1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI British StandardsWB9423_BSI_StandardColCov_noK_AW:BSI FRONT COVERS 5/9/08 12:55 Page 1Environmental testing Part 2-31: Tests Test Ec:Rough handling shocks, primarily for equipment-type specimensBS EN
2、 60068-2-31:2008NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LANational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 60068-2-31:2008. Itis identical to IEC 60068-2-31:2008. It supersedes BS EN 60068-2-31:1993and BS EN 60068-2 32:1993, which are withdrawn.The UK
3、participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee GEL/104, Environmental conditions, classification and testing.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provision
4、sof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. BSI 200ISBN 978 0 580 55736 1ICS 19.040Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the StandardsPolicy and Strategy Committee on Amendment
5、s issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN 60068-2-31:2008931 January 2009. -EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 60068-2-31 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM September 2008 CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
6、Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels 2008 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. EN 60068-2-31:2008 E ICS 19.040 Supersedes EN 60068-2-31:1993 and EN 600
7、68-2-32:1993English version Environmental testing - Part 2-31: Tests - Test Ec: Rough handling shocks, primarily for equipment-type specimens (IEC 60068-2-31:2008) Essais denvironnement - Partie 2-31: Essais - Essai Ec: Choc li des manutentions brutales, essai destin en premier lieu aux matriels (CE
8、I 60068-2-31:2008) Umgebungseinflsse - Teil 2-31: Prfverfahren - Prfung Ec: Schocks durch raue Handhabung, vornehmlich fr Gerte (IEC 60068-2-31:2008) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2008-07-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stip
9、ulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standa
10、rd exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the nationa
11、l electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
12、Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 60068-2-31:2008EN 60068-2-31:2008 - 2 - Foreword The text of document 104/458/FDIS, future edition 2 of IEC 60068-2-31, prepared by IEC TC 104, Environmental conditions, classification and methods of test, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and w
13、as approved by CENELEC as EN 60068-2-31 on 2008-07-01. This European Standard supersedes EN 60068-2-31:1993 and EN 60068-2-32:1993. The major changes with regard to EN 60068-2-31:1993 concern the introduction of soft packaging tests, where appropriate. EN 60068-2-31:2008 now incorporates EN 60068-2-
14、32:1993. The following dates were fixed: latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2009-04-01 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2011-07-01 A
15、nnex ZA has been added by CENELEC. _ Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 60068-2-31:2008 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. _ BS EN 60068-2-31:2008- 3 - EN 60068-2-31:2008 Annex ZA(normative) Normative references to international public
16、ations with their corresponding European publications The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) appl
17、ies. NOTE When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD applies. Publication Year Title EN/HD Year IEC 60068-2-27 -1)Environmental testing - Part 2-27: Tests - Test Ea and guidance: Shock - - IEC 60068-2-55 1987 Environmental test
18、ing - Part 2: Tests - Test Ee and guidance: BounceEN 60068-2-55 1993 IEC Guide 104 -1)The preparation of safety publications and the use of basic safety publications and group safety publications - - ISO 48 2007 Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic - Determination of hardness (hardness between 10 IRH
19、D and 100 IRHD) - - ISO 4180-2 1980 Complete, filled transport packages - General rules for the compilation of performance test schedules - Part 2: Quantitative data EN 24180-2 1992 1)Undated reference. BS EN 60068-2-31:2008 2 60068-2-31 IEC:2008 CONTENTS 1 Scope.5 2 Normative references .5 3 Genera
20、l description of test6 4 Initial measurements 8 5 Testing .8 5.1 Drop and topple.8 5.1.1 Description 8 5.1.2 Test Facility.8 5.1.3 Testing procedures8 5.2 Free fall Procedure 19 5.2.1 Description 9 5.2.2 Test Facility.9 5.2.3 Test severity9 5.2.4 Testing procedures9 5.3 Free fall repeated Procedure
21、2 .10 5.3.1 Description 10 5.3.2 Test facility10 5.3.3 Test severity10 5.3.4 Testing procedure10 6 Final measurements .10 7 Information to be included in the relevant specification.11 7.1 Drop and topple test11 7.2 Free fall and free fall repeated tests 11 8 Information to be given in the test repor
22、t 11 Annex A (normative) Test apparatus for repeated free fall test Procedure 213 Annex B (informative) Selection of test severities for free fall tests Guidance .15 Figure 1 Dropping on to a face.7 Figure 2 Dropping on to a corner .7 Figure 3 Topple (or push over).7 Figure A.1 Rotating (or tumbling
23、) barrel .14 Table 1 Fall heights versus mass.9 Table B.1 Examples of typical test severities .16 BS EN 60068-2-31:200860068-2-31 IEC:2008 5 ENVIRONMENTAL TESTING Part 2-31: Tests Test Ec: Rough handling shocks, primarily for equipment-type specimens 1 Scope This part of IEC 60068 deals with a test
24、procedure for simulating the effects of rough handling shocks, primarily in equipment-type specimens, the effects of knocks, jolts and falls which may be received during repair work or rough handling in operational use. This procedure does not simulate the effects of impacts received during transpor
25、tation as loosely constrained cargo. Where the effects of loose cargo transportation are to be assessed, test Ee: Bounce should be used. Also this procedure does not simulate the effects of shock applied to installed equipments. Where this effect is to be assessed refer to test Ea: Shock. Testing sh
26、ould only be specified for equipment likely to receive such rough handling, for example those of small to medium size and mass, and should only be applied to those faces and corners where there is a risk of such treatment being encountered. In general, equipment which is frequently handled and servi
27、ced (for example field equipment and unit spares) can be considered at risk, whereas equipment forming an integral part of a permanent installation would not normally be considered at risk and need not be tested. Testing may not be applicable to fragile unprotected equipment of irregular shape (for
