1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 60325:2004 Radiation protection instrumentation Alpha, beta and alpha/beta (beta energy 60 keV) contamination meters and monitors The European Standard EN 60325:2004 has the status of a British Standard ICS 13.280 BS EN 60325:2004 This British Standard was published under the
2、authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 9 September 2004 BSI 9 September 2004 ISBN 0 580 44398 1 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 60325:2004. It was derived by CENELEC from IEC 60325:2002. It supersedes BS IEC 60325:2002 which
3、 is withdrawn. The CENELEC common modifications have been implemented at the appropriate places in the text. The start and finish of each common modification is indicated in the text by tags . The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee NCE/2, Health physics instrume
4、ntation, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue un
5、der the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct ap
6、plication. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed;
7、 monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 42, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicate
8、s when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEAN STANDARD EN 60325 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM July 2004 CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr E
9、lektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels 2004 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. EN 60325:2004 E ICS 13.280 English version Radiation protection instrumentation - Alpha, beta an
10、d alpha/beta (beta energy 60 keV) contamination meters and monitors (IEC 60325:2002, modified) Instrumentation pour la radioprotection - Contaminamtres et moniteurs de contamination alpha, bta et alpha/bta (nergie des bta 60 keV) (CEI 60325:2002, modifie) Strahlenschutz-Messgerte - Alpha-, Beta- und
11、 Alpha/Beta- (Betaenergie 60 keV) Kontaminationsmessgerte und -monitore (IEC 60325:2002, modifiziert) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2004-05-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European St
12、andard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, F
13、rench, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgiu
14、m, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Foreword The text of the International Stan
15、dard IEC 60325:2002, prepared by SC 45B, Radiation protection instrumentation, of IEC TC 45, Nuclear instrumentation, together with the common modifications prepared by the CENELEC BTTF 111-3, Instrumentation for ionizing radiation measurement and protection, was submitted to the formal vote and was
16、 approved by CENELEC as EN 60325 on 2004-05-01. The following dates were fixed: latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2005-05-01 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN
17、have to be withdrawn (dow) 2007-05-01 Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC. _ Page2 EN60325:2004CONTENTS 1 Scope and object6 2 Normative references .7 3 Terms and definitions .7 4 Units 10 5 Classification of assemblies .10 6 General characteristics.11 6.1 Detection assemblies 11 6.2 Ease of decontami
18、nation .11 6.3 Sealing11 6.4 Alarm threshold.11 6.5 Instrument indication .12 6.5.1 For contamination meters 12 6.5.2 For monitors 12 6.5.3 Indications in terms of activity12 6.6 Effective range of measurement 12 6.7 Display13 6.8 Mechanical shocks 13 6.9 Setting up and maintenance facilities for el
19、ectronic equipment 13 7 General test procedures .13 7.1 Tests.13 7.1.1 Qualification test13 7.1.2 Acceptance test.14 7.2 General .14 7.2.1 Basic principles .14 7.2.2 Permissible variation of indication with variation of influence quantity14 7.2.3 Reference radionuclides 15 7.3 Background.15 7.4 Stat
20、istical fluctuations .15 8 Electrical characteristics.15 8.1 Influence of statistical fluctuations.15 8.1.1 Requirements 15 8.1.2 Test method 16 8.2 Response time 16 8.2.1 Requirements 16 8.2.2 Test method 16 8.3 Interrelationship between response time and statistical fluctuations 17 8.4 Alarm thres
21、hold drift17 8.4.1 Requirements 17 8.4.2 Test method 17 8.5 Warm-up time test (for portable assemblies) .18 8.5.1 Meters and monitors18 8.5.2 Measurement assemblies 18 8.6 Resolution time .19 8.6.1 For meters and monitors19 8.6.2 For detection assemblies.19 8.6.3 For measurement assemblies 19 Page3
22、EN60325:20048.6.4 Range limitation for a combination of detection and measurement assembly.19 8.7 Overload protection.20 8.7.1 Requirements 20 8.7.2 Test method 20 8.8 Operating plateau (for detection assemblies only) .20 8.9 Threshold (for detection assemblies only) .21 9 Radiation characteristics
23、21 9.1 General .21 9.2 Surface emission rate response 21 9.2.1 Requirements 21 9.2.2 Methods of measuring the instrument efficiency 21 9.2.3 Test methods.21 9.3 Variation of response over the surface of the detector.22 9.3.1 Requirements 22 9.3.2 Test method 22 9.4 Relative intrinsic error .23 9.4.1
24、 Requirements 23 9.4.2 Test method 23 9.4.3 Minimum detectable surface emission rate per unit area24 9.5 Variation of surface emission rate response with radiation energy.24 9.5.1 Alpha contamination meters or monitors or detector assemblies24 9.5.2 Beta contamination meters or monitors or detector
25、assemblies25 9.6 Response to other ionizing radiations25 9.6.1 General .25 9.6.2 Gamma radiation .26 9.6.3 Beta radiation (for alpha contamination meters and monitors and detection assemblies)27 9.6.4 Alpha radiation (for beta contamination meters and monitors)27 9.6.5 Neutrons .27 9.7 Background co
26、unt rate 27 10 Environmental influences28 10.1 Ambient temperature.28 10.1.1 Requirements 28 10.1.2 Test method 28 10.1.3 Meters and monitors28 10.1.4 Measurement assemblies 29 10.1.5 Detection assemblies 29 10.2 Relative humidity.29 10.2.1 Requirements 29 10.2.2 Test method 29 10.3 Power supply.29
27、10.3.1 Mains operated equipment 29 10.3.2 Battery operation.31 10.4 Electromagnetic compatibility 32 10.4.1 Electrostatic discharge 32 10.4.2 Radiated electromagnetic fields.32 10.4.3 Conducted disturbances induced by bursts and radio frequencies .33 10.4.4 Surges 33 10.4.5 Voltage dips and short in
28、terruptions 33 Page4 EN60325:200410.4.6 Radiated emissions .34 11 Storage 34 11.1 General .34 11.2 Mechanical shock34 12 Documentation .34 12.1 Identification certificate .34 12.1.1 Concerning the measurement assembly 35 12.1.2 Concerning each detection assembly.35 12.1.3 Concerning meters and monit
