EN 62226-3-1-2007 en Exposure to electric or magnetic fields in the low and intermediate frequency range - Methods for calculating the current density and internal electric field i.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 62226-3-1:2007Exposure to electric or magnetic fields in the low and intermediate frequency range Methods for calculating the current density and internal electric field induced in the human body Part 3-1: Exposure to electric fields Analytical and 2D numerical models ICS 17.22

2、0.20g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58(IEC 62226-3-1:2007)+A1:2017BS EN 62226-3-1:2007+A1:2017This British Standard was published unde

3、r the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2007ISBN 978 0 580 92814 7National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 62226-3-1:2007+A1:2017.It is identical to IEC 62226-3-1:2007, incorporating amendment 1:2016. The UK participation in its prepa

4、ration was entrusted to Technical Committee GEL/106, Human exposure to low frequency and high frequency electromagnetic radiation.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provision

5、s of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Comments The British StandardsInstitution 2017.Standards Limited 2017Published by BSI28 February 2017

6、 Implementation of IEC amendment 2016 with CENELECendorsement A1:2017It supersedes BS EN 62226-3-1:2007 which is withdrawn. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags. Tags indicating changes to IEC text carry the number of the IEC amendment. For

7、 example, text altered by IEC amendment 1 is indicated by !“.EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 62226-3-1NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretar

8、iat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels 2007 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. EN 62226-3-1:2007 E ICS 17.220.20 English version Exposure to electric or magnetic fields in the low and intermediate frequency range - M

9、ethods for calculating the current density and internal electric field induced in the human body - Part 3-1: Exposure to electric fields - Analytical and 2D numerical models (IEC 62226-3-1:2007) Exposition aux champs lectriques ou magntiques basse et moyenne frquence - Mthodes de calcul des densits

10、de courant induit et des champs lectriquesinduits dans le corps humain - Partie 3-1: Exposition des champs lectriques - Modles analytiques et numriques 2D (CEI 62226-3-1:2007) Sicherheit in elektrischen oder magnetischen Feldern im niedrigen und mittleren Frequenzbereich - Verfahren zur Berechnung d

11、er induzierten Krperstromdichte und des im menschlichen Krpers induzierten elektrischen Feldes - Teil 3-1: Exposition gegenber elektrischen Feldern - Analytische Modelle und numerische 2D-Modelle (IEC 62226-3-1:2007) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2007-09-01. CENELEC members are b

12、ound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the

13、 Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the sa

14、me status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Nor

15、way, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. January 2017 :2007+A1 Foreword The text of document 106/125/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 62226-3-1, prepared by IEC TC 106, Methods for the assessment of electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fie

16、lds associated with human exposure, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 62226-3-1 on 2007-09-01. This European Standard is to be used in conjunction with EN 62226-1:2005. The following dates were fixed: latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at

17、 national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2008-06-01 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2010-09-01 _ Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 62226-3-1:2007 was approved by

18、 CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. _ 2 Foreword to amendment A1 The text of document 106/376/FDIS, future IEC 62226-3-1:2007/A1, prepared by IEC/TC 106 “Methods for the assessment of electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields associated with human exposure“ was submitted to

19、 the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as EN 62226-3-1:2007/A1:2017. The following dates are fixed: latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2017-08-11 latest date by which the n

20、ational standards conflicting with the document have to be withdrawn (dow) 2019-11-11 Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CENELEC and/or CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

21、Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 62226-3-1:2007/A1:2016 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. EN 62226-3-1:2007+A1:2017BS EN 62226-3-1:2007+A1:2017CONTENTS INTRODUCTION.6 1 Scope.7 2 Exposure to electric field 7 3 General procedure10 3.

22、1 Shape factor10 3.2 Procedure .10 4 Human body models.11 4.1 General .11 4.2 Surface area .11 4.3 Semi-spheroidal model12 4.4 Axisymmetrical body model .14 5 Calculation of induced current 15 5.1 General .15 5.2 Semi-spheroid .15 5.3 Axisymmetrical models19 5.4 Comparison of the analytical and nume

23、rical models 26 6 Influence of electrical parameters.26 6.1 General .26 6.2 Influence of permittivity .26 6.3 Influence of conductivity27 6.4 Non-homogeneous conductivity.27 7 Measurement of currents induced by electric fields.27 7.1 General .27 7.2 Current flowing to the ground 27 Annex A (normativ

24、e) Analytical solutions for a spheroid in a uniform electric field29 Annex B (normative) Human body axisymmetrical model .32 Annex C (informative) Child body model 37 Annex D (informative) Example of use of this standard 39 Annex E (informative) Numerical calculation methods43 Bibliography51 Figure

25、1 Illustration of the phenomenon of currents induced by electric field in a human body standing on the ground .9 Figure 2 Potential lines of the electric field generated by an energised wire in the absence of any objects (all distances in metres) .9 Figure 3 A realistic body model11 Figure 4 Scheme

26、of the semi-spheroid simulating a human being standing on a zero potential plane 12 Figure 5 Equivalent spheroid radius, R, versus height, L, and for different mass, M 14 Figure 6 The axisymmetrical body model for the reference man (left) and woman (right)14 3 IEC 62226-3-1:2007+A1:2017BS EN 62226-3

27、-1:2007+A1:2017Figure 7 Conductive spheroid exposed to electric field.15 Figure 8 Calculation of the shape factor for electric field KEfor an spheroid exposed to an unperturbed electric field16 Figure 9 Current density JSinduced by an unperturbed electric field (1 kV/m, 50 Hz) in a spheroid versus p

28、arameter L/R (values in A/m).17 Figure 10 Dimensions and mesh of the semi-spheroid .18 Figure 11 Distortion of power frequency electric field lines close to the conductive semi-spheroid .18 Figure 12 Calculated induced current density JA(h) in the body standing in a vertical 50 Hz electric field of

