EN 60086-4-2007 en Primary batteries - Part 4 Safety of lithium batteries (Remains Current)《原电池组 第4部分 锂电池的安全》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 60086-4:2007Primary batteries Part 4: Safety of lithium batteriesICS 29.220.10g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58

2、BS EN 60086-4:2007This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2008 BSI 2008ISBN 978 0 580 54737 9National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 60086-4:2007. It is identical to IEC 60086-4:2007. It supers

3、edes BS EN 60086-4:2000, which will be withdrawn on 1 November 2010. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee CPL/35, Primary cells.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport

4、to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsEUROPEAN STANDARD EN 60086-4 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE

5、 NORM November 2007 CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels 2007 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by

6、 any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. EN 60086-4:2007 E ICS 29.220.10 Supersedes EN 60086-4:2000English version Primary batteries - Part 4: Safety of lithium batteries (IEC 60086-4:2007) Piles lectriques - Partie 4: Scurit des piles au lithium (CEI 60086-4:2007) Primrbatterien

7、- Teil 4: Sicherheitsnorm fr Lithium-Batterien (IEC 60086-4:2007) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2007-11-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national stan

8、dard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any oth

9、er language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Repub

10、lic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Foreword The text of document 35/1240/CDV, futur

11、e edition 3 of IEC 60086-4, prepared by IEC TC 35, Primary cells and batteries, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel Unique Acceptance Procedure and was approved by CENELEC as EN 60086-4 on 2007-11-01. This European Standard supersedes EN 60086-4:2000. EN 60086-4:2007 is the result of a reforma

12、tting initiative aimed at making this part more user-friendly, less ambiguous and, from a cross-reference point of view, fully harmonized with other parts of EN 60086. The major technical changes, with regard to EN 60086-4:2000, concern: harmonization with EN 62281; the tests were renumbered and par

13、tly revised or deleted. One test (F: Impact) was added for compliance with EN 62281. The table shows the old and new test numbers as well as tests that were added. The test number in brackets indicates major changes of the test procedure. Old New Test designation C-3 A Altitude (C-1) B Thermal cycli

14、ng B-1 C Vibration B-2 D Shock D-1 E External short circuit F ImpactE-2 G Crush H Forced discharge D-4 I Abnormal charging E-1 J Free fall F-1 K Thermal abuse D-3 L Incorrect installation D-6 M Overdischarge The following dates were fixed: latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at nationa

15、l level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2008-08-01 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2010-11-01 Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC. _ Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 60

16、086-4:2007 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. _ EN 60086-4:2007 2 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION.5 1 Scope.6 2 Normative references .6 3 Terms and definitions .6 4 Requirements for safety .8 4.1 Design.8 4.2 Quality plan 9 5 Sampling .9 5.1 General 9 5.2 Test samples 9 6

17、 Testing and requirements 10 6.1 Genera l 10 6.1.1 Test application matrix 10 6.1.2 Safety notice 10 6.1.3 Ambient temperature 10 6.1.4 Parameter measurement tolerances .10 6.1.5 Predischarge .11 6.1.6 Additional cells 11 6.2 Evaluation of test criteria.11 6.2.1 Short-circuit.11 6.2.2 Excessive temp

18、erature rise11 6.2.3 Leakage 11 6.2.4 Mass loss 11 6.2.5 Venting11 6.2.6 Fire .12 6.2.7 Rupture .12 6.2.8 Explosion 12 6.3 Tests and requirements Overview.13 6.4 Tests for intended use.13 6.4.1 Test A: Altitude13 6.4.2 Test B: Thermal cycling .14 6.4.3 Test C: Vibration .14 6.4.4 Test D: Shock15 6.5

19、 Tests for reasonably foreseeable misuse.15 6.5.1 Test E: External short-circuit .15 6.5.2 Test F: Impact .16 6.5.3 Test G: Crush16 6.5.4 Test H: Forced discharge 17 6.5.5 Test I: Abnormal charging17 6.5.6 Test J: Free fall .18 6.5.7 Test K: Thermal abuse 18 6.5.8 Test L: Incorrect installation 19 6

