EN ISO 527-1-2012 en Plastics - Determination of tensile properties - Part 1 General principles《塑料 拉伸性能测定 第1部分 总则》.pdf

1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 527-1:2012Plastics Determination oftensile propertiesPart 1: General principlesBS EN ISO 527-1:2012 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK imp

2、lementation of . It supersedes BSEN ISO 527-1:1996 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PRI/21, Testing of plastics.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not pur

3、port to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2012. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2012ISBN 978 0 580 70622 6ICS 83.080.01Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligation

4、s.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 March 2012.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 527-1 February 2012 ICS 83.080.01 Supersedes EN ISO 527-1:1996English

5、 Version Plastics - Determination of tensile properties - Part 1: General principles (ISO 527-1:2012) Plastiques - Dtermination des proprits en traction - Partie 1: Principes gnraux (ISO 527-1:2012) Kunststoffe - Bestimmung der Zugeigenschaften - Teil 1: Allgemeine Grundstze (ISO 527-1:2012) This Eu

6、ropean Standard was approved by CEN on 14 February 2012. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical reference

7、s concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN mem

8、ber into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland

9、, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: A

10、venue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 527-1:2012: EBS EN ISO 527-1:2012EN ISO 527-1:2012 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 527-1:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee

11、ISO/TC 61 “Plastics“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics” the secretariat of which is held by NBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2012, and confl

12、icting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This docume

13、nt supersedes EN ISO 527-1:1996. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,

14、Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 527-1:2012 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 527-1:2012

15、 without any modification. BS EN ISO 527-1:2012ISO 527-1:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword iv1 Scope 12 Normative references . 13 Terms and definitions . 24 Principle and methods . 54.1 Principle . 54.2 Method 65 Apparatus 65.1 Testing machine . 65.2 Devices for measuring

16、 width and thickness of the test specimens 96 Test specimens 96.1 Shape and dimensions 96.2 Preparation of specimens . 96.3 Gauge marks .106.4 Checking the test specimens .106.5 Anisotropy .107 Number of test specimens 108 Conditioning . 119 Procedure 119.1 Test atmosphere 119.2 Dimensions of test s

17、pecimen . 119.3 Gripping . 119.4 Prestresses .129.5 Setting of extensometers 129.6 Test speed .129.7 Recording of data 1310 Calculation and expression of results .1310.1 Stress 1310.2 Strain .1310.3 Tensile modulus .1410.4 Poissons ratio .1510.5 Statistical parameters 1610.6 Significant figures .161

18、1 Precision 1612 Test report .16Annex A (informative) Determination of strain at yield.18Annex B (informative) Extensometer accuracy for the determination of Poissons ratio 20Annex C (normative) Calibration requirements for the determination of the tensile modulus .21Bibliography .23BS EN ISO 527-1:

19、2012ISO 527-1:2012(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a s

20、ubject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission

21、(IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical commit

22、tees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be

23、held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.ISO 527-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 2, Mechanical properties.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 527-1:1993), which has been technically revised. It incorporates

24、ISO 527-1:1993/Cor 1:1994 and ISO 527-1:1993/Amd 1:2005. The main changes are as follows. A method for the determination of Poissons ratio has been introduced. It is similar to the one used in ASTM D638, but in order to overcome difficulties with precision of the determination of the lateral contrac

25、tion at small values of the longitudinal strain, the strain interval is extended far beyond the strain region for the modulus determination. Definitions and methods have been optimized for computer controlled tensile test machines. The preferred gauge length for use on the multipurpose test specimen

26、 has been increased from 50 mm to 75 mm. This is used especially in ISO 527-2. Nominal strain and especially nominal strain at break will be determined relative to the gripping distance. Nominal strain in general will be calculated as crosshead displacement from the beginning of the test, relative t

27、o the gripping distance, or as the preferred method if multipurpose test specimens are used, where strains up to the yield point are determined using an extensometer, as the sum of yield strain and nominal strain increment after the yield point, the latter also relative to the gripping distance.ISO

28、527 consists of the following parts, under the general title Plastics Determination of tensile properties: Part 1: General principles Part 2 :Test conditions for moulding and extrusion plastics Part 3: Test conditions for films and sheets Part 4: Test conditions for isotropic and orthotropic fibre-r

29、einforced plastic composites Part 5: Test conditions for unidirectional fibre-reinforced plastic compositesiv ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 527-1:2012INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 527-1:2012(E)Plastics Determination of tensile properties Part 1: General principles1 Scope1.1 This part of ISO 527

30、 specifies the general principles for determining the tensile properties of plastics and plastic composites under defined conditions. Several different types of test specimen are defined to suit different types of material which are detailed in subsequent parts of ISO 527.1.2 The methods are used to

31、 investigate the tensile behaviour of the test specimens and for determining the tensile strength, tensile modulus and other aspects of the tensile stress/strain relationship under the conditions defined.1.3 The methods are selectively suitable for use with the following materials: rigid and semi-ri