29、1 kV/m 20 Figure 13 Computation domain 22 Figure 14 Mesh of the man body model and distortion of power frequency electric field lines close to model.22 Figure 15 Distribution of potential lines and 50 Hz electric field magnitude (man model) 23 Figure 16 Computation of induced currents JAalong a vert

30、ical axis, and distribution of induced currents in the man model at 50 Hz .23 Figure 17 Mesh of the woman body model and distortion of power frequency electric field lines close to model.24 Figure 18 Distribution of potential lines and 50 Hz electric field magnitude (woman model) 25 Figure 19 Comput

31、ation of induced currents JAalong a vertical axis, and distribution of induced currents in the woman model at 50 Hz .25 Figure A.1 Conductive spheroid exposed to electric field .29 Figure B.1 Normalised axisymmetrical models. Left: man, Right: woman .34 Figure C.1 Computation of induced currents JZa

32、long a vertical axis, and distribution of induced currents in the 10 years reference child model.38 Figure E.1 Spheroid model.44 Figure E.2 Space potential model 45 Figure E.3 Exemple of charge simulation method using rings.46 Figure E.4 Superficial charges integral equation method, cutting of the b

33、ody into N elements.47 Figure E.5 Mesh of the body using finite element method 48 Figure E.6 Impedance method .49 Figure E.7 Yee-method: Electric and magnetic grids for spatial discretization 50 Table 1 Data for reference man and reference woman .12 Table 2 Values of arcsin(e) / e for different valu

34、es of L/R.13 Table 3 Derived data using spheroid model at 50 Hz .19 Table 4 Electric field EBRrequired to produce basic restrictions JBR in the neck at 50 Hz21 Table 5 Comparison of values of the shape factor for electric field KEand corresponding current densities for an unperturbed 50 Hz electric

35、field of 1 kV/m.26 Table B.1 Measures from antropomorphic survey used to construct vertical dimensions of axisymmetrical model 56 33 4 IEC 62226-3-1:2007+A1:2017BS EN 62226-3-1:2007+A1:2017Table B.2 Measures from antropomorphic survey used to construct the radial dimensions of axisymmetrical model 5

36、6 33 Table B.3 Normalised model dimensions35 Table B.4 Axisymmetric model dimensions for reference man and reference woman whose mass and height are defined by ICRP 38 and are given in Table 1.36 Table C.1 Reference values provided by ICRP for male and female children37 Table C.2 Dimensions of the r

37、eference children (in m excepted SBRin m) .37Table C.3 Results of analytical method for the reference children 38 Table D.1 Normalised dimensions of the women model40 Table D.2 Calculation of the dimensions for a specific person41 5 IEC 62226-3-1:2007+A1:2017BS EN 62226-3-1:2007+A1:2017INTRODUCTION

38、Public interest concerning human exposure to electric and magnetic fields has led international and national organisations to propose limits based on recognised adverse effects. This standard applies to the frequency range for which the exposure limits are based on the induction of voltages or curre

39、nts in the human body, when exposed to electric and magnetic fields. This frequency range covers the low and intermediate frequencies, up to 100 kHz. Some methods described in this standard can be used at higher frequencies under specific conditions. The exposure limits based on biological and medic

40、al experimentation about these fundamental induction phenomena are usually called “basic restrictions”. They include safety factors. The induced electrical quantities are not directly measurable, so simplified derived limits are also proposed. These limits, called “reference levels” are given in ter

41、ms of external electric and magnetic fields. They are based on very simple models of coupling between external fields and the body. These derived limits are conservative. Sophisticated models for calculating induced currents in the body have been used and are the subject of a number of scientific pu

42、blications. These models use numerical 3D electromagnetic field computation codes and detailed models of the internal structure with specific electrical characteristics of each tissue within the body. However such models are still developing; the electrical conductivity data available at present has

43、 considerable shortcomings; and the spatial resolution of models is still progressing. Such models are therefore still considered to be in the field of scientific research and at present it is not considered that the results obtained from such models should be fixed indefinitely within standards. Ho

44、wever it is recognised that such models can and do make a useful contribution to the standardisation process, specially for product standards where particular cases of exposure are considered. When results from such models are used in standards, the results should be reviewed from time to time to en

45、sure they continue to reflect the current status of the science. 6 IEC 62226-3-1:2007+A1:2017BS EN 62226-3-1:2007+A1:2017EXPOSURE TO ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC FIELDS IN THE LOW AND INTERMEDIATE FREQUENCY RANGE METHODS FOR CALCULATING THE CURRENT DENSITY AND INTERNAL ELECTRIC FIELD INDUCED IN THE HUMAN BO

46、DY Part 3-1: Exposure to electric fields Analytical and 2D numerical models 1 Scope This part of IEC 62226 applies to the frequency range for which exposure limits are based on the induction of voltages or currents in the human body when exposed to electric fields. This part defines in detail the co

47、upling factor K introduced by the IEC 62226 series to enable exposure assessment for complex exposure situations, such as non-uniform magnetic field or perturbed electric field for the case of simple models of the human body, exposed to uniform electric fields. The coupling factor K has different ph

48、ysical interpretations depending on whether it relates to electric or magnetic field exposure. It is the so called “shape factor for electric field”. This part of IEC 62226 can be used when the electric field can be considered to be uniform, for frequencies up to at least 100 kHz. This situation of

49、exposure to a “uniform” electric field is mostly found in the vicinity of high voltage overhead power systems. For this reason, illustrations given in this part are given for power frequencies (50 Hz and 60 Hz). 2 Exposure to electric field Alternating electric fields are generated by energised conductors (i.e. under voltage). In the immediate vicinity of domestic electrical equipment, such as lights, switches, food