EN ISO 445-2013 en Pallets for materials handling - Vocabulary《搬运货物用平托盘 词汇表》.pdf

1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationPallets for materials handling VocabularyBS EN ISO 445:2013National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 445:2013. It supersedes BS EN ISO 445:2009 wh

2、ich is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical CommitteePKW/0, Packaging, to Panel PKW/0/-/11, Packaging Wood.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the nec

3、essary provisions of acontract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2013Published by BSI Standards Limited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 78993 9ICS 01.040.55; 55.180.20Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British S

4、tandard was published under the authority of the StandardsPolicy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2013.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN ISO 445:2013EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 445 February 2013 ICS 01.040.55; 55.180.20 S

5、upersedes EN ISO 445:2009English Version Pallets for materials handling - Vocabulary (ISO 445:2013) Palettes pour la manutention et le transport des marchandises - Vocabulaire (ISO 445:2013) Paletten fr die Handhabung von Gtern - Begriffe (ISO 445:2013) This European Standard was approved by CEN on

6、5 February 2013. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may

7、 be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified t

8、o the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,

9、 Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Av

10、enue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 445:2013: EBS EN ISO 445:2013EN ISO 445:2013 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword . 3 BS EN ISO 445:2013EN ISO 445:2013 (E) 3 Foreword This document (

11、EN ISO 445:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 51 “Pallets for unit load method of materials handling“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 261 “Packaging” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard

12、, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN

13、and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 445:2009. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Aust

14、ria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Swede

15、n, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 445:2013 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 445:2013 without any modification. BS EN ISO 445:2013ISO 445:2013(E/F) ISO 2013 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservs iiiContents Page 1 Scope 1 2 General . 1 3 Flat pallets

16、Scope . 5 4 Pallets with superstructureScope . 17 4.1 Post pallets . 17 4.2 Box pallets 19 4.3 Cage pallets 25 5 Pallet superstructures 28 6 Pallet components and features 30 6.1 Decks 30 6.2 Wings and lips . 32 6.3 Apertures (openings and entries) 35 6.4 Deckboards 37 6.5 Chamfers 39 6.6 Stringers/

17、bearers . 41 6.7 Blocks and block assemblies . 45 6.8 Stacking devices 49 6.9 Other components . 51 7 Pallet fittings 52 8 Mechanical fasteners 55 8.1 Nails 55 8.2 Other fasteners 57 9 Pallet usage . 60 10 Dimensions of pallets . 60 10.1 General . 61 10.2 Flat pallets 62 10.3 Pallets with superstruc

18、ture 63 Annex A (normative) Terms relating to unit load handling 64 A.1 General . 64 A.2 Stacking 64 A.3 Racking . 65 A.4 Load stabilization 67 Annex B (informative) Terms relating to slipsheets 69 Bibliography 72 Alphabetical index 74 French alphabetical index (Index alphabtique) . 76 BS EN ISO 445

19、:2013INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE ISO 445:2013(E/F) ISO 2013 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservs 1Pallets for materials handling Vocabulary Palettes pour la manutention et le transport des marchandises Vocabulaire 1 Scope 1 Domaine dapplication This International Standard defines t

20、erms relating to pallets for unit load methods of materials handling. It also includes informative annexes listing terms relating to unit load handling and slipsheets. La prsente Norme internationale dfinit les termes relatifs aux palettes destines la manutention et au transport de marchandises sous

21、 forme dunits de charge. Elle comprend galement des annexes informatives numrant les termes gnraux se rapportant la manutention et au transport de marchandises unitaires et aux feuilles intercalaires. 2 General 2 Gnralits2.1 pallet rigid horizontal platform of minimum height, compatible with handlin

22、g by pallet trucks and/or forklift trucks and other appropriate handling equipment, used as a base for assembling, loading, storing, handling, stacking, transporting, or displaying goods and loads See Figure 1. NOTE The pallet may be constructed with, or fitted with, a superstructure. 2.1 palette pl