28、example aircraft nose radar) which, when removed from the installation would be contained in a handling frame or jig. It may however be applicable to these items of equipment when they are in their transit case or in their handling frame or jig. For equipment which stands only on one face (for examp
29、le the normal base) the test is generally only applied to that face. Shock tests are performed on the specimen when fixed to the test machine. Drop and topple, free fall, repeated free fall and bounce tests are performed with the specimen free. 2 Normative references The following referenced documen
30、ts are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 60068-2-27, Environmental testing Part 2-27: Tests Test Ea and guidance: Shoc
31、k IEC 60068-2-55:1987, Environmental testing Part 2-55: Tests Test Ee and guidance: Bounce IEC Guide 104,The preparation of safety publications and the use of basic safety publications and group safety publications ISO 48:2007, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Determination of hardness (hardness
32、between 10 IRHD and 100 IRHD) BS EN 60068-2-31:2008 6 60068-2-31 IEC:2008 ISO 4180-2:1980, Complete, filled transport packages General rules for the compilation of performance test schedules Part 2: Quantitative data 3 General description of test Rough handling shocks can be simulated by one or more
33、 of the following tests: a) Drop and topple A simple test intended to assess the effects of knocks or jolts likely to be received primarily by equipment-type specimens during repair work or rough handling on a table or bench. b) Free fall Procedure 1 A simple test to assess the effects of falls like
34、ly to be experienced due to rough handling. It is also suitable to demonstrate a degree of robustness. c) Free fall Procedure 2 A test that additionally simulates repetitive shocks likely to be received by certain component-type specimens, for example connectors in service. The topple test need not
35、be applied to specimens which have dimensions which make them stable whilst being handled. Reference to points 1) and 2) below should be made for information on the “c g ratio” and “height ratio” to establish if the test is necessary. The falling or topple actions produced by the test procedures giv
36、en in 5.1.3.1, 5.1.3.2 and 5.1.3.3 are illustrated by Figures 1, 2 and 3. The drop and topple test includes three distinct procedures: i) dropping on to a face (5.1.3.1); ii) dropping on to an edge or a corner (5.1.3.2); iii) toppling (or pushover) (5.1.3.3). The purpose of each of these procedures
37、is basically the same, but they represent different kinds of handling. The test is not intended to be a precise test and a tolerance of 10 % is allowed on the heights and angles prescribed in 5.1.2. NOTE For a more precise shock test, test Ea: Shock (IEC 60068-2-27) should be used. The topple test n
38、eed not be applied to specimens which have dimensions which make them stable while being handled. When considering the applicability of the topple test, two dimensional ratios are important: 1) the ratio of the height of the centre of gravity from the base, to the smaller dimension of the base, here
39、inafter referred to as the c g ratio; 2) the ratio of the height of the specimen to the smaller dimension of the base, hereinafter referred to as the height ratio. If the c g ratio is small, for example less than 0,25, the specimen is unlikely to fall over due to sudden sideways displacements. If th
40、e height ratio is small, for example less than 0,5, the specimen is unlikely to topple over due to a sudden sideways force or blow at the top. In such cases the writer of the relevant specification should consider whether the topple test is applicable. BS EN 60068-2-31:200860068-2-31 IEC:2008 7 ahIE
41、C 782/08 h = distance between edge of specimen and test surface a = angle between bottom face of specimen and test surface Figure 1 Dropping on to a face Dimensions in millimetres ah10 20 IEC 783/08 h = distance between edge of specimen and test surface a = angle between bottom face of specimen and
42、test surface Figure 2 Dropping on to a corner IEC 784/08 Figure 3 Topple (or push over) BS EN 60068-2-31:2008 8 60068-2-31 IEC:2008 4 Initial measurements Before commencement of the test, the specimen shall be visually examined and electrically and mechanically checked as required by the relevant sp
43、ecification. 5 Testing 5.1 Drop and topple 5.1.1 Description Having taken into account the manner in which the specimen will be handled in use and during repair, the relevant specification shall state the test procedure to be used and whether covers, cables, etc., are to be in position or not. The r
44、elevant specification shall also state whether the specimen is, or is not, operational during the test. In the test procedure where the specimen is dropped on to a face or corner, it is possible for the specimen to topple onto a different face instead of falling back onto the test face as intended.
45、This shall be avoided by a suitable method. In any of the test procedures, the specimen shall not be allowed to continue rolling about the next edge. Where the number of bottom edges exceeds four, the number of drops or topples shall be limited to four and the relevant specification shall prescribe
46、the edges to be used for the test. 5.1.2 Test facility The test facility surface shall be smooth, hard, rigid, unyielding, horizontal and, for example, made of concrete or steel. The steel plate shall be wet floated, that is, installed while the concrete is still wet in order to remove voids, or bon
47、ded to the concrete. The seismic reaction mass of the facility shall be at least 20 times the mass of the specimen under test. The thickness of the steel plate shall be a minimum of 25 mm. With a specimen in excess of 500 kg, the steel plate shall be at least 40 mm thick, level within two degrees to
48、 the horizontal and with a Brinell hardness of 90 300. 5.1.3 Testing procedures 5.1.3.1 Dropping onto a face The specimen, standing in its normal position of use, is tilted along one bottom edge so that the distance between the opposite edge and the test surface is 25 mm, 50 mm or 100 mm, as prescri
49、bed by the relevant specification, or so that the angle made by the bottom and the test surface is 30, whichever condition is less severe. It is then allowed to fall freely onto the test surface. The specimen shall be subjected to one drop along each of four bottom edges (see also Figure 1). 5.1.3.2 Dropping onto an edge or a corner The specimen, standing in its normal position of use, is raised above the test surface by placing a wooden stud
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