EN 61508-1-2010 en Functional safety of electrical electronic programmable electronic safety-related systems - Part 1 General requirements《电气 电子 可编程电子安全相关系统的功能安全 第1部分 一般要求》.pdf

1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationFunctional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systemsPart 1: General requirementsBS EN 61508-1:2010National forewordThis British Standard is t

2、he UK implementation of EN 61508-1:2010. It isidentical to IEC 61508-1:2010. It supersedes BS EN 61508-1:2002 which iswithdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical CommitteeGEL/65, Measurement and control, to Subcommittee GEL/65/1, System considerations.A list of organ

3、izations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of acontract. Users are responsible for its correct application. BSI 2010ISBN 978 0 580 56233 4ICS 13.260; 25.040.40; 29.020Compliance with a Br

4、itish Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the StandardsPolicy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2010.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN 61508-1:2010EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 61508

5、-1 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM May 2010 CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels 2010 CENELEC - All rights of exploitatio

6、n in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. EN 61508-1:2010 E ICS 13.110; 25.040; 29.020 Supersedes EN 61508-1:2001English version Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systems - Part 1: General requirements (IEC 61508-1

7、:2010) Scurit fonctionnelle des systmes lectriques/lectroniques/lectroniques programmables relatifs la scurit - Partie 1: Exigences gnrales (CEI 61508-1:2010) Funktionale Sicherheit sicherheitsbezogener elektrischer/elektronischer/programmierbarer elektronischer Systeme -Teil 1: Allgemeine Anforderu

8、ngen (IEC 61508-1:2010) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2010-05-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date li

9、sts and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the

10、responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, F

11、rance, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 61508-1:2010EN 61508-1:2010 - 2 - Foreword The text of document 65A/548/FDI

12、S, future edition 2 of IEC 61508-1, prepared by SC 65A, System aspects, of IEC TC 65, Industrial-process measurement, control and automation, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 61508-1 on 2010-05-01. This European Standard supersedes EN 61508-1:2001. It

13、has the status of a basic safety publication according to IEC Guide 104. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. The following da

14、tes were fixed: latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2011-02-01 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2013-05-01 Annex ZA has been added by

15、 CENELEC. _ Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 61508-1:2010 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated: 1 IEC 61511 series NOTE Harmoni

16、zed in EN 61511 series (not modified). 2 IEC 62061 NOTE Harmonized as EN 62061. 3 IEC 61800-5-2 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61800-5-2. 5 IEC 61508-6:2010 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61508-6:2010 (not modified). 6 IEC 61508-7:2010 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61508-7:2010 (not modified). 10 IEC 60300-3-1:2003 NOTE Harm

17、onized as EN 60300-3-1:2004 (not modified). 15 IEC 61326-3-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61326-3-1. 17 IEC 61355 series NOTE Harmonized in EN 61355 series (not modified). 18 IEC 60601 series NOTE Harmonized in EN 60601 series (partially modified). 20 IEC 61508-5:2010 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61508-5:2010 (no

18、t modified). _ BS EN 61508-1:2010- 3 - EN 61508-1:2010 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edit

19、ion cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. NOTE When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD applies. Publication Year Title EN/HD Year IEC 61508-2

20、 2010 Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systems - Part 2: Requirements for electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systems EN 61508-2 2010 IEC 61508-3 2010 Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-r

21、elated systems - Part 3: Software requirements EN 61508-3 2010 IEC 61508-4 2010 Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systems - Part 4: Definitions and abbreviations EN 61508-4 2010 IEC Guide 104 1997 The preparation of safety publications and the use of b

22、asic safety publications and group safety publications - - ISO/IEC Guide 51 1999 Safety aspects - Guidelines for their inclusion in standards - - BS EN 61508-1:2010 2 61508-1 IEC:2010 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION.7 1 Scope.9 2 Normative references12 3 Definitions and abbreviations 12 4 Conformance to this

23、standard .12 5 Documentation .13 5.1 Objectives .13 5.2 Requirements 13 6 Management of functional safety.14 6.1 Objectives .14 6.2 Requirements 14 7 Overall safety lifecycle requirements .17 7.1 General .17 7.1.1 Introduction .17 7.1.2 Objectives and requirements general 20 7.1.3 Objectives .25 7.1

24、.4 Requirements 25 7.2 Concept.25 7.2.1 Objective .25 7.2.2 Requirements 26 7.3 Overall scope definition .26 7.3.1 Objectives .26 7.3.2 Requirements 26 7.4 Hazard and risk analysis27 7.4.1 Objectives .27 7.4.2 Requirements 27 7.5 Overall safety requirements .28 7.5.1 Objective .29 7.5.2 Requirements

25、 29 7.6 Overall safety requirements allocation30 7.6.1 Objectives .30 7.6.2 Requirements 31 7.7 Overall operation and maintenance planning 35 7.7.1 Objective .35 7.7.2 Requirements 35 7.8 Overall safety validation planning.37 7.8.1 Objective .37 7.8.2 Requirements 37 7.9 Overall installation and com

26、missioning planning.38 7.9.1 Objectives .38 7.9.2 Requirements 38 7.10 E/E/PE system safety requirements specification .38 7.10.1 Objective .39 7.10.2 Requirements 39 7.11 E/E/PE safety-related systems realisation .41 BS EN 61508-1:201061508-1 IEC:2010 3 7.11.1 Objective .41 7.11.2 Requirements 41 7

27、.12 Other risk reduction measures specification and realisation.41 7.12.1 Objective .41 7.12.2 Requirements 41 7.13 Overall installation and commissioning.41 7.13.1 Objectives .41 7.13.2 Requirements 42 7.14 Overall safety validation.42 7.14.1 Objective .42 7.14.2 Requirements 42 7.15 Overall operat

