1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 61478:2001IEC 61478:2001Incorporating Amendment No. 1Live working Ladders of insulating materialThe European Standard EN 61478:2001, with the incorporation of amendment A1:2003, has the status of a British StandardICS 13.260; 29.240; 29.260.99g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g
2、44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS EN 61478:2001This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Electrotechnical Sector Policy and Strategy Comm
3、ittee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 29 April 2002 BSI 22 December 2003ISBN 0 580 39452 2National forewordThis British Standard is the official English language version of EN 61478:2001, including amendment A1:2003. It is identical with IEC 61478
4、:2001, including amendent 1:2003. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !“.The CENELEC common modifications have been implemented at the appropriate places in the text.The start and finish of each common modification is indicated in the text
5、 by tags ab. Where a common modification has been introduced by amendment, the tags carry the number of the amendment. For example, the common modifications introduced by CENELEC amendment A1 are indicated by ab.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PEL/78, Too
6、ls for live working, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.Cross-referencesThe British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Ca
7、talogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards OnlineThis publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its co
8、rrect application.Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests in
9、formed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK.Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 35 and a back cover.The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the documen
10、t was last issued.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Comments14843 22 December 2003 See national forewordEUROPEAN STANDARD EN 61478 December 2001 NORME EUROPENNE + A1 October 2003 EUROPISCHE NORM CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisa
11、tion Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels 2001 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. EN 61478:2001 + A1:2003 E ICS 13.260;29.240;29.260
12、.99 English version Live working - Ladders of insulating material (including Amendment A1:2003) (IEC 61478:2001 + A1:2003) Travaux sous tension - Echelles en matriau isolant (inclut lamendement A1:2003) (CEI 61478:2001 + A1:2003) Arbeiten unter Spannung - Leitern aus isolierendem Material (enthlt nd
13、erung A1:2003) (IEC 61478:2001 + A1:2003) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2001-12-01. Amendment A1 was approved by CENELEC on 2003-10-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard t
14、he status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, G
15、erman). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Czech
16、 Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Foreword The text of document 78/394/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 61478, prepared by IEC TC 7
17、8, Live working, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 61478 on 2001-12-01. The following dates were fixed: latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2002-09-
18、01 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2004-12-01 Annexes designated “normative“ are part of the body of the standard. Annexes designated “informative“ are given for information only. In this standard, annexes A, B, C and ZA are normative an
19、d annex D is informative. Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC. _ Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 61478:2001 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. _ Foreword to amendment A1 The text of amendment 1:2003 to the International Standard IEC
20、61478:2001, prepared by IEC TC 78, Live working, together with the common modifications prepared by the Technical Committee CENELEC TC 78, Equipment and tools for live working, was submitted to the formal vote and was approved by CENELEC as amendment A1 to EN 61478:2001 on 2003-10-01. The following
21、dates were fixed: latest date by which the amendment has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identicalnational standard or by endorsement (dop) 2004-10-01 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the amendment have to be withdrawn (dow) 2006-10-01 Annexes des
22、ignated “normative“ are part of the body of the standard. In this standard, Annex ZA is normative. Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC _ Endorsement notice The text of amendment 1:2003 to the International Standard IEC 61478:2001 was approved by CENELEC as an amendment to the European Standard with a
23、greed common modifications. _ Page 2EN 61478:2001CONTENTS 1 Scope.5 2 Normative references .5 3 Definitions 6 4 Classification7 4.1 Category 1 7 4.2 Category 2 8 5 Requirements .8 5.1 General physical requirements 8 5.2 Category 1 physical requirements .8 5.2.1 Base section8 5.2.2 Ladder extensions
24、.8 5.2.3 Stiles.9 5.2.4 Fixing systems.9 5.2.5 Connecting device .9 5.2.6 Cradles9 5.3 Category 2 physical requirements .9 5.3.1 Base section9 5.3.2 Ladder extensions .10 5.3.3 Stiles.10 5.3.4 Connecting device .10 5.4 Mechanical requirements.10 5.4.1 General mechanical requirements .10 5.4.2 Catego
25、ry 1 mechanical requirements.10 5.4.3 Category 2 mechanical requirements.11 5.5 General electrical requirements.11 5.5.1 Conductive parts .11 5.5.2 Insulating parts11 5.6 Marking .11 6 Type tests 11 6.1 General .11 6.2 Visual, dimensional and functional inspection12 6.3 Durability of markings12 6.4
26、Mechanical tests .12 6.4.1 General .12 6.4.2 Category 1 ladders 14 6.4.3 Category 2 ladders 16 6.5 Electrical tests.17 6.5.1 Electrical test on mechanically aged ladder .17 6.5.2 Electrical test on Category 2 individual sections 18 Page 3EN 61478:20017 Routine tests 18 7.1 General .18 7.2 Visual ins
27、pection .18 7.3 Operational inspection.18 7.4 Electrical test 18 8 Quality plan and acceptance tests 18 8.1 General .18 8.2 Records 19 9 Modifications 19 Annex A (normative) Chronology of tests .30 Annex B (normative) Acceptance tests.31 Annex C (normative) Sampling procedure 32 Annex D (informative
