size necessary for the desired testing or analysis 3.7 check sample subsample kept for future analysis BS EN 16502:2014EN 16502:2014 (E) 5 3.8 test portion quantity of material, of proper size, for measurement of the concentration or other property of interest, removed from the test sam
32、ple 3.9 constant mass mass reached when, during the drying process, the difference between two successive weighings of the cooled sample, with an interval of 4 h between them, does not exceed 0,1 % (m/m) of the last determined mass 4 Principle This European Standard is intended for the determination
33、 of soil acidity by the addition of sodium acetate solution to a prepared dried soil sample. Acetic acid is formed and the volume of sodium hydroxide solution needed to neutralize the acid is measured by volumetric titrimetry. The degree of acidity is expressed as the volume of solution of sodium hy
34、droxide used per kilogram of air dried soil. 5 Apparatus 5.1 Standard laboratory glassware, Erlenmeyer narrow-neck flasks capacity 250 ml or beakers capacity 250 ml, tall form. 5.2 Plate sieve, of 2 mm aperture conforming to the requirements of ISO 3310-1, collecting pan. 5.3 Ventilated oven, thermo
35、statically controlled to maintain a temperature (40 5) C and (105 5) C. 5.4 Sample divider, of sufficient size to accommodate a sample of up to 2 kg. 5.5 Balances or scales, capable of weighing with a maximum permissible error of 0,01 g using a balance of accuracy class II, category 2. 5.6 Desiccato
36、r, containing a drying agent, e.g. silica gel. 5.7 Stirrer, magnetic stirrer and magnetic stir bar coated with inert material, e.g. PTFE. 5.8 Volumetric glassware. The volumetric glassware shall be of analytical accuracy, i.e. class A as defined in EN ISO 385 and EN ISO 1042. 5.9 Filter paper, folde
37、d qualitative filter papers of grade 2V having 150 mm of diameter. 6 Reagents Use only reagents of recognized analytical quality. When used, distilled or deionized water shall have an electrical conductivity not greater than 0,1 mS/m. 6.1 Sodium acetate solution approximately 1 mol/l Dissolve 82,03
38、g of anhydrous sodium acetate in distilled or deionized water in a 1 000 ml volumetric flask and make up to volume with water. BS EN 16502:2014EN 16502:2014 (E) 6 6.2 Sodium hydroxide solution approximately 0,1 mol/l Dissolve 4,00 g of anhydrous sodium hydroxide pellets in water in a 1 000 ml volume
39、tric flask and make up to volume with water. This solution shall be prepared fresh every day or the titer determined each day prior to performing the analysis. 6.3 Phenolphthalein indicator solution Dissolve 0,10 g of phenolphthalein in 100 ml ethylalcohol (min. 90 %). 7 Laboratory sample For undist
40、urbed soils, obtain a laboratory sample per identified layer weighing between 1 kg to 2 kg. Laboratory sample should be taken according EN ISO 22475-1. For disturbed soils, the size and number of laboratory samples to be taken shall be agreed between the parties concerned. Laboratory sample should b
41、e taken according ISO 10381-2. Immediately after sampling, place the laboratory sample in a suitable air-tight container, e.g. a jar equipped with a screw-cap fitted with a rubber ring. 8 Procedure Remove the laboratory soil sample, taken in accordance with Clause 7, from the air-tight container, pl
42、ace it in a collecting pan and dry the sample in an oven kept at 40 C until constant mass is achieved. If a constant mass at 40 C is not achieved in 72 h, then the drying process should be completed at 105 C until constant mass is achieved. NOTE The drying process can be undertaken at 105 C provided
43、 there are no irreversible changes to the sample caused by the drying at this temperature Once dried to constant mass, crumble the laboratory sample gently, mix thoroughly and then divide it in two subsamples using, preferably, a sample divider. Retain one of them as a check sample and place it in a
44、ir-tight storage container. Weigh and record the mass of the other subsample. Using the plate sieve (5.2), sieve the subsample and reclaim and weigh the fraction passing through the sieve (test sample). Discard the materiel retained on the sieve. Thoroughly mix the test sample and then take a test p
45、ortion of (100 1) g. Record the mass of the test sample msample, in kilograms (kg). Mix this portion with (200 1) ml of the sodium acetate solution (6.1) and stir or shake continuously for at least 1 h or longer until the test sample is evenly dispersed. Filter the suspension on a dry filter paper (
46、5.9), without re-washing. Titrate an aliquot corresponding to half of the volume of filtrate by adding the sodium hydroxide solution (6.2), using the phenolphthalein indicator (6.3) or any equivalent titration method. Record the volume V1in millilitres of sodium hydroxide solution (6.2) used to neut
47、ralize the acetic acid. 9 Calculation of soil acidity Calculate the degree of soil acidity according to Baumann-Gully, expressed as SABG, in millilitres of sodium hydroxide solution per kilogram of dried soil (ml/kg), from the following equation: SABG= 2 V1/ msamplewhere BS EN 16502:2014EN 16502:201
48、4 (E) 6 6.2 Sodium hydroxide solution approximately 0,1 mol/l Dissolve 4,00 g of anhydrous sodium hydroxide pellets in water in a 1 000 ml volumetric flask and make up to volume with water. This solution shall be prepared fresh every day or the titer determined each day prior to performing the analy
49、sis. 6.3 Phenolphthalein indicator solution Dissolve 0,10 g of phenolphthalein in 100 ml ethylalcohol (min. 90 %). 7 Laboratory sample For undisturbed soils, obtain a laboratory sample per identified layer weighing between 1 kg to 2 kg. Laboratory sample should be taken according EN ISO 22475-1. For disturbed soils, the size and number of laboratory samples to be taken shall be agreed between the parties concerned. Laboratory sample should be taken according ISO 10381-2. Immediately after sampling, place the laboratory sampl
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