EN ISO 7393-1-2000 en Water Quality - Determination of Free Chlorine and Total Chlorine - Part 1 Titrimetric Method Using N N-Diethyl-1 4-Phenylenediamine《水质 游离氯和总氯的测定 第1部分 使用N N-二.pdf

1、%5,7,6+67$1$5 %6(1,62 %6 ,QFRUSRUDWLQJ$PHQGPHQW 1RWR %6 UHQXPEHUVWKH%6DV %6(1,62 :DWHUTXDOLW HWHUPLQDWLRQRIIUHH FKORULQHDQGWRWDO FKORULQH 3DUW7LWULPHWULFPHWKRGXVLQJ 11GLHWKOSKHQOHQHGLDPLQH 7KH(XURSHDQ6WDQGDUG(1,62KDVWKHVWDWXV RID%ULWLVK6WDQGDUG ,&6%6(1,62 7KLV%ULWLVK6WDQGDUGKDYLQJ EHHQSUHSDUHGXQGHUW

2、KH GLUHFWLRQRIWKH(QYLURQPHQW DQG3ROOXWLRQ6WDQGDUGV &RPPLWWHHZDVSXEOLVKHG XQGHUWKHDXWKRULWRIWKH %RDUGRI%6,DQGFRPHV LQWRHIIHFWRQ 1RYHPEHU %6, 7KHIROORZLQJ%6,UHIHUHQFHV UHODWHWRWKHZRUNRQWKLV VWDQGDUG &RPPLWWHHUHIHUHQFH(3& UDIWIRUFRPPHQW& ,6%1 1DWLRQDOIRUHZRUG 7KLV%ULWLVK6WDQGDUGLVWKH(QJOLVKODQJXDJHYHUV

3、LRQRI(1,62,WLVLGHQWLFDOWR ,62 7KH8.SDUWLFLSDWLRQLQLWVSUHSDUDWLRQZDVHQWUXVWHGE7HFKQLFDO&RPPLWWHH(+:DWHU TXDOLWWR6XEFRPPLWWHH(+3KVLFDO&KHPLFDODQG%LRFKHPLFDOZKLFKKDVWKH UHVSRQVLELOLWWR $OLVWRIRUJDQLDWLRQVUHSUHVHQWHGRQWKLVVXEFRPPLWWHHFDQEHREWDLQHGRQUHTXHVWWRLWV VHFUHWDU %6(1,62LVRQHRIDVHULHVRIVWDQGDUGVR

4、QZDWHUTXDOLWRWKHUVRIZKLFKKDYHEHHQRU ZLOOEHSXEOLVKHGDVVHFWLRQVRI%67KLVVWDQGDUGKDVWKHUHIRUHEHHQJLYHQWKHVHFRQGDU LGHQWLILHU%67KHYDULRXVVHFWLRQVRI%6DUHFRPSULVHGZLWKLQSDUWVWRZKLFK WRJHWKHUZLWKSDUWDUHOLVWHGEHORZ 3DUW ,QWURGXFWLRQ 3DUW *ORVVDU 3DUW3KVLFDOFKHPLFDODQGELRFKHPLFDOPHWKRGV 3DUW 5DGLRORJLFDOPHWKR

5、GV 3DUW 0LFURELRORJLFDOPHWKRGV 3DUW %LRORJLFDOPHWKRGV 3DUW 6DPSOLQJ 3DUW3UHFLVLRQDQGDFFXUDF 7KH%ULWLVK6WDQGDUGVZKLFKLPSOHPHQWLQWHUQDWLRQDORU(XURSHDQSXEOLFDWLRQVUHIHUUHGWRLQWKLV GRFXPHQWPDEHIRXQGLQWKH%6,6WDQGDUGV&DWDORJXHXQGHUWKHVHFWLRQHQWLWOHG,QWHUQDWLRQDO 6WDQGDUGV&RUUHVSRQGHQFH,QGHRUEXVLQJWKH)LQGI

6、DFLOLWRIWKH%6,6WDQGDUGV(OHFWURQLF &DWDORJXH 7KHPHWKRGUHIHUUHGWRLQ IRUWKHGLVSRVDORIVROXWLRQVFRQWDLQLQJPHUFXUJLYHQLQ,62 LVWHFKQLFDOOHTXLYDOHQWWRWKDWJLYHQLQWKHQDWLRQDODSSHQGL%6 0HWKRGVRIVDPSOLQJ DQGWHVWIRUVRGLXPFDUERQDWHIRULQGXVWULDOXVH3DUWHWHUPLQDWLRQRIFKORULGHFRQWHQW 7HWXDOHUURU :KHQDGRSWLQJWKHWHWRIW