28、ion, maintenance and repair .43 7.15.1 Objective .43 7.15.2 Requirements 43 7.16 Overall modification and retrofit .46 7.16.1 Objective .46 7.16.2 Requirements 47 7.17 Decommissioning or disposal.48 7.17.1 Objective .48 7.17.2 Requirements 48 7.18 Verification 49 7.18.1 Objective .49 7.18.2 Requirem

29、ents 49 8 Functional safety assessment .50 8.1 Objective .50 8.2 Requirements 50 Annex A (informative) Example of a documentation structure54 Bibliography60 Figure 1 Overall framework of the IEC 61508 series .11 Figure 2 Overall safety lifecycle18 Figure 3 E/E/PE system safety lifecycle (in realisat

30、ion phase) .19 Figure 4 Software safety lifecycle (in realisation phase) 19 Figure 5 Relationship of overall safety lifecycle to the E/E/PE system and software safety lifecycles.20 Figure 6 Allocation of overall safety requirements to E/E/PE safety-related systems and other risk reduction measures.3

31、2 Figure 7 Example of operations and maintenance activities model 45 Figure 8 Example of operation and maintenance management model .46 Figure 9 Example of modification procedure model.48 Figure A.1 Structuring information into document sets for user groups 59 Table 1 Overall safety lifecycle overvi

32、ew21 Table 2 Safety integrity levels target failure measures for a safety function operating in low demand mode of operation 33 Table 3 Safety integrity levels target failure measures for a safety function operating in high demand mode of operation or continuous mode of operation 34 BS EN 61508-1:20

33、10 4 61508-1 IEC:2010 Table 4 Minimum levels of independence of those carrying out functional safety assessment (overall safety lifecycle phases 1 to 8 and 12 to 16 inclusive (see Figure 2) .53 Table 5 Minimum levels of independence of those carrying out functional safety assessment (overall safety

34、lifecycle phases 9 and 10, including all phases of E/E/PE system and software safety lifecycles (see Figures 2, 3 and 4) .53 Table A.1 Example of a documentation structure for information related to the overall safety lifecycle 56 Table A.2 Example of a documentation structure for information relate

35、d to the E/E/PE system safety lifecycle.57 Table A.3 Example of a documentation structure for information related to the software safety lifecycle 58 BS EN 61508-1:201061508-1 IEC:2010 7 INTRODUCTION Systems comprised of electrical and/or electronic elements have been used for many years to perform

36、safety functions in most application sectors. Computer-based systems (generically referred to as programmable electronic systems) are being used in all application sectors to perform non-safety functions and, increasingly, to perform safety functions. If computer system technology is to be effective

37、ly and safely exploited, it is essential that those responsible for making decisions have sufficient guidance on the safety aspects on which to make these decisions. This International Standard sets out a generic approach for all safety lifecycle activities for systems comprised of electrical and/or

38、 electronic and/or programmable electronic (E/E/PE) elements that are used to perform safety functions. This unified approach has been adopted in order that a rational and consistent technical policy be developed for all electrically-based safety-related systems. A major objective is to facilitate t

39、he development of product and application sector international standards based on the IEC 61508 series. NOTE 1 Examples of product and application sector international standards based on the IEC 61508 series are given in the Bibliography (see references 1, 2 and 3). In most situations, safety is ach

40、ieved by a number of systems which rely on many technologies (for example mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, electronic, programmable electronic). Any safety strategy must therefore consider not only all the elements within an individual system (for example sensors, controlling devices an

41、d actuators) but also all the safety-related systems making up the total combination of safety-related systems. Therefore, while this International Standard is concerned with E/E/PE safety-related systems, it may also provide a framework within which safety-related systems based on other technologie

42、s may be considered. It is recognized that there is a great variety of applications using E/E/PE safety-related systems in a variety of application sectors and covering a wide range of complexity, hazard and risk potentials. In any particular application, the required safety measures will be depende

43、nt on many factors specific to the application. This International Standard, by being generic, will enable such measures to be formulated in future product and application sector international standards and in revisions of those that already exist. This International Standard considers all relevant

44、overall, E/E/PE system and software safety lifecycle phases (for example, from initial concept, through design, implementation, operation and maintenance to decommissioning) when E/E/PE systems are used to perform safety functions; has been conceived with a rapidly developing technology in mind; the

45、 framework is sufficiently robust and comprehensive to cater for future developments; enables product and application sector international standards, dealing with E/E/PE safety-related systems, to be developed; the development of product and application sector international standards, within the fra

46、mework of this standard, should lead to a high level of consistency (for example, of underlying principles, terminology etc.) both within application sectors and across application sectors; this will have both safety and economic benefits; provides a method for the development of the safety requirem

47、ents specification necessary to achieve the required functional safety for E/E/PE safety-related systems; adopts a risk-based approach by which the safety integrity requirements can be determined; introduces safety integrity levels for specifying the target level of safety integrity for the safety f

48、unctions to be implemented by the E/E/PE safety-related systems; NOTE 2 The standard does not specify the safety integrity level requirements for any safety function, nor does it mandate how the safety integrity level is determined. Instead it provides a risk-based conceptual framework and example t

49、echniques. BS EN 61508-1:2010 8 61508-1 IEC:2010 sets target failure measures for safety functions carried out by E/E/PE safety-related systems, which are linked to the safety integrity levels; sets a lower limit on the target failure measures for a safety function carried out by a single E/E/PE safety-related system. For E/E/PE safety-related systems operating in a low demand mode of operation, the lo