20、.5.9 Test M: Overdischarge 19 6.6 Information to be given in the relevant specification 20 EN 60086-4:2007 3 6.7 Evaluation and report 21 7 Information for safety21 7.1 Safety precautions during design of equipment .21 7.1.1 Charge protection21 7.1.2 Parallel connection 21 7.2 Safety precautions dur

21、ing handling of batteries .21 7.3 Packaging .23 7.4 Handling of battery cartons23 7.5 Transport 24 7.5.1 General .24 7.5.2 Air transport 24 7.5.3 Sea transport.24 7.5.4 Land transport .24 7.6 Display and storage.24 7.7 Disposal 24 8 Instructions for use.25 9 Marking 25 9.1 General .25 9.2 Small batt

22、eries 26 Annex A (informative) Guidelines for the achievement of safety of lithium batteries .27 Annex B (informative) Guidelines for designers of equipment using lithium batteries28 Annex C (informative) Additional information on display and storage .30 Bibliography31 Figure 1 Mesh screen 12 Figure

23、 2 Thermal cycling procedure .14 Figure 3 Axes for free fall.18 Figure 4 Circuit diagram for incorrect installation .19 Figure 5 Circuit diagram for overdischarge.20 Figure 6 Safety wiring for charge protection .21 Figure 7 Ingestion gauge .23 Table 1 Number of test samples 9 Table 2 Test applicatio

24、n matrix .10 Table 3 Maximum mass loss 11 Table 4 Tests and requirements.13Table 5 Vibration profile (sinusoidal)15 Table 6 Shock parameters .15 Table 7 Resistive load for overdischarge20 Table A.1 Battery design guidelines .27 Table B.1 Equipment design guidelines28 Annex ZA (normative) Normative r

25、eferences to international publications with their corresponding European publications .32 EN 60086-4:2007 4 INTRODUCTION The concept of safety is closely related to safeguarding the integrity of people and property. This standard specifies tests and requirements for lithium batteries and has been p

26、repared in accordance with ISO/IEC guidelines, taking into account all relevant national and international standards which apply. Lithium batteries are different from conventional primary batteries using aqueous electrolyte in that they contain flammable materials. Consequently, it is important to c

27、arefully consider safety during design, production, distribution, use, and disposal of lithium batteries. Based on such special characteristics, lithium batteries for consumer applications were initially small in size and had low power output. There were also lithium batteries with high power output

28、 which were used for special industrial and military applications and were characterized as being “technician replaceable”. The first edition of this standard was drafted to accommodate this situation. However, from around the end of the 1980s, lithium batteries with high power output started to be

29、widely used in the consumer replacement market, mainly as a power source in camera applications. Since the demand for such lithium batteries with high power output significantly increased, various manufacturers started to produce these types of lithium batteries. As a consequence of this situation,

30、the safety aspects for lithium batteries with high power output were included in the second edition of this standard. The major target of the third edition of this standard was to harmonize it with the transport tests for lithium batteries that were published in IEC 62281 11. Guidelines addressing s

31、afety issues during the design of lithium batteries are provided in Annex A. Annex B provides guidelines addressing safety issues during the design of equipment where lithium batteries are installed. Both Annex A and B reflect experience with lithium batteries used in camera applications and are bas

32、ed on document18 of the bibliography. Safety is freedom from unacceptable risk. There can be no absolute safety: some risk will remain. Therefore a product, process or service can only be relatively safe. Safety is achieved by reducing risk to a tolerable level determined by the search for an optima

33、l balance between the ideal of absolute safety and the demands to be met by a product, process or service, and factors such as benefit to the user, suitability for purpose, cost effectiveness, and conventions of the society concerned. As safety will pose different problems, it is impossible to provi

34、de a set of precise provisions and recommendations that will apply in every case. However, this standard, when followed on a judicious “use when applicable” basis, will provide reasonably consistent standards for safety. EN 60086-4:2007 5 PRIMARY BATTERIES Part 4: Safety of lithium batteries 1 Scope