7、KHLQWHUQDWLRQDOVWDQGDUGWKHIROORZLQJWHWXUDOHUURU ZDVGLVFRYHUHG,WKDVEHHQPDUNHGLQWKHWHWDQGKDVEHHQUHSRUWHGWR,62LQDSURSRVDOWRDPHQG WKHWHWRIWKHLQWHUQDWLRQDOVWDQGDUG ,Q WKHHTXDWLRQVKRXOGEHUHDGDV $%ULWLVK6WDQGDUGGRHVQRWSXUSRUWWRLQFOXGHDOOWKHQHFHVVDUSURYLVLRQVRIDFRQWUDFW8VHUVRI %ULWLVK6WDQGDUGVDUHUHVSRQVLEOH

8、IRUWKHLUFRUUHFWDSSOLFDWLRQ &RPSOLDQFHZLWKD%ULWLVK6WDQGDUGGRHVQRWRILWVHOIFRQIHULPPXQLWIURPOHJDO REOLJDWLRQV 6XPPDURISDJHV 7KLVGRFXPHQWFRPSULVHVDIURQWFRYHUDQLQVLGHIURQWFRYHUSDJHVLDQGLLWKH(1,62WLWOHSDJH WKH(1,62IRUHZRUGSDJHSDJHVWRDQLQVLGHEDFNFRYHUDQGDEDFNFRYHU 7KH%6,FRSULJKWQRWLFHGLVSODHGLQWKLVGRFXPHQW

9、LQGLFDWHVZKHQWKHGRFXPHQWZDVODVWLVVXHG DLGHQTXLUHUVWRXQGHUVWDQGWKHWHW SUHVHQWWRWKHUHVSRQVLEOHLQWHUQDWLRQDOFRPPLWWHHDQHQTXLULHVRQLQWHUSUHWDWLRQRU SURSRVDOVIRUFKDQJHDQGNHHS8.LQWHUHVWVLQIRUPHG PRQLWRUUHODWHGLQWHUQDWLRQDODQG(XURSHDQGHYHORSPHQWVDQGSURPXOJDWHWKHPLQ WKH8. c 1 V2 c 22V 1 = $PHQGPHQWVLVVXHGVL

10、QFHSXEOLFDWLRQ $PG1R DWHRILVVXH &RPPHQWV 0D 5HQXPEHUV%6DV %6(1,62 %6(1,62 %6, L &RQWHQWV 3DJH 1DWLRQDOIRUHZRUG ,QVLGHIURQWFRYHU ,QWURGXFWLRQ 6FRSHDQGILHOGRIDSSOLFDWLRQ HILQLWLRQV 3ULQFLSOH 5HDJHQWV $SSDUDWXV 3URFHGXUH &RUUHFWLRQRILQWHUIHUHQFHGXHWRWKHSUHVHQFHRIRLGLHGPDQJDQHVH (SUHVVLRQRIUHVXOWV ,QWHU

11、IHUHQFHV 7HVWUHSRUW $QQH$6HSDUDWHGHWHUPLQDWLRQVRIFRPELQHGFKORULQHRIWKH PRQRFKORUDPLQHWSHFRPELQHGFKORULQHRIWKHGLFKORUDPLQH WSHDQGRIFRPELQHGFKORULQHLQWKHIRUPRIQLWURJHQWULFKORULGH $QQH%3UHSDUDWLRQRIZDWHUIUHHIURPRLGLLQJDQGUHGXFLQJ VXEVWDQFHV %LEOLRJUDSK 7DEOH7HUPVDQGVQRQPVLQUHODWLRQWRDFWXDOFRPSRXQGVLQ W

12、KHVROXWLRQ 7DEOH$QDOWLFDOSDUDPHWHUVIURPLQWHUODERUDWRUDQDOVLVIRU IUHHUHVLGXDOFKORULQH LL EODQN(8523($167$1$5 1250(8523e(11( (8523b,6&+(1250 (1,62 -DQXDU ,&6 (QJOLVKYHUVLRQ :DWHUTXDOLWHWHUPLQDWLRQRIIUHHFKORULQHDQGWRWDO FKORULQH3DUW7LWULPHWULFPHWKRGXVLQJ 11GLHWKOSKHQOHQHGLDPLQH ,62 4XDOLWpGHO“HDXRVDJHG