29、ors .35 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international pubications with their corresponding European publications41 Table 1 Reference conditions and standard test conditions36 Table 2 Test performed under standard test conditions37 Table 3 Test performed with variation of influence quant
30、ities .38 Page5 EN60325:2004 ALPHA, BETA AND ALPHA/BETA (BETA ENERGY 60 keV) CONTAMINATION METERS AND MONITORS 1 Scope and object This International Standard is applicable to radiation meters and monitors designed for the direct measurement or the direct detection of surface contamination by alpha a
31、nd/or beta radiation emitting nuclides and which comprise at least: a detection assembly (comprising text deleted counter tube, scintillation detector or semiconductor detector, etc), which may be connected either rigidly or by means of a flexible cable or incorporated into a single assembly. a meas
32、urement assembly. Some meters and monitors consist of detection assemblies and measurement assemblies where it is possible to separate the detector assembly and use alternative detection assemblies. Conformity with the standard can either be achieved by: All combinations of the detection assembly an
33、d the measurement assembly conforming to the requirements of this standard. or The detection assembly and the measurement assembly separately conforming to the relevant parts of this standard in isolation. NOTE The use of the latter criteria verifies conformance with this standard but does not infer
34、 that calibration of a particular combination of instruments is interchangeable with any other combination. The use of the latter criteria could allow a purchaser to use combinations of assemblies from different manufacturers with confidence. The standard is applicable to: alpha surface contaminatio
35、n meters; alpha surface contamination monitors; beta surface contamination meters; beta surface contamination monitors; alpha/beta surface contamination meters; alpha/beta surface contamination monitors. The latter two are equipment capable of determining alpha and beta contamination simultaneously
36、and displaying the measurement of either: Alpha (beta, alpha/beta) surface contamination meter An assembly including one or more radiation detectors and associated assemblies or basic function units, designed to measure alpha (beta, alpha/beta) surface emission rate associated with the contamination
37、 of the surface under examination. Alpha (beta, alpha/beta) surface contamination monitor. This standard is also applicable to special purpose assemblies and to assemblies specifically designed for a surface of a particular nature. However, some of the requirements may need to be amended or suppleme
38、nted according to the particular requirements applicable to such assemblies. Page6 EN60325:2004If an assembly has been designed to carry out combined functions, it must comply with the requirements pertaining to these different functions. If, on the other hand, it has been designed to perform one fu
39、nction, and, in addition, it is also capable of carrying out other functions, then it must comply with the requirements for the first function, and it would be desirable for it to comply with requirements pertaining to the others. This standard is not applicable to radiation monitors or meters desig
40、ned to measure or detect beta particles with E max 150 keV). 3.5 small area source source whose active surface area has a maximum linear dimension not exceeding 1 cm Page7 EN60325:20043.6 surface emission rate response (instrument efficiency) under stated conditions specified by the manufacturer (se
41、nsitive area of the detector, active surface area of the source and the distance between source and detector), the surface emission rate response (efficiency) of the detector used in conjunction with the assemblies is the ratio of the number of detected particles (for instance counts per unit time,
42、corrected for background) to the number of particles of the same type emitted by the radiation source in the same interval of time (conventionally true surface emission rate) 3.7 response time (of a measuring assembly) the time required after a step variation in the measured quantity for the output
43、signal variation to reach a given percentage, usually 90 %, of its final value for the first time IEV 394-19-09 NOTE For integrating measuring assemblies the response time is 90 % of the equilibrium value of the first derivative or slope of the indication. 3.8 sensitive area of the detector: the are
44、a of the detector, defined by the manufacturer, where the efficiency for a small area source is greater than 50 % of the maximum efficiency 3.9 total equivalent thickness the thickness, generally expressed in mass per unit area that a particle (alpha or beta), emitted normally from the contaminated
45、surface crosses in order to reach the sensitive volume of the detector Note deleted NOTE This thickness includes the distance in the air plus the detector window thickness and, sometimes, the thickness of any screen fitted over the detector window which protects it from contamination. 3.10 indicatio
46、n error the difference between the indicated value of a quantity, v, and the conventionally true value of that quantity, v c , at the point of measurement. It is expressed as v v c 3.11 response (of a radiation measuring assembly) ratio, under specified conditions, given by the relation: c v v R = w
47、here v is the value of the quantity measured by the equipment or assembly under test and v cis the conventionally true value of this quantity 3.12 relative error of indication I the quotient of the error of indication of a measured quantity by the conventionally true value of the quantity. It may be
48、 expressed as a percentage 100 (%) c c = v v v I Page8 EN60325:2004 where v is the indicated value of a quantity and v cis the conventionally true value of the quantity at the point of measurement 3.13 relative intrinsic error relative error of indication of an assembly with respect to a quantity wh
49、en subjected to a specified reference radiation under specified reference conditions 3.14 coefficient of variation V the ratio (V) of the standard deviation (s) to the value of the arithmetic mean ( x ) of a set of n measurements (x i ) given by the following formula: = = = n i x x n x x s V 1 2 i ) ( 1 1 13.15 detection limit of the surface emission rate per unit area surface emission rat
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