1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 16627:2015Sustainability of constructionworks Assessment ofeconomic performance ofbuildings CalculationmethodsBS EN 16627:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 16627:2015.The UK participation in its preparation was e
2、ntrusted to TechnicalCommittee B/558, Sustainability of construction works.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapp
3、lication. The British Standards Institution 2015. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 79340 0ICS 91.040.01Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Commi
4、ttee on 30 June 2015.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 16627:2015EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 16627 June 2015 ICS 91.040.01 English Version Sustainability of construction works - Assessment of economic performance of buildings - Calculation methods Co
5、ntribution des ouvrages de construction au dveloppement durable - valuation de la performance conomique des btiments - Mthodes de calcul Nachhaltigkeit von Bauwerken - Bewertung der konomischen Qualitt von Gebuden - Berechnungsmethoden This European Standard was approved by CEN on 19 March 2015. CEN
6、 members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on appl
7、ication to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Ma
8、nagement Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Lat
9、via, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Mar
10、nix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 16627:2015 EBS EN 16627:2015EN 16627:2015 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 4 Introduction .5 1 Scope 9 2 Normative references 9 3 Terms and definitions 10 4 A
11、bbreviations 19 5 The process for setting up the calculations required for the assessment . 20 6 Purpose of the assessment . 21 6.1 General . 21 6.2 Expected users . 21 7 Specification of the object of assessment . 21 7.1 General . 21 7.2 Functional equivalent . 22 7.3 Reference study period 23 7.4
12、System boundary 24 7.4.1 General . 24 7.4.2 Boundary of the before use stage (Modules A0-A5) . 25 7.4.3 Boundaries of the use stage (Modules B1 B7) . 28 7.4.4 Boundary of the end of life stage (Modules C1 C4) . 32 7.4.5 Boundary for the benefits and loads beyond the system boundary (Module D) 34 7.5
13、 The building model . 34 7.5.1 Purpose and information needed 34 7.5.2 Description of the physical characteristics of the building . 35 8 Scenarios for defining the building life cycle 36 8.1 General . 36 8.2 Requirements for scenarios 36 8.3 Time-related characteristics and associated scenarios . 3
14、6 8.3.1 General . 36 8.3.2 Climate conditions 37 8.3.3 Other specific requirements for scenarios 37 8.4 Scenarios for the pre-construction stage (Module A0). 37 8.5 Scenarios for the product and construction process stages (Modules A1 A5) 37 8.6 Scenarios for use stage (modules B1 to B7) . 38 8.6.1
15、General . 38 8.6.2 Scenario related to use stage (except energy and water) Module B1 38 8.6.3 Scenarios for maintenance, repair, replacement Module B2, B3 and B4 38 8.6.4 Scenarios for refurbishment Module B5 . 39 8.6.5 Scenarios for operational energy use Module B6 39 8.6.6 Scenarios for operationa
16、l water use (Module B7) . 39 8.7 Scenarios for the end of life stage (Modules C1 to C4) 40 8.7.1 General . 40 8.7.2 Scenarios for deconstruction Module C1 . 40 8.7.3 Scenarios for transport Module C2 40 8.7.4 Scenarios for waste processing for reuse, recycling and energy recovery Module C3 40 8.7.5
17、Scenarios for disposal Module C4 . 40 BS EN 16627:2015EN 16627:2015 (E) 3 8.8 Scenarios beyond the system boundary Module D 40 9 Calculation of costs and income related to the building over its life cycle 41 9.1 General . 41 9.2 Calculation of pre-construction costs . 41 9.3 Calculation of construct
18、ion costs . 41 9.4 Calculation of costs of operation in use, maintenance and repair (B1-B3) 43 9.5 Calculating costs for replacements (B4) . 45 9.5.1 Components that will not be replaced under defined conditions 45 9.5.2 Replaceable components and costs . 45 9.5.3 Cost of replacements 46 9.6 Calcula
19、tion of energy costs (B6) . 46 9.7 Calculation of costs of operational water use 47 9.8 Calculation of additional cost and income related information (information module D) 47 9.9 VAT 47 10 Selection of economic data for economic assessment 47 10.1 General . 47 10.2 Specification of the discount rat
20、e 47 10.3 Escalation rates . 48 10.4 Data quality 48 11 Calculation of the economic indicators 48 11.1 Methods for assessing the economic indicators . 48 11.2 Calculation of the discount factor . 49 11.3 Net Present Value (NPV), Net Present Cost (NPC) . 49 11.4 Annual Cost and Annual Equivalent Valu
21、e (AC or AEV) . 49 11.5 Other economic indicators . 49 11.6 Costs and related indicators 49 11.7 Calculation methods . 49 12 Reporting of the assessment of results 50 12.1 General information on the assessment . 50 12.2 General information on the object of assessment . 50 12.3 Statement of boundarie
22、s and scenarios used in the assessment . 51 12.4 Data sources 51 12.5 Expression of results 51 12.6 Communication of assessment results 52 13 Verification of results 52 Annex A (informative) Example building description . 54 Annex B (informative) Exported energy Case studies . 56 B.1 General . 56 B.