13、XFKORUH OLEUHHWGXFKORUHWRWDO 3DUWLH0pWKRGHWLWULPpWULTXHjOD 11GLpWKOSKpQOqQHGLDPLQH ,62 :DVVHUEHVFKDIIHQKHLW%HVWLPPXQJYRQ IUHLHP&KORUXQG*HVDPWFKORU 7HLO7LWULPHWULVFKHV9HUIDKUHQPLW 11LHWKO3KHQOHQGLDP ,62 7KLV(XURSHDQ6WDQGDUGZDVDSSURYHGE&(1RQ-DQXDU &(1 PHPEHUV DUH ERXQG WR FRPSO ZLWK WKH &(1&(1(/(& ,QW

14、HUQDO 5HJXODWLRQVZKLFKVWLSXODWHWKHFRQGLWLRQVIRUJLYLQJWKLV(XURSHDQ6WDQGDUG WKHVWDWXVRIDQDWLRQDOVWDQGDUGZLWKRXWDQDOWHUDWLRQ8SWRGDWHOLVWVDQG ELEOLRJUDSKLFDOUHIHUHQFHVFRQFHUQLQJVXFKQDWLRQDOVWDQGDUGVPDEHREWDLQHG RQDSSOLFDWLRQWRWKH&HQWUDO6HFUHWDULDWRUWRDQ&(1PHPEHU 7KLV(XURSHDQ6WDQGDUGHLVWVLQWKUHHRIILFLDOY

15、HUVLRQV(QJOLVK)UHQFK *HUPDQ$YHUVLRQLQDQRWKHUODQJXDJHPDGHEWUDQVODWLRQXQGHUWKH UHVSRQVLELOLWRID&(1PHPEHULQWRLWVRZQODQJXDJHDQGQRWLILHGWRWKH &HQWUDO6HFUHWDULDWKDVWKHVDPHVWDWXVDVWKHRIILFLDOYHUVLRQV &(1PHPEHUVDUHWKHQDWLRQDOVWDQGDUGVRI$XVWULD%HOJLXP&HFK5HSXEOLF HQPDUN )LQODQG )UDQFH *HUPDQ *UHHFH ,FHODQG ,

16、UHODQG ,WDO /XHPERXUJ1HWKHUODQGV1RUZD3RUWXJDO6SDLQ6ZHGHQ6ZLWHUODQGDQG 8QLWHG.LQJGRP &(1 (XURSHDQ&RPPLWWHHIRU6WDQGDUGLDWLRQ &RPLWp(XURSpHQGH1RUPDOLVDWLRQ (XURSlLVFKHV.RPLWHHIU1RUPXQJ &HQWUDO6HFUHWDULDWUXHGH6WDVVDUW%UXVVHOV &(1$OOULJKWVRIHSORLWDWLRQLQDQIRUPDQGEDQPHDQVUHVHUYHGZRUOGZLGHIRU &(1QDWLRQDO0H

17、PEHUV 5HI1R(1,62(1,62 %6, )RUHZRUGWR(1,62 7KHWHWRIWKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO6WDQGDUGIURP 7HFKQLFDO&RPPLWWHH,627&:DWHUTXDOLWRI WKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO2UJDQLDWLRQIRU6WDQGDUGLDWLRQ ,62KDVEHHQWDNHQRYHUDVD(XURSHDQ6WDQGDUG E7HFKQLFDO&RPPLWWHH&(17&:DWHU DQDOVLVWKH6HFUHWDULDWRIZKLFKLVKHOGE,1 7KLV(XURSHDQ6WDQGDUGVKDOOEHJLYHQ

18、WKHVWDWXVRI DQDWLRQDOVWDQGDUGHLWKHUESXEOLFDWLRQRIDQ LGHQWLFDOWHWRUEHQGRUVHPHQWDWWKHODWHVWE -XODQGFRQIOLFWLQJQDWLRQDOVWDQGDUGVVKDOO EHZLWKGUDZQDWWKHODWHVWE-XO $FFRUGLQJWRWKH&(1&(1(/(&,QWHUQDO 5HJXODWLRQVWKHQDWLRQDOVWDQGDUGVRUJDQLDWLRQV RIWKHIROORZLQJFRXQWULHVDUHERXQGWRLPSOHPHQW WKLV(XURSHDQ6WDQGDUG$X

