EN 16751-2016 en Bio-based products - Sustainability criteria《生物基产品-可持续性标准》.pdf

1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 16751:2016Bio-based products Sustainability criteriaBS EN 16751:2016 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 16751:2016. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee MI/2, Bio-based products.A

2、 list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2016.Published by BSI Standar

3、ds Limited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 86429 2 ICS 13.020.60 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2016.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationD

4、ate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS EN 16751:2016EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 16751 April 2016 ICS 13.020.60 English Version Bio-based products - Sustainability criteria Produits biosourcs - Critres de durabilit Biobasierte Produkte - Nachhaltigkeitskriterien This European Standard

5、 was approved by CEN on 15 January 2016. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning suc

6、h national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own

7、 language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, G

8、reece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMU

9、NG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 16751:2016 EBS EN 16751:2016EN 16751:2016 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 4 Introduction 5 1 Scope 7 2

10、 Normative references 7 3 Terms and definitions . 7 4 General requirements 13 4.1 General . 13 4.2 Reporting boundaries. 14 4.3 Time periods 14 4.4 Information recording and handling 14 4.4.1 Biomass feedstock type and origin 14 4.4.2 Transparency 14 4.4.3 Information recording 14 4.4.4 Transmission

11、 of information 14 4.4.5 Confidentiality 15 4.5 Science-based approach 15 5 Environmental criteria 15 5.1 General . 15 5.2 Climate protection and air quality . 15 5.2.1 General 15 5.2.2 Principle 15 5.3 Water 16 5.3.1 General 16 5.3.2 Principle 16 5.4 Soil . 17 5.4.1 General 17 5.4.2 Principle 17 5.

12、5 Biodiversity 17 5.5.1 General 17 5.5.2 Principle 17 5.6 Energy and material resources . 18 5.6.1 General 18 5.6.2 Principle 18 5.7 Waste 18 5.7.1 General 18 5.7.2 Principle 19 6 Social criteria . 19 6.1 Labour rights . 19 6.1.1 General 19 6.1.2 Principle 19 6.2 Land use rights and land use change

13、20 6.2.1 General 20 6.2.2 Principle 20 6.3 Water use rights . 20 BS EN 16751:2016EN 16751:2016 (E) 3 6.3.1 General. 20 6.3.2 Principle 20 6.4 Local development . 21 6.4.1 General. 21 6.4.2 Principle 21 7 Economic criteria 21 7.1 Economic sustainability . 21 7.1.1 General. 21 7.1.2 Principle 21 Annex

14、 A (informative) Reporting template and additional guidance regarding sustainability aspects 23 Bibliography . 31 BS EN 16751:2016EN 16751:2016 (E) 4 European foreword This document (EN 16751:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 411 “Bio-based products”, the secretariat of which is

15、held by NEN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2016, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2016. Attention is drawn to the possibilit

16、y that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Associ

17、ation. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Fran

18、ce, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 16751:2016EN 16751:2016 (E) 5 Introduction Bio-based products from forestr

19、y and agriculture have a long history of application, such as paper, board and various chemicals and materials. The last decades have seen the emergence of new bio-based products in the market. Some of the reasons for this increased interest lie in the bio-based products benefits in relation to the

20、depletion of fossil resources and climate change. Bio-based products may also provide additional product functionalities. This has triggered a wave of innovation with the development of knowledge and technologies allowing new transformation processes and product development. Acknowledging the need f

21、or common standards for bio-based products, the European Commission issued mandate M/4921), resulting in a series of standards developed by CEN/TC 411, with a focus on bio-based products other than food, feed and biomass for energy applications. The standards of CEN/TC 411 “Bio-based products” provi

22、de a common basis on the following aspects: Common terminology; Bio-based content determination; Life Cycle Assessment (LCA); Sustainability aspects; Declaration tools. It is important to understand what the term bio-based product covers and how it is being used. The term bio-based means derived fro

23、m biomass. Bio-based products (bottles, insulation materials, wood and wood products, paper, solvents, chemical intermediates, composite materials, et cetera) are products which are wholly or partly derived from biomass. It is essential to characterize the amount of biomass contained in the product

24、by for instance its bio-based content or bio-based carbon content. The bio-based content of a product does not provide information on its environmental impact or sustainability, which may be assessed through LCA and sustainability criteria. In addition, transparent and unambiguous communication with

25、in bio-based value chains is facilitated by a harmonized framework for certification and declaration. This European Standard has been developed with the aim to identify sustainability aspects applicable to all bio-based products, covering all three pillars of sustainability (environmental, social an

26、d economic). Though the scope of CEN/TC 411 excludes food, feed and energy, sustainability of biomass and bio-based products should follow the same principles irrespective of their use. All LCA-related topics are covered by EN 16760 Bio-based products - Life Cycle Assessment. The concept of Sustaina

27、ble Development expresses the shared concerns about the state and sustainability of environmental, economic and social dimensions of today and tomorrows world. The journey towards sustainability finds sustainable production and consumption at its very heart. It also relates to the social responsibil

