EN ISO 2307-2010 en Fibre ropes - Determination of certain physical and mechanical properties《纤维绳索 特定物理和机械性能的测定》.pdf

1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 2307:2010Fibre ropes Determination ofcertain physical and mechanicalproperties (ISO 2307:2010)BS EN ISO 2307:2010 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard

2、 is the UK implementation of EN ISO 2307:2010.It supersedes BS EN ISO 2307:2005 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee TCI/77, Ropes and cordage and fishing nets.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to

3、 its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2010ISBN 978 0 580 64421 4ICS 59.080.50Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard wa

4、s published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2010.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 2307 August 2010 ICS 59.080.50 Supersedes EN ISO 2307:2005English Version Fibre ropes - Deter

5、mination of certain physical and mechanical properties (ISO 2307:2010) Cordages en fibres - Dtermination de certaines caractristiques physiques et mcaniques (ISO 2307:2010)Faserseile - Bestimmung einiger physikalischer und mechanischer Eigenschaften (ISO 2307:2010) This European Standard was approve

6、d by CEN on 14 August 2010. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national st

7、andards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notifie

8、d to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembou

9、rg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2010 CEN All rights

10、of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 2307:2010: EBS EN ISO 2307:2010ISO 2307:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 35.2 Balance, allowing measurement of mass to an accuracy of 1 %. 6 Sampling 6.1 Sample size When specified by the pu

11、rchaser, a lot sample for acceptance testing shall be taken at random in accordance with 6.4. 6.2 Sample unit If required, test samples shall be taken from each shipping unit, in the lot in the number and the length required to perform the specified tests. The test samples shall be included in the d

12、elivered mass or length. As an alternative, the manufacturers production and inspection records may be used, if agreed upon between the purchaser and the manufacturer. 6.3 Composition of the batch to be sampled Samples shall be taken from a homogeneous batch, i.e. consisting of ropes of the same siz

13、e and same dimensions and which have been subject to the same series of manufacturing operations and the same control procedure. 6.4 Selection of samples Take the number NSof samples at random from the batch in accordance with Equation (1): S0,4NN= (1) where N is the batch size, expressed as the num

14、ber of 220 m coils. When the calculated value of NSis not a whole number, the number obtained shall be rounded to the nearest whole number. EXAMPLE 27,5 and 30,35 are rounded to 28 and 30, respectively. Where NS10 and u 20 wedge grip Man-made fibre ropes, reference number 20 bollard type 2 000a Natu

15、ral fibre ropes all types 2 000 aIf the lay length is greater than 360 mm, Lushall be increased to 5 lay lengths, if possible. 7.2 Number of test pieces Take one test piece from each sample. 7.3 Taking the test pieces Take the test piece either from one end of the samples, or from the body of the sa

16、mples if they are intended to be cut. Take all necessary steps to prevent unlaying. If necessary, remove slightly unlaid ends. 8 Conditioning Ropes shall be tested in the ambient atmosphere, except in cases of dispute, when the test piece shall be placed in the atmosphere specified in ISO 139 for at

17、 least 48 h, immediately prior to testing. 9 Procedure 9.1 General For the measurement of force-elongation and breaking force, perform the procedures specified in 9.2 to 9.7 sequentially. For the linear density, perform the procedures specified in 9.8. 9.2 Initial measurements Lay the test piece out

18、 straight on a flat surface by pressing with a slight force of the hand (not exceeding 20 % of the reference tension) (see Annex A). Make two “w” marks on the test piece, spaced symmetrically with regard to its mid-point, and at a distance apart of l0that is greater than 400 mm. In exceptional circu

19、mstances, when Lu24 but u 48 20 48 25 BS EN ISO 2307:2010ISO 2307:2010(E) 10 ISO 2010 All rights reserved12.2.3 Cutting the samples Detach the samples from the parent length by cutting cleanly across the rope with a sharp knife at right angles to its longitudinal axis at the seizings, so that a suit

20、ably seized sample is obtained. 12.2.4 Sealing To prevent absorption by capillary action, seal the ends off so that the whipping is just covered. A suitable sealing material is pitch with a small amount of tar added to prevent cracking. Any other suitable sealing material may be used. 12.3 Procedure

21、 12.3.1 First weighing Carefully weigh each specimen after whipping and sealing, and then place it in tap water at a temperature of (20 2) C, taking care that the specimen is fully submerged, if necessary by weighting down, to a depth of 150 mm. Do not add water after the specimens have been submerg