19、VWULD%HOJLXP&HFK 5HSXEOLFHQPDUN)LQODQG)UDQFH*HUPDQ *UHHFH,FHODQG,UHODQG,WDO/XHPERXUJ 1HWKHUODQGV1RUZD3RUWXJDO6SDLQ6ZLWHUODQG DQGWKH8QLWHG.LQJGRP(1,62 %6, ,QWURGXFWLRQ ,62FRQVLVWVRIWKHIROORZLQJSDUWV 3DUW7LWULPHWULFPHWKRGXVLQJ 11GLHWKOSKHQOHQHGLDPLQH 3DUW&RORULPHWULFPHWKRGXVLQJ 11GLHWKOSKHQOHQHGLDPLQH

20、IRUURXWLQH FRQWUROSXUSRVHV 3DUW,RGRPHWULFWLWUDWLRQPHWKRGIRUWKH GHWHUPLQDWLRQRIWRWDOFKORULQH 6FRSHDQGILHOGRIDSSOLFDWLRQ 7KLVSDUWRI,62VSHFLILHVDWLWULPHWULFPHWKRG IRUWKHGHWHUPLQDWLRQRIIUHHFKORULQHDQGWRWDO FKORULQHLQZDWHU 6HDZDWHUDQGZDWHUVFRQWDLQLQJEURPLGHVDQG LRGLGHVFRPSULVHDJURXSIRUZKLFKVSHFLDO SURFHG

21、XUHVDUHUHTXLUHG 7KHPHWKRGLVDSSOLFDEOHWRFRQFHQWUDWLRQVLQWHUPV RIFKORULQH&O IURP WRPPROOWRPJOWRWDOFKORULQHDQGDW KLJKHUFRQFHQWUDWLRQVEGLOXWLRQRIVDPSOHV)RU FRQFHQWUDWLRQVDERYHPPROO,62FDQ DOVREHXVHG ,Q$QQH$DSURFHGXUHLVSUHVHQWHGIRUWKH GLIIHUHQWLDWLRQRIFRPELQHGFKORULQHRIWKH PRQRFKORUDPLQHWSHFRPELQHGFKORULQ

22、HRIWKH GLFKORUDPLQHWSHDQGFRPELQHGFKORULQHLQWKH IRUPRIQLWURJHQWULFKORULGH 6HYHUDOFRPSRXQGVLQIOXHQFHWKHGHWHUPLQDWLRQ VSHFLILHGLQWKLVSDUWRI,62,QWHUIHUHQFHVDUH QRWHGLQFODXVHV DQG HILQLWLRQV VHH7DEOH )RUWKHSXUSRVHRIWKLVSDUWRI,62WKH IROORZLQJGHILQLWLRQVDSSO IUHHFKORULQH FKORULQHSUHVHQWLQWKHIRUPRIKSRFKORUR

23、XVDFLG KSRFKORULWHLRQRUGLVVROYHGHOHPHQWDOFKORULQH FRPELQHGFKORULQH WKHIUDFWLRQRIWRWDOFKORULQHSUHVHQWLQWKHIRUPRI FKORUDPLQHVDQGRUJDQLFFKORUDPLQHV WRWDOFKORULQH FKORULQHSUHVHQWLQWKHIRUPRIIUHHFKORULQHRU FRPELQHGFKORULQHRUERWK FKORUDPLQHV GHULYDWLYHVRIDPPRQLDEVXEVWLWXWLRQRIRQHWZR RUWKUHHKGURJHQDWRPVZLWK

24、FKORULQHDWRPV PRQRFKORUDPLQH1+ &OGLFKORUDPLQH1+&O QLWURJHQWULFKORULGH1&O DQGDOOFKORULQDWHG GHULYDWLYHVRIRUJDQLFQLWURJHQFRPSRXQGVDV GHWHUPLQHGEWKHPHWKRGVSHFLILHGLQWKLVSDUWRI ,62 3ULQFLSOH HWHUPLQDWLRQRIIUHHFKORULQH LUHFWUHDFWLRQZLWKWKH 11GLHWKOSKHQOHQHGLDPLQH3DQG IRUPDWLRQRIDUHGFRPSRXQGDWS+WR 7LWUDWL

25、RQEPHDQVRIDVWDQGDUGVROXWLRQRI DPPRQLXPLURQ,VXOIDWHWRWKHGLVDSSHDUDQFHRI WKHUHGFRORXU HWHUPLQDWLRQRIWRWDOFKORULQH 5HDFWLRQZLWK3LQWKHSUHVHQFHRIDQHFHVVRI SRWDVVLXPLRGLGHWKHQWLWUDWLRQDVLQ 5HDJHQWV XULQJWKHDQDOVLVXVHRQOUHDJHQWVRIUHFRJQLHG DQDOWLFDOJUDGHDQGRQOZDWHUDVVSHFLILHGLQ 7DEOH7HUPVDQGVQRQPVLQUHODWLR