23、2 Case 1 . 56 B.3 Case 2 . 57 B.4 Case 3 . 57 B.5 Case 4 . 58 Annex C (informative) Additional indicators to assess the economic performance of buildings Rules for assessment . 60 C.1 General . 60 C.2 Value stability and performance 60 C.2.1 General . 60 C.2.2 Value stability in a short-term perspec
24、tive . 60 C.2.3 Value stability and performance in a medium-to long-term perspective 60 C.2.4 Additional economic indicators used in ISO 15686-5 61 Bibliography 62 BS EN 16627:2015EN 16627:2015 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 16627:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 350 “Sustaina
25、bility of construction works”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2015 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the
26、 latest by December 2015. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the natio
27、nal standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lith
28、uania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 16627:2015EN 16627:2015 (E) 5 Introduction The purpose of this European Standard is to provide calculation rules for the assessment of the ec
29、onomic performance of new and existing buildings as one part of an assessment of the sustainability of the building. It complements the European Standard EN 15643-4. In EN 15643-4 the following economic assessment indicators are described: This standard describes the methods and the rules for calcul
30、ating the cash flows over the life cycle of buildings, with an emphasis on the field of life cycle costing. Principles developed in ISO 15686-5 are included, but have been adapted for sustainability assessment in the European context. This standard describes two approaches to the calculation of econ
31、omic performance: a) Life Cycle Costing: Economic performance expressed in cost terms over the life cycle, taking account of negative costs related to energy exports and from re-use and recycling of parts of the building during its life cycle and at the end of life. Calculation of this indicator is
32、mandatory for compliance with the standard. b) Life cycle economic balance: Life Cycle Costing (see above) and in addition incomes over the life cycle and at the end of life. Calculation of this additional indicator is optional for compliance with the standard. NOTE 1 Annex C describes a further opt
33、ional approach, value stability. This European Standard is part of a suite of European Standards, Technical Specifications and Technical Reports for the assessment of the economic performance of buildings that together support quantification of the contribution of the assessed building to sustainabl
34、e construction and sustainable development. The economic performance of a building is only one aspect of its sustainability. The environmental and social performance of the building are also aspects of sustainability that are assessed as part of a sustainability assessment. These are described in th
35、e framework standards (EN 15643-1, EN 15643-2, and EN 15643-3, EN 15643-4). NOTE 2 The economic assessment is undertaken at the building level. However, it requires technical and cost information about individual products and components within the building and its services and systems, including ser
36、vice life data, type and frequency of inspection, replacement, cleaning, maintenance and repair, and deconstruction and disposal. This information is used as input quantities for the calculation of cost in the life cycle of buildings. The evaluation of technical and functional performance is beyond
37、the scope of this European Standard. Technical and functional characteristics are taken into account here by reference to the functional equivalent, which also forms a basis for comparison of the results of assessments. This European Standard is intended to support the decision-making process and do
38、cumentation of the assessment of the economic performance of a building. Although the assessment results are based on realistic scenarios, they may not fully reflect the actual and future performance of the building. Figure 1 illustrates how the assessment of the economic performance takes place wit
39、hin the concept of the sustainability assessment of buildings. BS EN 16627:2015EN 16627:2015 (E) 6 Figure 1 Concept of sustainability assessment of buildings In this European Standard, the assessment method for the quantitative evaluation of the economic performance of the building is based on a lif
40、e cycle, cash flow approach. The general requirements for sustainability assessment of buildings are described in EN 15643-1 (the general framework standard). It is important to use a consistent model for describing and recording the building and its life cycle for assessing the environmental, socia
41、l and economic performance. The same reference study period is used for all three elements of the assessment. Additional specific requirements for the assessment of economic performance are given in EN 15643-4, including additional pre-construction activity and costs such as site costs and professio
42、nal fees, which are quantified and reported in the additional information module A0. The calculation of economic indicators uses a model of the building and its life cycle with associated time and financial costs. An economic performance assessment supports a complete sustainability assessment, incl
43、uding an environmental or social performance assessment or both. The economic assessment can also provide data for: budgeting, by estimation of future maintenance or operational costs; tendering, e.g. by estimation of future cleaning costs sensitivity analysis, e.g. estimation of future energy costs
44、 (nominal values); estimating end of life costs and waste streams; specific economic analyses (e.g. cost benefit analysis); BS EN 16627:2015EN 16627:2015 (E) 7 assigning cash flows to individual actors (landlord/tenant); applying methods of valuation (e.g. investment appraisal). Other European Stand
45、ards developed by CEN/TC 350 in this area, and how they are related to this European Standard, are shown in Figure 2. Figure 2 Work program of CEN/TC 350 NOTE 3 This European Standard is intended for use to assess the economic aspects of sustainable performance of a building. This is a distinct acti
46、vity from the Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 244/2012 of 16 January 2012 supplementing Directive 2010/31/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council on the energy performance of buildings, which is a methodology for the setting of energy performance standards in national and regional b
47、uilding regulations by Member States, and not for use on specific buildings. BS EN 16627:2015EN 16627:2015 (E) 8 NOTE 4 EN 15459 is the European Standard which provides a calculation method for the costs of heating systems and other systems that are involved in the energy use of a building. It does
48、not address the calculation of the whole economic impact of a building. BS EN 16627:2015EN 16627:2015 (E) 9 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the calculation methods, based on Life Cycle Costing (LCC) and other quantified economic information, to assess the economic performance of a building,
49、 and gives the means for the reporting and communication of the outcome of the assessment. This European Standard is applicable to new and existing buildings and refurbishment projects. This European Standard gives: the description of the object of assessment; the system boundary that applies at the building level; the scope and procedure to be used for the analysis; the list of indicators and procedures for the calculations of these indicators; the requirements for presentation of the results in reporting and commun
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