28、) Recommendations for in-service care34 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications .35 Page 4EN 61478:2001LIVE WORKING LADDERS OF INSULATING MATERIAL 1 Scope This International Standard is applicable to fully insulating spli
29、ced or hook ladders with extension or having a combination of insulating and conductive sections and used for live working on a.c. or d.c. electrical installations at 1 000 V and above for a.c. and 1 500 V and above for d.c. The ladders are classified functionally as Category 1 and Category 2. This
30、standard concerns only ladders made of synthetic material. These ladders are used, to provide access, generally on overhead line structures and to facilitate live working, either hot stick, barehanded or a combination of both. 2 Normative references The following normative documents contain provisio
31、ns which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate t
32、he possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. IEC 60050(151):2001, Interna
33、tional Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) Chapter 151: Electrical and magnetic devices IEC 60212:1971, Standard conditions for use prior to and during the testing of solid electrical insulating materials !IEC 60417 (all parts) DB-2000a1), Graphical symbols for use on equipment“ IEC 60743, Live workin
34、g Terminology for tools, equipment and devices 1IEC 60855:1985, Insulating foam-filled tubes and solid rods for live working IEC 61235:1993, Live working Insulating hollows tubes for electrical purposes IEC 61318:1994, Live working Guidelines for quality assurance plans ISO 2859-1:1999, Sampling pro
35、cedures for inspection by attributes Part 1: Sampling schemes indexed by acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection !a1)“DB” refers to the IEC on-line database“ 1Second edition to be published (presently RDIS/326). Page 5EN 61478:2001ISO 9000: 2000, Quality management systems Fundament
36、als and vocabulary ISO 9001:2000, Quality management systems Requirements ISO 9004:2000, Quality management and quality system elements Guidelines for performance improvements 3 Definitions For the purpose of this International Standard, the following definitions apply. 3.1 section unit of a ladder
37、consisting of a minimum of three rungs 3.2 base section first element of a ladder designed to support other sections NOTE It may be the highest or lowest element of a ladder. 3.3 spliced ladder ladder constructed of sections that are made of metal or synthetic material and spliced together IEC 60743
38、, 9.1.3 3.4 insulating hook ladder insulating ladder equipped to one end with permanent or removable hooks which can be rigid or can rotate IEC 60743, 9.1.4 3.5 insulating ladder extension additional insulating section which can be fixed to an insulating hook ladder or another ladder extension IEC 6
39、0743, 9.1.5 3.6 support bracket device designed to be fastened to any level of the structure and supporting the load of the spliced ladder NOTE It may also be fitted to the structure between spliced ladder sections. Page 6EN 61478:20013.7 cradle device designed to hold the ladder at a fixed distance
40、 from the structure on which it is positioned 3.8 fixing system link device designed to hold the ladder firmly to the structure 3.9 connecting device constructive arrangement allowing the connection of two ladder extensions or one ladder extension and one base section 3.10 adjustable foot device ins
41、erted on a height-adjustable base section in order to adjust a level difference between the two ladder feet 3.11 type test test of one or more devices made to a certain design to show that the design meets certain specifications 3.12 routine test test to which each individual device is subjected dur
42、ing or after manufacture to ascertain whether it complies with certain criteria 3.13 sampling test test on a number of devices taken at random from a batch 3.14 acceptance test contractual test to prove to the customer that the device meets certain conditions of its specification IEV 151-16-23 4 Cla
43、ssification 4.1 Category 1 Category 1 ladders are designed to be attached to overhead line structures to allow climbing. These ladders are positioned vertically on the structures with special cradles and they are attached by fixing systems to prevent the ladder from moving on the structures. The lad
44、der may rest either on the ground or on a special platform fitted to the structure. These ladders shall comprise a minimum of one insulating section. They may be extended by the use of additional insulating or conductive sections suitably interlocked. Category 1 ladders are restricted to voltages up
45、 to and including 36 kV. Page 7EN 61478:20014.2 Category 2 Category 2 ladders are designed for live working, either hot stick or bare hand, to provide access to live parts in either a horizontal, vertical or inclined position. Ladders are positioned on the structure by two hooks or by a special turn
46、ing saddle. These ladders can be extended by the use of a hook ladder extension. 5 Requirements 5.1 General physical requirements The rungs shall have a non-slip surface and shall be perpendicular to the stiles. The shape of rungs shall be designed to ensure a firm grip for gloved hands and also a s
47、upport that ensures comfort for the worker wearing shoes or boots. All metal parts shall be corrosion resistant. 5.2 Category 1 physical requirements 5.2.1 Base section The length of base sections shall be within the following ranges: 2 100 mm to 2 400 mm; 3 000 mm to 3 500 mm; with a margin of 5 mm
48、 in all cases. NOTE The difference in length of the two stiles should not exceed 2 mm. A base section includes: two stiles, each having an adjustable height foot; seven or ten rungs according to the length; two cradles; two or three fixing systems according to the section length: one is at the same
49、level as each cradle, the other is upon the first lower rung. The base section shall be equipped at its upper part with a female connecting device of the same type as that of the other ladder sections. 5.2.2 Ladder extensions The length of extensions shall be within the following ranges: 1 200 mm to 2 000 mm; 2 400 mm to 3 000 mm; 3 500 mm to 4 000 mm; with a margin of 5 mm in all cases. NOTE The difference in length of the two stiles should not exceed 2 mm. Each extension sha
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