26、QWRDFWXDOFRPSRXQGVLQWKHVROXWLRQ $WSUHVHQWDWWKHVWDJHRIGUDIW 7HUP 6QRQP &RPSRXQGV )UHHFKORULQH )UHHFKORULQH $FWLYHIUHH FKORULQH (OHPHQWDOFKORULQH KSRFKORURXVDFLG 3RWHQWLDOIUHH FKORULQH +SRFKORULWH 7RWDOFKORULQH 7RWDOUHVLGXDOFKORULQH (OHPHQWDOFKORULQH KSRFKORURXVDFLG KSRFKORULWHFKORUDPLQHV(1,62 %6, :DW

27、HUIUHHIURPRLGLLQJDQGUHGXFLQJ VXEVWDQFHV HPLQHUDOLHGRUGLVWLOOHGZDWHURIZKLFKWKH TXDOLWLVFKHFNHGDVIROORZV ,QWRWZRPOFKORULQHGHPDQGIUHHFRQLFDOIODVNV FODXVH SODFHLQRUGHU DLQWKHILUVWPORIWKHZDWHUWREHFKHFNHG DQGDERXWJRISRWDVVLXPLRGLGH PLDQG DIWHUPLQDGGPOEXIIHUVROXWLRQ DQGPORI3UHDJHQW ELQWKHVHFRQGPORIWKHZDWHU

28、WREHFKHFNHG DQGWZRGURSVRIVRGLXPKSRFKORULWH VROXWLRQ WKHQDIWHUPLQPORIEXIIHU VROXWLRQ DQGPORI3UHDJHQW 1RFRORUDWLRQVKRXOGDSSHDULQWKHILUVWIODVN ZKHUHDVLWLVHVVHQWLDOWKDWDOLJKWSLQNFRORUDWLRQ DSSHDUVLQWKHVHFRQGIODVN ,QWKHFDVHRIGHPLQHUDOLHGRUGLVWLOOHGZDWHUQRW KDYLQJWKHGHVLUHGTXDOLWLWPXVWEHFKORULQDWHG $IWHUD

29、SHULRGRIFRQWDFWIROORZHGEGHFKORULQDWLRQ WKHTXDOLWILQDOOKDVWREHUHFKHFNHG $SURFHGXUHIRUWKHSUHSDUDWLRQRIZDWHUIUHHIURP RLGLLQJDQGUHGXFLQJVXEVWDQFHVLVJLYHQLQ $QQH% %XIIHUVROXWLRQ S+ LVVROYHLQZDWHU LQWKLVRUGHUJDQKGURXV GLVRGLXPKGURJHQSKRVSKDWH1D +32 RUJ RIWKHGRGHFDKGUDWHIRUP1D +32 + 2 DQGJRISRWDVVLXPGLKGUR

30、JHQSKRVSKDWH .+ 32 $GGPORIJOGLVRGLXP GLKGURJHQHWKOHQHGLQLWULORWHWUDDFHWDWHGLKGUDWH GLVRGLXP(7$GLKGUDWH& + 1 2 1D + 2 VROXWLRQRUJRIWKHVROLGIRUP ,IQHFHVVDUDGGJRIPHUFXU,FKORULGH +J&O WRSUHYHQWPRXOGJURZWKDQGLQWHUIHUHQFH LQWKHIUHHDYDLODEOHFKORULQHWHVWFDXVHGEDQ WUDFHDPRXQWVRILRGLGHLQWKHUHDJHQWV LOXWHWRPOD

31、QGPL 127( 6ROXWLRQVFRQWDLQLQJPHUFXUVKRXOGEHGLVSRVHGRI SURSHUOIRUHDPSOHDPHWKRGLVVSHFLILHGLQ,62 ,QRUJDQLFFKHPLFDOSURGXFWVIRULQGXVWULDOXVH*HQHUDOPHWKRG IRUGHWHUPLQDWLRQRIFKORULGHFRQWHQW0HUFXULPHWULFPHWKRG 11GLHWKOSKHQOHQHGLDPLQHVXOIDWH 3 1+ & + 1& + + 62 VROXWLRQJO 0LPOZDWHU POVXOIXULF DFLG A JPODQGPOR