23、ate-forme horizontale rigide, de hauteur minimale compatible avec la manutention au moyen de transpalettes et/ou de chariots lvateurs ou dautres quipements appropris, utilise comme support pour le rassemblement, le chargement, lentreposage, la manutention, le gerbage, le transport ou la prsentation

24、de marchandises et de charges Voir Figure 1. NOTE La palette peut tre construite avec une superstructure ou en tre quipe. BS EN ISO 445:2013ISO 445:2013(E/F) 2 ISO 2013 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservsFigure 1 Examples of pallets (continued) Figure 1 Exemples de palettes (suite) BS EN ISO 445:

25、2013ISO 445:2013(E/F) ISO 2013 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservs 3Figure 1 Examples of pallets Figure 1 Exemples de palettes 2.2 nominal load R lowest safe load value for the specified support conditions, independent of the type of load (excluding concentrated loads) NOTE 1 “Specified support c

26、onditions” refers to the range of conditions of use in 7.1 of ISO 8611-2:2011. NOTE 2 Nominal load does not represent an actual payload on a pallet in use. The nominal load is used for comparing the performance of different pallets. 2.2 charge nominale R charge admissible la plus faible pour les con

27、ditions dappui spcifies, indpendamment du type de charge ( lexclusion des charges concentres) NOTE 1 Les conditions dappui spcifies se rfrent la plage de conditions dutilisation de lISO 8611-2:2011, 7.1. NOTE 2 La charge nominale ne reprsente pas une charge utile relle sur une palette en cours dutil

28、isation. La charge nominale est utilise des fins de comparaison de performances de diffrentes palettes. 2.3 concentrated load load concentrated over an area of less than 50 % of the pallet top deck 2.3 charge concentre charge concentre sur une surface infrieure 50 % du plancher suprieur de la palett

29、e 2.4 uniformly distributed unbonded load load spread evenly across the full surface of the pallet top deck where the items are not interlocked,bound or connected 2.4 charge non unifie uniformment rpartie charge rpartie de manire gale sur toute la surface du plancher suprieur de la palette, les lmen

30、ts ntant ni imbriqus, ni colls, ni relis entre eux BS EN ISO 445:2013ISO 445:2013(E/F) 4 ISO 2013 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservs2.5 uniformly distributed bonded load load spread evenly across the full surface of the pallet top deck, where the pattern of each single layer changes, so that the

31、 packages are interlockedSee Figure 2. NOTE Sacks are an example of a bonded load. 2.5 charge unifie uniformment rpartie charge rpartie de manire gale sur toute la surface du plancher suprieur de la palette, la disposition de chaque couche variant pour permettre aux paquets de simbriquer Voir Figure

32、 2. NOTE Les sacs sont un exemple de charge adhrente. Figure 2 Uniformly distributed bonded load Figure 2 Charge unifie uniformment rpartie 2.6 solid load single, compact, rigid, homogeneous load, supported by all the blocks and/or stringers(bearers) of the pallet 2.6 charge solide charge homogne, r

33、igide, compacte et unique, supporte par tous les ds et/ou chevrons de la palette 2.7 maximum working load greatest payload that a pallet may be permitted to carry in a specific loading and support condition NOTE This will vary according to the type, distribution, arrangement and means of stabilizati

34、on of the load and the system of support. It may be above or below the nominal load (see ISO 8611-2 1). 2.7 charge maximale en service charge utile la plus importante quune palette puisse tre autorise transporter dans des conditions spcifiques de chargement et dappui NOTE Elle varie en fonction du t

35、ype, de la rpartition, de la disposition et des moyens de stabilisation de la charge et du systme de support. Elle peut tre suprieure ou infrieure la charge nominale (voir lISO 8611-2 1). 2.8 payload Q load carried by the pallet in use NOTE This can be above, identical with or below the nominal load

36、 (see ISO 8611-2 1). 2.8 charge utile Q charge supporte par la palette utilise NOTE Elle peut tre suprieure, identique ou infrieure la charge nominale (voir lISO 8611-2 1). BS EN ISO 445:2013ISO 445:2013(E/F) ISO 2013 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservs 52.9 safety factor ratio of the ultimate lo