32、gid (see 3.12 and 3.13, respectively) moulding, extrusion and cast thermoplastic materials, including filled and reinforced compounds in addition to unfilled types; rigid and semi-rigid thermoplastics sheets and films; rigid and semi-rigid thermosetting moulding materials, including filled and reinf

33、orced compounds; rigid and semi-rigid thermosetting sheets, including laminates; fibre-reinforced thermosets and thermoplastic composites incorporating unidirectional or non-unidirectional reinforcements, such as mat, woven fabrics, woven rovings, chopped strands, combination and hybrid reinforcemen

34、t, rovings and milled fibres; sheet made from pre-impregnated materials (prepregs), thermotropic liquid crystal polymers.The methods are not normally suitable for use with rigid cellular materials, for which ISO 1926 is used, or for sandwich structures containing cellular materials.2 Normative refer

35、encesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 291, Plastics Standard atmospheres for co

36、nditioning and testingISO 2602, Statistical interpretation of test results Estimation of the mean Confidence intervalISO 7500-1:2004, Metallic materials Verification of static uniaxial testing machines Part 1: Tension/compression testing machines Verification and calibration of the force-measuring s

37、ystemISO 9513:1999, Metallic materials Calibration of extensometers used in uniaxial testingISO 16012, Plastics Determination of linear dimensions of test specimensISO 20753, Plastics Test specimensISO 23529, Rubber General procedures for preparing and conditioning test pieces for physical test meth

38、ods ISO 2012 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 527-1:2012ISO 527-1:2012(E)3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1gauge lengthL0initial distance between the gauge marks on the central part of the test specimenNOTE 1 It is expressed in milli

39、metres (mm).NOTE 2 The values of the gauge length that are indicated for the specimen types in the different parts of ISO 527 represent the relevant maximum gauge length.3.2thicknesshsmaller initial dimension of the rectangular cross-section in the central part of a test specimenNOTE It is expressed

40、 in millimetres (mm).3.3widthblarger initial dimension of the rectangular cross-section in the central part of a test specimenNOTE It is expressed in millimetres (mm).3.4cross-sectionAproduct of initial width and thickness, A = bh, of a test specimen.NOTE It is expressed in square millimetres, (mm2)

41、3.5test speedvrate of separation of the gripping jawsNOTE It is expressed in millimetres per minute (mm/min).3.6stressnormal force per unit area of the original cross-section within the gauge lengthNOTE 1 It is expressed in megapascals (MPa)NOTE 2 In order to differentiate from the true stress relat

42、ed to the actual cross-section of the specimen, this stress is frequently called “engineering stress”3.6.1stress at yieldystress at the yield strainNOTE 1 It is expressed in megapascals (MPa).NOTE 2 It may be less than the maximum attainable stress (see Figure 1, curves b and c)2 ISO 2012 All rights

43、 reservedBS EN ISO 527-1:2012ISO 527-1:2012(E)3.6.2strengthmstress at the first local maximum observed during a tensile testNOTE 1 It is expressed in megapascals (MPa).NOTE 2 This may also be the stress at which the specimen yields or breaks (see Figure 1).3.6.3stress at x % strainxstress at which t

44、he strain reaches the specified value x expressed as a percentageNOTE 1 It is expressed in megapascals (MPa).NOTE 2 Stress at x % strain may, for example, be useful if the stress/strain curve does not exhibit a yield point (see Figure 1, curve d).3.6.4stress at breakbstress at which the specimen bre

45、aksNOTE 1 It is expressed in megapascals (MPa).NOTE 2 It is the highest value of stress on the stress-strain curve directly prior to the separation of the specimen, i.e directly prior to the load drop caused by crack initiation.3.7strainincrease in length per unit original length of the gauge.NOTE I

46、t is expressed as a dimensionless ratio, or as a percentage (%).3.7.1strain at yieldyield strainythe first occurrence in a tensile test of strain increase without a stress increaseNOTE 1 It is expressed as a dimensionless ratio, or as a percentage (%).NOTE 2 See Figure 1, curves b and c.NOTE 3 See A

47、nnex A (informative) for computer-controlled determination of the yield strain.3.7.2strain at breakbstrain at the last recorded data point before the stress is reduced to less than or equal to 10 % of the strength if the break occurs prior to yieldingNOTE 1 It is expressed as a dimensionless ratio,

48、or as a percentage (%).NOTE 2 See Figure 1, curves a and d.3.7.3strain at strengthmstrain at which the strength is reachedNOTE It is expressed as a dimensionless ratio, or as a percentage (%). ISO 2012 All rights reserved 3BS EN ISO 527-1:2012ISO 527-1:2012(E)3.8nominal straintcrosshead displacement

49、 divided by the gripping distanceNOTE 1 It is expressed as a dimensionless ratio, or as a percentage (%).NOTE 2 It is used for strains beyond the yield strain (see 3.7.1) or where no extensometers are used.NOTE 3 It may be calculated based on the crosshead displacement from the beginning of the test, or based on the increment of crosshead displacement beyond the strain at yield, if the latter is determined with an extensometer (preferred for multipurpose test specimens).3.8.1nominal strain at breaktbnomi