28、ity of organizations and the objective to improve social and environmental performances along with sustained economic profitability all in the perspective to contribute notably to greater human well-being. The criteria of this European Standard can either be directly used by an operator or can be us

29、ed in proprietary schemes and standards which cover sustainability aspects. 1) A Mandate is a standardization task embedded in European trade laws. M/492 Mandate is addressed to the European Standardization bodies, CEN, CENELEC and ETSI, for the development of horizontal European Standards for bio-b

30、ased products. BS EN 16751:2016EN 16751:2016 (E) 6 By defining a common framework, this European Standard will allow the provision of information on sustainability aspects for the following uses: for an economic operator to communicate along the supply chain on the sustainability aspects of the biom

31、ass used as input to the bio-based product; for an economic operator to assess and manage sustainability aspects of its operation, and to report in a consistent manner along the supply chain; for economic operators in a supply chain (see Figure 1 below) to exchange and share information on the susta

32、inability aspects of the processes and bio-based products with a common framework and understanding (B2B communication); and for a programme operator to develop certification schemes to assess the sustainability of the biomass used as input to the bio-based products or of the bio-based part of the b

33、io-based product. NOTE This European Standard refers to the bio-based part of products only. Without the use of relevant product standards it is not possible to make a claim for the whole product. The way indicators are addressed will differ according to the use. Figure 1 illustrates the scope of th

34、is European Standard. Figure 1 Illustration of the scope of this European Standard BS EN 16751:2016EN 16751:2016 (E) 7 1 Scope This European Standard sets horizontal sustainability criteria applicable to the bio-based part of all bio-based products, excluding food, feed and energy, covering all thre

35、e pillars of sustainability; environmental, social and economic aspects. If the product is partly bio-based, this European Standard can only be used for the bio-based part since it does not address non-bio-based (fossil, mineral) parts of a product. This European Standard can be used for two applica

36、tions; either to provide sustainability information about the biomass production only or to provide sustainability information in the supply chain for the bio-based part of the bio-based product. This European Standard sets a framework to provide information on management of sustainability aspects.

37、This European Standard cannot be used to make claims that operations or products are sustainable since it does not establish thresholds or limits. This European Standard can however be used for business-to-business (B2B) communication or for developing product specific standards and certification sc

38、hemes. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including an

39、y amendments) applies. EN 16575 Bio-based products - Vocabulary 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 16575 and the following apply. 3.1 activity under direct control activity conducted by or subcontracted by the economic operator 3.2 biodiv

40、ersity biological diversity variability among living organisms from all sources, including, inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems, and the ecological complexes of which they are part; this includes diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems SOURCE: Convention

41、on Biological Diversity (CBD), United Nations (1992) 3.3 chain-of-custody system by which a connection is made between information or claims concerning raw materials or intermediate products and claims concerning final products, including all the stages from the raw material production up until the

42、release of the final product for consumption SOURCE: EN 16214-1:2012, 2.16 BS EN 16751:2016EN 16751:2016 (E) 8 3.4 child labour work that deprives children of their childhood, their potential and their dignity, and that is harmful to their physical and mental development Note 1 to entry: It refers t

43、o work that: is mentally, physically, socially or morally dangerous and harmful to children; and interferes with their schooling by: depriving them of the opportunity to attend school; obliging them to leave school prematurely; or requiring them to attempt to combine school attendance with excessive

44、ly long and heavy work. SOURCE: International Labour Organization 3.5 criterion requirement that describes what is to be assessed Note1 to entry: A criterion adds meaning and operability to a principle without itself being a direct measure of performance. Note 2 to entry: A criterion is characterize

45、d by a set of related indicators. SOURCE: ISO 13065:2015, 3.11, modified: Note 3 deleted 3.6 direct effects measurable environmental, social and economic effects under the direct control of the economic operator and caused by the process being analysed Note 1 to entry: Direct effects applicable in t

46、his European Standard are included under the criteria and indicators. Note 2 to entry: Other potential effects may be added to the consideration when an international consensus standard is established for the effect. SOURCE: ISO 13065:2015, 3.12, modified: Notes 1, 2 and 4 deleted and in Note 1 with

47、in the scope of this International Standard are considered replaced by applicable in this European Standard are included 3.7 economic operator individual or organization that has ownership or control of one or more processes of the supply chain for the bio-based product SOURCE: ISO 13065:2015, 3.13,

48、 modified: bioenergy supply chain replaced by supply chain for the bio-based product BS EN 16751:2016EN 16751:2016 (E) 9 3.8 ecosystem system of complex interactions between communities of plants, animals, microorganisms and their environment, which functions as a unit SOURCE: ISO 13065:2015, 3.14 3

49、.9 ecosystem services benefits that people and other living organisms obtain from ecosystems, including provisioning, regulating, supporting, and cultural services SOURCE: Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005. Ecosystems and Human Well-being: Synthesis.Island Press, Washington, DC, modified: and other living organisms added. 3.10 environment surroundings in which an organization operates, including air, water, land, natural resources (including biotic and abiotic resources), flora, fauna, humans and their interrelation SOUR