35、 This part of IEC 60086 specifies tests and requirements for primary lithium batteries to ensure their safe operation under intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse. NOTE Primary lithium batteries that are standardized in IEC 60086-2 are expected to meet all applicable requirements herein. It

36、is understood that consideration of this part of IEC 60086 might also be given to measuring and/or ensuring the safety of non-standardized primary lithium batteries. In either case, no claim or warranty is made that compliance or non-compliance with this standard will fulfil or not fulfil any of the

37、 users particular purposes or needs. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments

38、) applies. IEC 60086-1, Primary batteries Part 1: General IEC 60086-2, Primary batteries Part 2: Physical and electrical specifications 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. NOTE Certain definitions taken from IEC 60050-482 and IEC 6008

39、6-1 are repeated below for convenience. 3.1 aggregate lithium content total lithium content of the cells comprising a battery 3.2 battery one or more cells fitted with devices necessary for use, for example case, terminals, marking and protective devices IEV 482-01-04:2004 3.3 button cell coin cell

40、cell with a cylindrical shape in which the overall height is less than the diameter, e.g. in the shape of a button or a coin IEV 482-02-40:2004 3.4 cell basic functional unit, consisting of an assembly of electrodes, electrolyte, container, terminals and usually separators that is a source of electr

41、ic energy obtained by direct conversion of chemical energy IEV 482-01-01:2004 EN 60086-4:2007 6 3.5 component cell cell contained in a battery 3.6 cylindrical cell cell with a cylindrical shape in which the overall height is equal to or greater than the diameter IEV 482-02-39:2004 3.7 depth of disch

42、arge percentage of rated capacity discharged from a battery 3.8 fully discharged state of charge of a cell or battery corresponding to 100 % depth of discharge 3.9 harm physical injury or damage to health of people, or damage to property or the environment ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999, 3.3 3.10 hazard pote

43、ntial source of harm ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999, 3.5 3.11 intended use use of a product, process or service in accordance with information provided by the supplier ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999, 3.13 3.12 large battery battery in which the aggregate lithium content is more than 500 g 3.13 large cell cell in whic

44、h the lithium content is more than 12 g 3.14 lithium cell cell containing a non-aqueous electrolyte and a negative electrode of lithium or containing lithium IEV 482-01-06:2004 3.15 nominal voltage suitable approximate value of the voltage used to designate or identify a cell, a battery or an electr

45、ochemical system IEV 482-03-31:2004 3.16 open circuit voltage (OCV, UOC, off-load voltage) voltage across the terminals of a battery when no external current is flowing IEV 482-03-32:2004, modified EN 60086-4:2007 7 3.17 prismatic qualifies a cell or a battery having the shape of a parallelepiped wh

46、ose faces are rectangular IEV 482-02-38:2004 3.18 protective devices devices such as fuses, diodes or other electric or electronic current limiters designed to interrupt the current flow, block the current flow in one direction or limit the current flow in an electrical circuit 3.19 rated capacity c

47、apacity value of a cell or battery determined under specified conditions and declared by the manufacturer IEV 482-03-15:2004, modified 3.20 reasonably foreseeable misuse use of a product, process or service in a way not intended by the supplier, but which may result from readily predictable human be

48、haviour ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999, 3.14 3.21 risk combination of the probability of occurrence of harm and the severity of that harm ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999, 3.2 3.22 safety freedom from unacceptable risk ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999, 3.1 3.23 undischarged state of charge of a primary cell or battery correspondi

49、ng to 0 % depth of discharge 4 Requirements for safety 4.1 Design Lithium batteries are categorized by their chemical composition (anode, cathode, electrolyte), internal construction (bobbin, spiral) and are available in cylindrical, button/coin and prismatic configurations. It is necessary to consider all relevant safety aspects at the battery design stage, recognizing the fact that they may differ considerably, depending on the specific lithium system, power capabi