1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 60904-9:2007Photovoltaic devices Part 9: Solar simulator performance requirementsThe European Standard EN 60904-9:2007 has the status of a British StandardICS 27.160g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g
2、55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS EN 60904-9:2007This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2008 BSI 2008ISBN 978 0 580 57329 3National forewordThis British Standard is t
3、he UK implementation of EN 60904-9:2007. It is identical to IEC 60904-9:2007.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee GEL/82, Solar photovoltaic energy systems.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This p
4、ublication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsEUROPEAN STANDARD EN 60904-
5、9 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM November 2007 CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels 2007 CENELEC - All rights of exp
6、loitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. EN 60904-9:2007 E ICS 27.160 English version Photovoltaic devices - Part 9: Solar simulator performance requirements (IEC 60904-9:2007) Dispositifs photovoltaques - Partie 9: Exigences pour le fonctionnement des
7、simulateurs solaires (CEI 60904-9:2007) Photovoltaische Einrichtungen - Teil 9: Leistungsanforderungen an Sonnensimulatoren (IEC 60904-9:2007) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2007-11-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate t
8、he conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exis
9、ts in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national elect
10、rotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzer
11、land and the United Kingdom. Foreword The text of document 82/488/FDIS, future edition 2 of IEC 60904-9, prepared by IEC TC 82, Solar photovoltaic energy systems, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 60904-9 on 2007-11-01. The following dates were fixed: l
12、atest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2008-08-01 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2010-11-01 Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC. _ Endor
13、sement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 60904-9:2007 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. _ EN 60904-9:2007 2 CONTENTS 1 Scope and object4 2 Normative references .4 3 Terms and definitions .4 3.1 solar simulator.4 3.2 test plane 5 3.3 designated t
14、est area5 3.4 data sampling time 5 3.5 data acquisition time .5 3.6 time for acquiring the I-V characteristic .5 3.7 effective irradiance5 3.8 spectral range .6 3.9 spectral match.6 3.10 non-uniformity of irradiance in the test plane .6 3.11 temporal instability of irradiance6 3.12 solar simulator c
15、lassification7 4 Simulator requirements 7 5 Measurement procedures .8 5.1 Introductory remarks .8 5.2 Spectral match 8 5.3 Non-uniformity of irradiance on the test plane .9 5.4 Temporal instability of irradiance.10 5.4.1 Solar simulators for I-V measurement10 5.4.2 Solar simulators for irradiance ex
16、posure12 6 Name plate and data sheet.12 Bibliography14 Figure 1 Evaluation of STI for a long pulse solar simulator.11 Figure 2 Evaluation of STI for a short pulse solar simulator .11 Table 1 Global reference solar spectral irradiance distribution given in IEC 60904-36 Table 2 Definition of solar sim
17、ulator classifications 7 Table 3 Example of solar simulator rating measurements.8 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with theircorresponding European publications15EN 60904-9:2007 3 PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICES Part 9: Solar simulator performance requirements 1 Scope and
18、 object IEC standards for photovoltaic devices require the use of specific classes of solar simulators deemed appropriate for specific tests. Solar simulators can be either used for performance measurements of PV devices or endurance irradiation tests. This part of IEC 60904 provides the definitions
19、 of and means for determining simulator classifications. In the case of PV performance measurements, using a solar simulator of high class does not eliminate the need to quantify the influence of the simulator on the measurement by making spectral mismatch corrections and analyzing the influences of
20、 uniformity of irradiance of the test plane and temporal stability on that measurement. Test reports for devices tested with the simulator shall list the class of simulator used for the measurement and the method used to quantify the simulators effect on the results. The purpose of this standard is
21、to define classifications of solar simulators for use in indoor measurements of terrestrial photovoltaic devices, solar simulators are classified as A, B or C for each of the three categories based on criteria of spectral distribution match, irradiance non-uniformity on the test plane and temporal i
22、nstability. This standard provides the required methodologies for determining the rating achieved by a solar simulator in each of the categories. This standard is referred to by other IEC standards in which class requirements are laid down for the use of solar simulators. Solar simulators for irradi
23、ance exposure should at least fulfil class CCC requirements where the third letter is related to long term instability. In the case of use for PV performance measurements, classification CBA is demanded where the third letter is related to the short term instability. 2 Normative references The follo
24、wing referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 60904-3: Photovoltaic devices Part 3: Measurement prin
25、ciples for terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) solar devices with reference spectral irradiance data 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 solar simulator A solar simulator can be used for two different applications: a) I-V measurement. b
26、) Irradiance exposure. The equipment is used to simulate the solar irradiance and spectrum. Simulators usually consist of three main components: (1) light source(s) and associated power supply; (2) any optics and filters required to modify the output beam to meet the classification requirements; EN
27、60904-9:2007 4 and (3) the necessary controls to operate the simulator. Solar simulators shall be labelled by their mode of operation during a test cycle. These are steady state, single pulse, and multi-pulse. NOTE 1 Two types of solar simulators are commonly used to determine I-V characteristics: S
28、teady-state and pulsed. The pulsed solar simulators can be further subdivided into long pulse systems acquiring the total I-V characteristic during one flash and short pulse systems acquiring one I-V data point per flash. NOTE 2 Beside the light source, the lamp power supply and the optics, also the