37、ad to the nominal load 2.9 facteur de scurit rapport entre la charge limite et la charge nominale 2.10 stiffness relative deformation of a pallet or component under load NOTE High stiffness means small displacement, deflection or deformation for a given load. 2.10 rigidit dformation relative dune pa

38、lette ou dun lment sous charge NOTE Une grande rigidit correspond pour une charge donne un dplacement, un flchissement ou une dformation de petite amplitude. 2.11 test load P load applicators, the load board or load box and the applied load itself 2.11 charge dessai P cales de transmission de charge

39、, plaque de diffusion de charge ou caisse de chargement et charge applique proprement dite 2.12 ultimate load U load at which compression, displacement or deflection is no longer contained, resulting in the destruction of the specimen or breaking of one component, or when displacement, deformation o

40、r deflection becomes excessive 2.12 charge limite U charge pour laquelle la compression, le dplacement ou le flchissement ne sont plus matriss, ce qui entrane la destruction de lchantillon ou la rupture dun lment, ou charge pour laquelle le dplacement, la dformation ou le flchissement deviennent exc

41、essifs 2.13 failure condition in which the pallet, at a particular load, exceeds the deflection limits or breakage of a component occurs 2.13 rupture condition dans laquelle la pallette lors dune charge particulire dpasse les limites de flexion ou lorsque la rupture dun composant se produit 3 Flat p

42、allets 3 Palettes plates 3.1 flat pallet pallet with a top deck without a raised superstructure 3.1 palette plate palette avec un plancher suprieur sans aucune superstructure dpassant au-dessus du plancher 3.2 single-deck pallet flat pallet where the lower bearing surface area is less than the perce

43、ntage specified in ISO 67808See Figure 3. 3.2 palette un seul plancher palette plate dont la surface portante minimale est infrieure au pourcentage spcifi dans lISO 67808Voir Figure 3. BS EN ISO 445:2013ISO 445:2013(E/F) 6 ISO 2013 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservsFigure 3 Single-deck pallets F

44、igure 3 Palettes un seul plancher 3.3 stillage platform with two uprights or four feet and with free entry See Figure 4. NOTE Stillages cannot be handled by pallet trucks conforming to ISO 5092. 3.3 palette haute plate-forme comportant deux montants verticaux ou quatre pieds et ayant une entre libre

45、 Voir Figure 4. NOTE La manutention des palettes hautes ne peut se faire laide des transpalettes conformes lISO 5092. Figure 4 Stillages Figure 4 Palettes hautes BS EN ISO 445:2013ISO 445:2013(E/F) ISO 2013 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservs 73.4 double-deck pallet flat pallet with a top deck an

46、d a bottom deck See Figure 5. 3.4 palette double plancher palette plate comportant un plancher suprieur et un plancher infrieur Voir Figure 5. Figure 5 Double-deck pallets (continued) Figure 5 Palettes double plancher (suite) BS EN ISO 445:2013ISO 445:2013(E/F) 8 ISO 2013 All rights reserved/Tous dr

47、oits rservsFigure 5 Double-deck pallets Figure 5 Palettes double plancher 3.5 reversible pallet double-deck pallet with top and bottom decks, either of which can take the same payload See Figure 6. 3.5 palette rversible palette double plancher, comportant un plancher suprieur et un plancher infrieur

48、, pouvant recevoir indiffremment la mme charge utile Voir Figure 6. Figure 6 Reversible pallets Figure 6 Palettes rversibles BS EN ISO 445:2013ISO 445:2013(E/F) ISO 2013 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservs 93.6 non-reversible pallet double-deck pallet with one load-carrying surface See Figure 7. 3.6 palette non rversible palette double plancher dont un seul plancher peut recevoir la charge Voir Figure 7. Figure 7 Non-reversible pallets Figure 7 Palettes non rversibles 3.7 two-way pallet two-way entry pallet flat pallet permitting the entry of the fork arm