1、CEN ENt29865 93 3404589 005l128L 528 = EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 29865 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM September 1993 UDC 677.0741.076 : 677.017.633.2 : 620.1 Descriptors: Textiles, woven fabrics, tests, water absorption tests English version Textiles - Determination of water repellency of fabrics by the
2、 Bundesmann rain-shower test (IS0 9865 : 1991) kxtiles - Hydrophobicit de tissus laide dun essai darrosage suivant la mthode Bundesmann Flchengebilden mittels der (IS0 9865 : 1991) Textilien - Bestimmung der wasserabweisenden Eigenschaften von Beregnungsprfung nach Bundesmann (IS0 9865 : 1991) This
3、European Standard was approved by CEN on 1993-04-05. CEN members are bound to comply with the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references con
4、cerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its ow
5、n language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members .are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerla
6、nd and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels O 1993 Copyright reserved to CEN members Ref. No. EN 29865 : 1993 E CEN EN8298b5 93 m 3404589 0051262 464 m Page 2
7、EN 29865 : 1993 Foreword This European Standard is the endorsement of IS0 9865. Endorsement of IS0 9865 was recommended by CEN/TC 248 “Textiles and textile products” under whose competence this European Standard will henceforth fall. This European Standard shall be given the status of national stand
8、ard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 1994, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 1994. This standard was approved and in accordance with the CENXENELEC Internal Regulations, the following countries are bound
9、to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom. CEN EN*:29865 93 W 3404589 0053283 3T0 = Page 3 EN 29865 : 1993 Textiles - Determination o
10、f water repellency of fabrics by the Bundesmann rain-shower test 1 Scope This International Standard describes a method for the determination of the water repellency of textile fabrics by a rain-shower test known as the Bundesmann method. The test may be used to assess the effectiveness of finishing
11、 procedures for rendering textile fabrics water-repellent. 2 Normative reference The following standard contains provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publi- cation, the edition indicated was valid. All standards are su
12、bject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encour- aged to invesligate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the standard indicated below. Members of IEC and IS0 maintain registers of cur- rently valid International Standards. IS0 139:1973,
13、 Textiles - Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing. 3 Definition For the purposes of this International Standard, the following definition applies. 3.1 water repellency: The resistance of textile fab- rics to absorb rain shower water. The criterion is the amount of water absorbed followin
14、g the effects of a defined artificial rain shower for a specific duration. In addition, the amount of water penetrating the textile fabrics and the water run-off may be re- corded. 4 Principle Test specimens of textile fabrics are mounted on cups and then exposed to an artificial rain shower under d
15、efined conditions. The water repellency is assessed by visual comparison of the wet speci- mens with reference photographs. The water ab- sorbed by the specimens during the test is weighed. The water penetrating the specimens is also col- lected in the cups and recorded. 5 Apparatus and materials NO
16、TE 1 The rain shower equipment produces an arti- ficial rain shower defined by water flow, drop size and drop fall height. The rain shower equipment may have one or more devices for holding the specimens. To remove excess water from the specimens, a centrifuge for hori- zontal rotation at a specific
17、 speed is used. 5.1 Rain shower equipment,) comprising a system of 300 identical drop-forming devices, e.g. nozzles or jets, equally distributed over a circular horizontal surface (area z, 1 300 crn2) of 406 rnrn diameter. The approximate diameter of the drop produced by each drop former is 4 mm. Wa
18、ter emerging from the drop former produces a drop of approximately 0,07 ml. The water flow of the rain shower equip- ment can be varied so that the time-related flow of water prescribed for the test can be set to (100 f 5) ml/min for a rain shower surface area of 100 cm2. The drop fali height, .e. t
19、he vertical dis- tance between the drop former and the centre of the specimen surface, is 1500 mm. For the rain shower test, normal tap water is used which is passed through a mechanical filter to remove coarse con- tamination. The water temperature is (20 f 3) OC or (27 f: 2) OC (the latter for tro
20、pical countries). Water temperature, water hardness and pH value shall be measured and recorded in the test report. 1) For details of the source of supply of the rain shower equipment, apply to national standards institutions. CEN ENS29865 93 M 3404589 0053284 237 m Page 4 EN 29865 : 1993 NOTE 2 to
21、(200 A flow rate of (100 10) ml in 2.5 min for a surface area of 80 cm*. 5) mllmin is equivalent 5.2 Clamping device for the specimen, having the configuration of a cup to enable the water passing through the specimen to be collected and measured. The top of the cup serves to clamp the specimen in p
22、lace by means of a clamping ring. Each cup shall have a tap. For thick textile fabrics, the clamping rings used are larger than those used for clamping thin textile fabrics. The exposed area of the clamped specimen is 80 cm2. The outer diameter of the cup is 100 mm. To ensure that the water flows fr
23、om the surface of the specimen, the centreline of the cup is inclined at 15“ from the vertical. In addition, each cup comprises a wiper assembly pressed against the underside of the specimen during testing with a force of approximately 250 cN to describe 20 reciprocating rotary movements per minute
