1、BS EN ISO3449:2008ICS 53.100NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDEarth-movingmachinery Falling-object protectivestructures Laboratory testsand performancerequirements (ISO3449:2005)This British Standardwas published under theauthority of the Standards
2、Policy and StrategyCommittee on 31 January2009 BSI 2009ISBN 978 0 580 63420 8Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN ISO 3449:2008National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 3449:2008. Itis identical to ISO 3449:2005. It supersedes BS EN ISO 344
3、9:2005 whichis withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee B/513/1, Earth moving machinery (International).A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the n
4、ecessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 3449September 2008ICS 53.100 Supersedes EN ISO 3449:2005 English VersionEarth-movi
5、ng machinery - Falling-object protective structures -Laboratory tests and performance requirements (ISO3449:2005)Engins de terrassement - Structures de protection contreles chutes dobjets - Essais de laboratoire et critres deperformance (ISO 3449:2005)Erdbaumaschinen - Schutzaufbauten gegen herabfal
6、lendeGegenstnde - Prfungen und Anforderungen (ISO3449:2005)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 August 2008.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without
7、any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made
8、by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Ge
9、rmany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGMa
10、nagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 3449:2008: EBS EN ISO 3449:2008EN ISO 3449:2008 (E) 3 Foreword The text of ISO 3449:2005 has been prepared by Technical Com
11、mittee ISO/TC 127 “Earth-moving machinery” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 3449:2008 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 151 “Construction equipment and building material machines - Safety” the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European
12、 Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2009. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements
13、 of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 3449:2005. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European F
14、ree Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EC Directive(s). For relationship with EC Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
15、 countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia
16、, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 3449:2005 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 3449:2008 without any modification. BS EN ISO 3449:2008EN ISO 3449:2008 (E) 4 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Re
17、quirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means of conforming to Essential Requirements of the New Approach Directive Machinery 98/37/EC, amended by 98/79/E
18、C. Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Communities under that Directive and has been implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the normative clauses of this standard, except Clause 8 and Annex A, confers, within the limits of the
19、 scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with Essential Requirement 3.4.4 of that Directive and associated EFTA regulations. WARNING Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this standard. BS EN ISO 3449:2008EN ISO 3449:20
20、08 (E) 5 Annex ZB (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means of conform
21、ing to Essential Requirements of the New Approach Directive 2006/42/EC on machinery. Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Communities under that Directive and has been implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the normative clause
22、s of this standard, except Clause 8 and Annex A, confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with Essential Requirement 3.4.4 of that Directive and associated EFTA regulations. WARNING Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the produ
23、ct(s) falling within the scope of this standard. BS EN ISO 3449:2008ISO 3449:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 2 4 General. 2 5 Laboratory tests 4 6 Performance requirements 8 7 Labelling 9
24、 8 Reporting of test results 10 Annex A (normative) Typical test report 11 Bibliography . 13 BS EN ISO 3449:2008ISO 3449:2005(E) iv ISO 2005 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies)
25、. The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non
26、-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part
27、 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting
28、a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 3449 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 127, Earth-moving machinery, Subcommittee
29、 SC 2, Safety requirements and human factors. This fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition (ISO 3449:1992), which has been technically revised. BS EN ISO 3449:2008ISO 3449:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved vIntroduction This International Standard provides performance criteria for f
30、alling-object protective structures (FOPS). It recognizes that there are various classes and sizes of machines that operate in a variety of environmental conditions. It is intended to assure operators of reasonable protection from falling objects of different sizes and masses. Its laboratory tests a
31、re a means of evaluating the characteristics of the structures used to protect the operator from localized impact penetration and, indirectly, of the load-carrying capacity of the supporting structure to resist impact loading. This International Standard establishes a consistent, repeatable means of