29、 I-V data acquisition, the electronic load and the operating software may be an integral part of the solar simulator. Requirements for the related measurement technique are included in other parts of the IEC 60904 series. 3.2 test plane the plane intended to contain the device under test at the refe
30、rence irradiance level 3.3 designated test area region of the test plane that is assessed for uniformity NOTE If required, typical geometries can be specified. A specification related to a circular geometry is also permitted. 3.4 data sampling time the time to take a single data set (irradiance, vol
31、tage, current). In the case of simultaneous measurement, this is given by the characteristic of the A/D converter. In the case of multiplexed systems the data sampling rate is the multiplexing rate. EXAMPLE A multiplexing time of 1 s would give a sampling rate of 1 MegaSamples per second. NOTE Due t
32、o a possible delay time for transient oscillation at each data point the data sampling rate must be related to the data acquisition system only. The data sampling time is used for evaluation of temporal stability. 3.5 data acquisition time the time to take the entire or a part of the current-voltage
33、 curve NOTE 1 The time of data acquisition depends on the number of I-V data points and a delay time that might be adjustable. NOTE 2 In the case of pulsed solar simulators the time of data acquisition is related to the measurements recorded during a single flash. 3.6 time for acquiring the I-V char
34、acteristic if the I-V curve of a PV device is measured through sectoring in different parts and successive flashes, the full time for acquiring the entire I-V characteristic is the sum of times of data acquisition 3.7 effective irradiance irradiance may change during data acquisition of a I-V perfor
35、mance measurement. The effective irradiance is then the average irradiance of all data points. NOTE Care should be taken that possible irradiance correction meets the requirements of IEC 60891. EN 60904-9:2007 5 3.8 spectral range the reference spectral distribution of sunlight at Air Mass 1,5 Globa
36、l is defined in IEC 60904-3. For simulator evaluation purposes this standard restricts the wavelength range from 400 nm to 1 100 nm. In accordance with Table 1 this wavelength range of interest is divided in 6 wavelength bands, each contributing a certain percentage to the integrated irradiance. 3.9
37、 spectral match spectral match of a solar simulator is defined by the deviation from AM 1,5 reference spectral irradiance as laid down in IEC 60904-3. For 6 wavelength intervals of interest, the percentage of total irradiance is specified in Table 1. Table 1 Global reference solar spectral irradianc
38、e distribution given in IEC 60904-3 Wavelength range nm Percentage of total irradiance in the wavelength range 400 nm 1 100 nm 1 2 3 4 5 6 400 500 500 600 600 700 700 800 800 900 900 1 100 18,4 % 19,9 % 18,4 % 14,9 % 12,5 % 15,9 % 3.10 non-uniformity of irradiance in the test plane %100minmaxminmax(
39、%) +=irradianceirradianceirradianceirradianceuniformityNon (1)where the maximum and minimum irradiance are those measured with the detector(s) over the designated test area. 3.11 temporal instability of irradiance temporal instability is defined by two parameters: a) Short term instability (STI) Thi
40、s relates to the data sampling time of a data set (irradiance, current, voltage) during an I-V measurement. This value of temporal instability may be different between data sets on the I-V curve. In that case the short term instability is determined by the worst case. For batch testing of cells or m
41、odules with no irradiance monitoring during I-V measurement the STI is related to the time period between irradiance determination. b) Long term instability (LTI) This is related to the time period of interest: For I-V measurements it is the time for taking the entire I-V curve. For irradiation expo
42、sure tests it is related to the time period of exposure. %100minmaxminmax(%) +=irradianceirradianceirradianceirradianceyinstabilitTemporal (2)EN 60904-9:2007 6 where the maximum and minimum irradiance depend on the application of the solar simulator. If the solar simulator is used for endurance irra
43、diation tests, temporal instability is defined by the maximum and minimum irradiance measured with a detector at any particular point on the test plane during the time of exposure. 3.12 solar simulator classification a solar simulator may be one of three classes (A, B, or C) for each of the three ca
44、tegories Spectral match, spatial non-uniformity and temporal instability. Each simulator is rated with three letters in order of spectral match, non-uniformity of irradiance in the test plane and temporal instability (for example: CBA). NOTE The solar simulator classification should be periodically
45、checked in order to prove that classification is maintained. For example spectral irradiance may change with operation time of the used lamp or uniformity of irradiance is influenced by the reflection conditions in the test chamber. 4 Simulator requirements Table 1 gives the performance requirements
46、 for spectral match, non-uniformity of irradiance and temporal instability of irradiance. For the spectral match, all six intervals shown in Table 1 shall agree with the ratios in Table 2 to obtain the respective classes. Refer to Clause 5 for procedures to measure and calculate the three parameters
47、 (spectral match, non-uniformity of irradiance and temporal instability) of the simulator. If the simulator is intended to be used for STC measurement, it should be capable of producing an effective irradiance of 1 000 W/m2at the test plane. Higher or lower irradiance levels may also be required. NO
48、TE If higher or lower irradiance is required, this may change the simulator classification. These requirements apply to both steady state and pulsed solar simulators. Table 2 Definition of solar simulator classifications Temporal instability Classifications Spectral match to all intervals specified
49、in Table 1 Non-uniformity of irradiance Short term instability of irradiance STI Long term instability of irradiance LTI A 0,75 1,25 2 % 0,5% 2 % B 0,6 1,4 5 % 2 % 5 % C 0,4 2,0 10 % 10 % 10 % NOTE An example of solar simulator classification for I-V measurement is shown in Table 3. The classification of spectral match is given for a non-filtered Xenon lamp. The classification for non-uniformity of irradiance depends on the module size of interest. EN 60904-9:2007 7 Table 3 Example o
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