24、at an angle of approximately 100“. The 48 mm long and 5 mm wide arms of the wiper assembly have a pol- ished scraping surface of stainless steel, curved slightly to the top in the longitudinal direction (radius of curvature approximately 630 mm) and rounded on the scraper edge with an approximate ra
25、dius of 5 mm. Each cup has an air vent (7 through which air can be displaced. When several specimens are tested simultaneously, numerous (e.g. four) clamping devices are arranged closely spaced in an annular configuration on a carrier. The carrier is required to revolve at the rate of (6 f 0,5) rpm
26、during the rain shower test so that all specimens are subjected to consistent rain shower exposure. 1) mm in diameter, 5.3 Centriuge, comprising a disc with a horizontal mounting surface of diameter 175 mm rotating at 700 rpm. The time required to attain the speed of 700 rpm from O and vice versa is
27、 between 1 s and 2 s. Approximately 50 ribs, each 1 mm in height, are provided in a radial arrangement on the surface of the disc. The ribs are equally spaced round the disc so that the wet specimens cannot stick to the sur- face. Four steel pins approximately 6 mm long spaced approximately 60 mm aw
28、ay from the centre of the disc are provided in an equally spaced arrangement to secure the specimens. The specimens are pressed on to these pins and only secured during rotation. The total mass of the disc and shaft propelled by the drive motor shall be 410 g. The centrifuge shall be automatically s
29、witched off by a timer following the prescribed rotation cycle. 5.4 Reference photographs,*) as illustrated in figure 1. 5.5 Means of producing the standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing textiles, as specified in clause 6. 5.6 Means of weighing the test specimens. 6 Atmosphere for conditi
30、oning and testing The conditioning and testing atmosphere shall be an atmosphere having a relative humidity of (65 I 2) % and a temperature of (20 5 2) OC or (27 2) OC, as specified in IS0 139. 7 Preparation of test specimens Cut or stamp out from the sample a circular speci- men of 140 mm diameter
31、free from wrinkles and creases, from at least four locations, each spaced at least 100 mm away from the edge of the sample. If possible do not take specimens directly from the ends of the material since experience has shown that the mass per unit area (or structure) and the finishing may be differen
32、t to that of the majority of the fabric. Prior to the rain shower test, condition the speci- mens in accordance with IS0 139 in the atmosphere specified in clause 6. 8 Equipment calibration Switch on the rain shower equipment (5.1) for ap- proximately 15 min prior to commencing testing or inspection
33、 to ensure the necessary consistency of the artificial rain shower and the water temperature. Measure the amoiint of water trapped in the cups. When the rain shower is set as required, (200 10) ml of water shall be in each cup after 2,5 min. In continuous operation, calibrate the equipment at least
34、twice every day. In addition. check frequently the proper functioning of the drop for m e rs . 9 Procedure First set the prescribed time-related range of the shower flow, noting that the shower shall not be turned off until all tests have been completed. Then weigh the conditioned Specimens (see cla
35、use 6) to an accuracy of 0.01 g (dry mass m,). Identify the face to be tested and place uppermost over the cups 2) For details of the source of supply of lhe reference photographs, apply to national standards institutions CEN ENt29Bb5 93 W 3404589 0053285 373 Page 5 EN 29865 : 1993 without any parti
36、cular pre-tension, merely smooth- m2 is the mass, in grams, of the specimen after ing manually. testing (including possibly partly wetted clamped edges of the specimen). Expose the specimens to the shower for 10 min. Assess the water .repellency by visual comparison 11 Test repod of the wet specimen
37、s at the end of the shower test with the refeKence photographs (see 5.4 and The test report shall include the following infor- figure 1) according to five grades as follows: mation: - grade 5: - grade 4: - grade 3: - grade 2: - grade I: surface. fast runoff of small drops: a) the number and year of
38、publication of this Inter- national Standard, .e. IS0 9865:1991; formation of large drops; b) the nature of the textile tested; drops adhere to parts of the specimen; specimen partly wetted; c) the type of test equipment and the manufacturer of the equipment; specimen wet through over d) the tempera
39、ture, hardness and pH value of the water used; The water repellency may also be assessed after 1 min and 5 min. Centrifuge the specimen for 15 s. Immediately after- wards, weigh the specimen to an accuracy of 0,Ol g (this is best done in a closed weighing bottle), and record as the wet mass m,. In a
40、ddition to the water absorbed by the specimens in the rain shower test, collect in the cups any water which has passed through the specimens and, if re- quired, determine its volume, in millilitres. 10 Expression of results Calculate the water absorption wH o, expressed as a percentage by mass, from
41、 the following equation: VHO = ?- m, ml x 100 where m, is the mass, in grams, of the specimens prior to testing; e) the rain shower “ON” time; f) the centrifuge “ON” time; g) the number of tests; h) the water absorption w, expressed as a per- centage by mass: state the individual values, the arithme
42、tic mean and the confidence tolerance of the mean value; i) the assessment of the water repellency by grad- ing; i) whether the assessments were afier I min, 5 min or 10 min; k) any wetting on the underside of the test speci- mens observed after 10 min; I) if required, the amount of water, in millilitres, which has passed through the Specimens. and any special observations made on the specimens prior to or during testing; m) the date of the test CEN EN+29865 93 3404589 005128b OOT Page 6 EN 29865 : 1993 Grade 5 Grade 4 Grade 3 Grade 2 Grade 1 Figure 1 - Reference photographs
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