32、 evaluating characteristics of FOPS under loading and prescribes performance requirements for these structures under such loading in a representative test. For similar tests on FOPS for excavators and excavator-based machines, see ISO 10262. BS EN ISO 3449:2008BS EN ISO 3449:2008INTERNATIONAL STANDA
33、RD ISO 3449:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved 1Earth-moving machinery Falling-object protective structures Laboratory tests and performance requirements 1 Scope This International Standard specifies laboratory tests for measuring the structural characteristics of, and gives performance requiremen
34、ts in a representative test for, falling-object protective structures (FOPS) intended for use on ride-on earth-moving machines as defined in ISO 6165. It is applicable to both FOPS supplied as an integral part of the machine and those supplied separately for attachment to the machine. It is not inte
35、nded to apply to FOPS intended for use on landfill compactors, excavators, rollers, trenchers, pipelayers, for the additional seat for operation of an attachment (e.g. attachment backhoe), or on machines with a power rating of less than 15 kW. NOTE This International Standard can be used to provide
36、guidance to the manufacturers of roll-over or falling-object protective structures should it be decided to provide such protection for these or other machines for a particular application. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this documen
37、t. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 148:1983, Steel Charpy impact test (V-notch)1)ISO 898-1:1999, Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel
38、 Part 1: Bolts, screws and studs ISO 898-2:1992, Mechanical properties of fasteners Part 2: Nuts with specified proof load values Coarse thread ISO 3164:1995, Earth-moving machinery Laboratory evaluations of protective structures Specifications for deflection-limiting volume ISO 3471:1994, Earth-mov
39、ing machinery Roll-over protective structures Laboratory tests and performance requirements ISO 6165:2), Earth-moving machinery Basic types Vocabulary 1) Under revision. 2) To be published. (Revision of ISO 6165:2001) BS EN ISO 3449:2008ISO 3449:2005(E) 2 ISO 2005 All rights reserved3 Terms and defi
40、nitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 falling-object protective structure FOPS system of structural members arranged in such a way as to provide operators with reasonable protection from falling objects (trees, rocks, small concrete blocks, hand to
41、ols, etc.) 3.2 roll-over protective structure ROPS system of structural members whose primary purpose is to reduce the possibility of a seat-belted operator being crushed should the machine roll-over NOTE Structural members include any subframe, bracket, mounting, socket, bolt, pin, suspension or fl
42、exible shock absorption used to secure the system to the machine frame, but exclude mounting provisions that are integral with the machine frame. 3.3 deflection-limiting volume DLV orthogonal approximation of a large male, seated operator wearing normal clothing and a hard hat NOTE See ISO 3164. 3.4
43、 level I impact protection impact strength for protection from small falling objects (e.g. bricks, small concrete blocks, hand tools) encountered in operations such as highway maintenance, landscaping and other construction site services 3.5 level II impact protection impact strength for protection
44、from heavy falling objects (e.g. trees, rocks) for machines involved in site clearing, overhead demolition or forestry 3.6 representative test test of a specimen whose material, dimensional and processing requirements are typical of production FOPS 4 General The FOPS may be integrated into the opera
45、tor cab structure. This test procedure is generally destructive of the FOPS assembly, as permanent deformation will occur to the structure, and might not reproduce structural deformations, owing to variation in the actual impact of the falling objects. Two levels of performance criteria are specifie
46、d for impact protection, based on the machine end use. a) Level I: protection against the impact of a round test object dropped from a height sufficient to develop an energy of 1 365 J. See Figures 1 a) and 2 a). b) Level II: protection against the impact of a cylindrical test object dropped from a
47、height sufficient to develop an energy of 11 600 J. See Figures 1 b) and 2 b). The drop height of the test object is defined as a function of its mass, as shown in Figure 1. NOTE Although FOPS meeting these criteria do not give crush protection under all the circumstances in which the machine could
48、be struck from above, it is expected that protection from penetration will be ensured under conditions a) and b). BS EN ISO 3449:2008ISO 3449:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved 3EXAMPLE 45 kg 9,807 m/s2 3,1 m 1 365 J a) Level I energy requirement curve EXAMPLE 227 kg 9,807 m/s2 5,22 m 11 600 J b)
49、Level II energy requirement curve Key h height, m m mass, kg Figure 1 Height and mass for test object with capability of developing energy requirements BS EN ISO 3449:2008ISO 3449:2005(E) 4 ISO 2005 All rights reserved5 Laboratory tests 5.1 Test apparatus 5.1.1 Test object, whose impact surface has properties to protect against deformation during testing, and which for level I testing, has a solid steel or ductile iron cylinder, as shown in Figure 2 a), a typical mass of 45 kg and a spherical contact sur
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