22、ed. In order to avoid the variations in mass due to atmospheric conditions, carry out the weighing immediately before immersion. Do not carry out the test until at least 24 h after the completion of manufacture of the rope. 12.3.2 Second weighing After a total immersion of 1 h, take the specimens ou

23、t of the water and, before weighing, dry them in the following manner. Shake each specimen six times to remove the superfluous water and then roll the sample on blotting paper until no wetting of the paper is observed. Finally, draw the specimens three times through an absorbent cloth, such as towel

24、ling. Then weigh the specimens and resubmerge in the water. 12.3.3 Third weighing After a further 5h immersion period (making a total of 6 h in all), dry the specimens as described in 12.3.4 and weigh them. 12.3.4 Drying the specimens Thoroughly dry each specimen by gentle heating, if necessary. Tak

25、e care that the sealing is not affected by the temperature, and that the temperature does not exceed 50 C. Dry the specimens to a mass slightly less than that obtained at the first weighing, so that, after exposure for at least 4 h to normal room atmospheric conditions, the specimens shall return as

26、 nearly as possible to their original mass. 12.3.5 Fourth, fifth and sixth weighing Repeat the procedure described in 12.3.1 to 12.3.4 using the same specimens. 12.4 Results of tests Record the gain in mass in each of the specimens as a percentage of the original mass (first and fourth weighing), fo

27、r the 1 h immersion (second and fifth weighing), and for the 6 h immersion (third and sixth weighing). BS EN ISO 2307:2010ISO 2307:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 1113 Determination of lubrication and finish content The determination of lubrication and finish content applies to ropes made from

28、natural fibres. 13.1 Reagents In this test, use reagents of laboratory reagent quality or equivalent. 13.2 Preparation of samples Unlay the rope into its component yarns. Select, at random, representative yarns from the unlaid rope. Form these into a hank weighing between 30 g and 50 g. 13.3 Determi

29、nation of water content 13.3.1 Weigh the hank prepared in 13.2 to the nearest 10 mg. Designate this mass as m1. 13.3.2 Distil the water contained in the sample after the addition of a suitable quantity of petroleum ether, and condense it in a graduated receiver. 13.3.3 Continue the distillation unti

30、l the condensate in the graduated receiver becomes constant. Measure the volume of water to the nearest 0,1 ml. Designate this volume as V. 13.4 Determination of lubrication and finish content 13.4.1 Transfer the hank of yarn into a Soxhlet apparatus, and reflux with petroleum ether (boiling range 6

31、0 C to 80 C) until the extraction medium flows off in a colourless form, or, if colourless impregnating agents are present, until a specimen taken from the extract evaporates without residue. 13.4.2 Remove the hank from the Soxhlet apparatus, and place it in an oven at a temperature of 120 C until a

32、ll the solvent has evaporated. Transfer the hank to a desiccator until it has cooled to room temperature. 13.4.3 Re-weigh the sample to the nearest 10 mg. Designate this mass as m2. 13.5 Calculation of lubrication and finish content 13.5.1 Calculate the percentage of lubrication or finish using Equa

33、tion (5): 121()100mVmLmV=(5) 13.5.2 Express the result to the nearest 1 %. 14 Determination of heat-setting on polyamide and polyester ropes To determine whether polyamide and polyester ropes have been thermofixed in accordance with 4.3.1 of ISO 9554:2010, when the production process is unknown, the

34、 following test shall be carried out by a competent person. Cut a sample from the rope with a length of more than 40 times the diameter. Hang the sample vertically. Open by hand the strands of the rope and the yarns of the strands over a length of 40 times the diameter. If the strands and the yarns

35、remain in a helical shape while hanging vertically, the rope is deemed to have been thermofixed. BS EN ISO 2307:2010ISO 2307:2010(E) 12 ISO 2010 All rights reservedAnnex A (normative) Reference tension to be applied to ropes when measuring linear density and lay length or braid pitch The reference t

36、ension, FT, expressed in kilonewtons, applied to the specimen shall be calculated from Equation (A.1): 2refT0,018nF = (A.1) where nrefis the reference number, expressed in millimetres. See Table A.1 for the calculated nominal values of the reference tension to be applied to the ropes and their toler

37、ance, as a function of the reference number of the rope. Table A.1 Reference tension to be applied to ropes when measuring linear density and lay or pitch length Reference tension to be applied to the ropes Reference tension to be applied to the ropes Reference number Nominal value kN Tolerance % Re