32、IJOGLVRGLXP (7$GLKGUDWHVROXWLRQRUJRIWKHVROLGIRUP LVVROYHLQWKLVPLWXUHJRIDQKGURXV3 RUJRIWKHSHQWDKGUDWHIRUPGLOXWHWRPO DQGPL 6WRUHWKHUHDJHQWLQDGDUNERWWOHSURWHFWHGIURP KHDW 5HQHZWKHVROXWLRQDIWHUPRQWKRUZKHQLW EHFRPHVGLVFRORXUHG 3RWDVVLXPLRGLGH FUVWDOV 127( 5HDJHQWV DQG PDEHFRQYHQLHQWOUHSODFHG EFRPELQHGUHD

33、JHQWVFRPPHUFLDOODYDLODEOHLQWKHIRUPRI VWDEOHSRZGHURUWDEOHWV $PPRQLXPLURQ,VXOIDWH VWRFNVROXWLRQ F1+ )H62 + 2 PROO 3UHSDUDWLRQRIWKHVROXWLRQ LVVROYHJRIDPPRQLXPLURQ,VXOIDWH KHDKGUDWH0RKU“VVDOWLQDERXWPO ZDWHU FRQWDLQLQJPOVXOIXULFDFLG A JPOLQDPORQHPDUNYROXPHWULF IODVN0DNHXSWRWKHPDUNZLWKZDWHUDQGPL 6WRUHLQDG

34、DUNERWWOH 6WDQGDUGLHWKLVVROXWLRQEPHDQVRIWKHSURFHGXUH JLYHQLQ ZKHQUHTXLUHGIRUXVHRUGDLOLI ODUJHQXPEHUVRIGHWHUPLQDWLRQVKDYHWREHGRQH 6WDQGDUGLDWLRQRIWKHVROXWLRQ 3ODFHLQDPOFRQLFDOIODVNPORIWKHVWRFN VROXWLRQ DERXWPO ZDWHU PO RUWKRSKRVSKRULFDFLG A JPODQGGURSVRI EDULXPGLSKHQODPLQHVXOIRQDWHLQGLFDWRU 7LWUDWHZL

35、WKSRWDVVLXPGLFKURPDWHVROXWLRQ 7KHHQGSRLQWLVUHDFKHGZKHQRQHGURSSURGXFHVDQ LQWHQVHSXUSOHFRORUDWLRQZKLFKUHPDLQVXQFKDQJHG DIWHUIXUWKHUDGGLWLRQRIWKHSRWDVVLXPGLFKURPDWH VROXWLRQ 7KH FRQFHQWUDWLRQ F HSUHVVHG LQ PLOOLPROHVRI&O SHUOLWUHRIWKLVVROXWLRQLVJLYHQE WKHHTXDWLRQ ZKHUH F LVWKHFRQFHQWUDWLRQRIWKHSRWDVVLX

36、P GLFKURPDWHVWDQGDUGUHIHUHQFHVROXWLRQ F. &U 2 PPROO 9 LVWKHYROXPHLQPLOOLOLWUHVRIDPPRQLXP LURQ,VXOIDWHVWRFNVROXWLRQ PO 9 LVWKHYROXPHLQPLOOLOLWUHVRIWKHSRWDVVLXP GLFKURPDWHVWDQGDUGUHIHUHQFHVROXWLRQ XVHGLQWKHWLWUDWLRQ 127( :KHQ9 EHFRPHVOHVVWKDQPOSUHSDUHDIUHVKVWRFN VROXWLRQVHH $PPRQLXPLURQ,VXOIDWH VWDQGD

37、UGYROXPHWULF VROXWLRQ F1+ )H62 + 2 PPROO 3ODFHPORIWKHIUHVKOVWDQGDUGLHGVWRFN VROXWLRQ LQDPORQHPDUNYROXPHWULF IODVN0DNHXSWRWKHPDUNZLWKZDWHU DQG PL 7UDQVIHUWRDGDUNERWWOH 3UHSDUHWKLVVROXWLRQZKHQUHTXLUHGIRUXVHRUGDLO LIODUJHQXPEHUVRIGHWHUPLQDWLRQVKDYHWREHGRQH 6HHQDWLRQDOIRUHZRUGIRUGHWDLOVRIWHWXUDOHUURU c 1 V2 c 2V 1 =(1,62 %6, 7KHFRQFHQWUDWLRQ F HSUHVVHGLQPLOOLPROHVRI&O SHUOLWUHRIWKLVVROXWLRQLVJLYHQEWKHHTXDWLRQ ZKHUHF LVDVGHILQHGLQ 6RGLXPDUVHQLWH 1D$V2