38、ference number Nominal value kN Tolerance % 4 0,020 44 2,42 4,5 0,025 48 2,88 6 0,045 52 3,38 8 0,080 56 3,92 9 0,101 60 4,50 10 0,125 64 5,12 12 0,180 72 6,48 14 0,245 80 8,00 16 0,320 88 9,68 18 0,405 96 11,5 20 0,500 104 13,5 22 0,605 112 15,7 24 0,720 120 18,0 26 0,845 128 20,5 28 0,980 136 23,1

39、 30 1,13 144 25,9 32 1,28 152 28,9 36 1,62 160 32,0 40 2,00 5 5 BS EN ISO 2307:2010ISO 2307:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 13Annex B (informative) Special procedure for determination of high breaking forces The factors quoted in Tables B.1 and B.2 relate to the materials and constructions as s

40、pecified. The method indicated below may be used to calculate the strength only of 3-, 4-, 8- and 12-strand ropes and double-braid construction ropes of reference W 44 and made of a single material and of yarns with the same linear density without lubrication, only by agreement between the parties i

41、nvolved, and only on condition that, before determining the breaking force of the yarns, the rope fulfils the specified conditions in all other respects. In order to obtain the rope yarns necessary for the test, untwist a sufficient length of rope, avoiding any rotation of the individual rope compon

42、ents (yarns, strands) above their own axes. In the case of 3- or 4-strand ropes, 15 yarns shall be tested, of which three shall be selected from the centre of the strands. In the case of 8-strand and 12-strand braided rope, eight yarns in the two directions of twist S and Z shall be tested (i.e. a t

43、otal of 16 yarns). In the case of double-braid ropes, 15 yarns from core and 15 yarns from cover shall be tested. The test speed shall be (250 50) mm/min, unless otherwise specified in a specific rope standard. The yarns selected shall be mounted in turn on the testing machine. During this process,

44、the necessary steps shall be taken to prevent the yarns untwisting before testing. The mean of the results thus obtained shall be used to determine the breaking force, Fc, or Fs, of the rope from which the yarns were taken, by applying Equation (B.1) or Equation (B.2) cy rF Fnf= for unspliced ropes

45、(B.1) sy r0,9FFnf= for spliced ropes (B.2) where Fyis the mean force of the yarns; n is the number of yarns in the rope; fris the realization factor (see Tables B.1 and B.2). BS EN ISO 2307:2010ISO 2307:2010(E) 14 ISO 2010 All rights reservedTable B.1 Realization factors Realization factors, fra, fo

46、r Reference number polyester polyamide polypropylene mixed polyolefin (polypropylene/high density polyethylene, PP/hdPE) manila (abaca), sisal or hemp Polyethylene(high density polyethylene, hdPE) 44 0,499 0,613 0,829 0,684 0,598 0,694 48 0,495 0,605 0,820 0,674 0,597 0,688 52 0,492 0,597 0,811 0,66

47、3 0,593 0,684 56 0,488 0,591 0,803 0,652 0,590 0,681 60 0,486 0,585 0,795 0,640 0,588 0,677 64 0,484 0,579 0,787 0,640 0,586 0,673 72 0,478 0,569 0,775 0,631 0,580 0,667 80 0,474 0,560 0,764 0,627 0,577 0,661 88 0,470 0,552 0,757 0,621 0,573 0,656 96 0,467 0,544 0,745 0,615 0,569 0,650 104 0,463 0,5

48、38 0,739 0,599 112 0,460 0,532 0,732 0,596 120 0,457 0,526 0,725 0,596 128 0,455 0,521 0,718 0,596 136 0,452 0,517 0,714 0,595 144 0,451 0,512 0,707 0,594 160 0,446 0,507 0,702 0,586 aThe realization factors apply for 3-, 8- and 12-strand ropes. The realization factors for 4-strand ropes are 10 % lo

49、wer.Table B.2 Realization factors for double-braid construction Realization factor, fr, for Reference number polyester polyamide 48 0,580 0,790 56 0,580 0,690 64 0,570 0,660 80 0,570 0,650 88 0,560 0,620 greater than 88 0,560 0,610 BS EN ISO 2307:2010ISO 2307:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 15Annex C (normative) Determination of the force-elongation coordinates on a “special” test piece If it is requested that this be determined, the following procedure shall be followed. The “special