1、BRITISH STANDARD Vitreous and porcelain enamels - Low voltage test for detecting and locating defects The European Standard EN 8289:2001 has the status of a British Standard ICs 25.220.50 BS EN IS0 8289:2001 Incorporating Corrigendum No. 1 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COP
2、YRIGHT LAW BS EN IS0 8289:ZOOl Amd. No. 13557 Incorporating National foreword Date Comments 8 November 3001 Insertion of corrected EN IS0 foreword page This British Standard is the official English language version of EN IS0 8289:2001. It is identical with IS0 8289:ZOOO. It supersedes BS 1344-20:198
3、7 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee STU36, Vitreous enamel coatings, which has the responsibility to: - - aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible internationalEuropean committee any enquiries on the interpretatio
4、n, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. - A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which imp
5、lement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not pur
6、port to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front
7、cover, the EN IS0 title page, the EN IS0 forewor page; the IS0 title page, pages ii and iii, a blank page, pages 1 to 3 and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. This British Standard. having been prepared under the direction of
8、the Sector Policy and Strategy Committee for Materials and Chemirals, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee cm 5 September 2001 Amendments issued since publication B BSI 8 November 2001 ISBN O 580 38134 X I I I I l EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISC
9、HE NORM EN IS0 8289 August 2001 ICs 25.220.50 English version Vitreous and porcelain enamels - Low voltage test for detecting and locating defects (IS0 8289:2000) Emaux vitrifies - Essai a basse tension pour la dtection et la localisation des dfauts (IS0 8289:2000) Emails und Emaillierungen - Niedri
10、gspannungsprufung zum Nachweis und Lokalisieren von Fehlstellen (IS0 8289:2000) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 June 2001. CEN members are bound to comply with the CENICENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a natio
11、nal standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any o
12、ther language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium. Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany. G
13、reece, Iceland. Ireland, Italy. Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEt FOR STANDARDIZATION COMLTE EUROPEEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPAISCHES KOMITEE FUR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 8-1050 Brussels O 2001 CEN All rig
14、hts of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN IS0 8289:2001 E EN IS0 8289:2001 1 CORRECTED 2001-09-26 I Foreword The text of the International Standard from Technical Committee ISO/TC 107 “Metallic and other inorganic coatings“ of the Inter
15、national Organization for Standardization (EO) has been taken over as an European Standard by Technical Committee CEN/TC 262 “Metallic and other inorganic coatings“, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publicatio
16、n of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2002, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2002. According to the CENICENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement th
17、is European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IS0 8289:2000 has been a
18、pproved by CEN as a European Standard without any modification. I NTE RNATI ONAL STANDARD EN IS0 8289:2001 IS0 8289 Second edition 2000-08-01 Vitreous and porcelain enamels - Low voltage test for detecting and locating defects maux vitrifis - Essai basse tension pour la dtection et la localisation d
19、es dfauts Reference number IS0 8289:2000(E) EN IS0 8289:2001 Foreword IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through IS0 technical com-
20、mittees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liai- son with ISO, also take part in the work. IS0 collaborates closely with t
21、he International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the mem
22、ber bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights. IS0 shall not be held responsibl
23、e for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard IS0 8289 was prepared by Technical Committee ISOiTC 107, Metallic and other inorganic coatings. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (IS0 8289:1986), which has been technically revised iii EN IS0 8289:2001
24、Vitreous and porcelain enamels - Low voltage test for detecting and locating defects I Scope This International Standard specifies two low voltage tests for detecting and locating defects that extend to the basis metal in vitreous and porcelain enamel coatings. Method A (electrical) is suitable for
25、the rapid detection and determination of the general location of defects. Method B (optical), based on colour effects, is suitable for the more precise detection of defects and their exact locations. Method A is commonly applied to flat surfaces, whereas method B is preferred for more intricate shap
26、es. NOTE 1 Selection of the correct test method is critical to distinguish the areas of increased conductivity detected by method B from actual pores that extend to the basis metal, which can be detected by both methods. NOTE 2 The low voltage test is a non-destructive method of detecting defects (s
27、ee clause 3) and therefore, is completely differ- ent from the high voltage test specified in IS0 2746. The results of high and low voltage tests are not comparable and will differ. 2 Normative reference The following normative document contains provisions which, through reference in this text, cons
28、titute provisions of this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publica- tions do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investi- gate the possibility of applying the most recent
29、 edition of the normative document indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of IS0 and IEC maintain reg- isters of currently valid International Standards. IEC 60086-2, Primary bafferies - Part 2; Specification sheets. 3 Term
30、and definition For the purposes of this International Standard, the following term and definition applies. 3.1 defect pore, crack or spall that penetrates or extends to the basis metal NOTE In certain areas, defects may be unavoidable being caused during the production of the article, e.g., burnishi
31、ng tool marks. 4 Principle Defects are detected by an electrical or electroacousticai method (method A) or an optical one (method B) based on colour effects. Testing is carried out at a low voltage, contact being made with the defect by means of a conductive solution. 5 Test reagent Dissolve 3,O g f
32、 0,l g sodium nitrite (NaNO,) in 100 ml of tap water and add 2 drops of a liquid dishwashing deter- gent. 1 EN IS0 8289:ZOOl If the defects are to be made visible by means of colour effects (method B), add 4 ml of phenolphthalein ethanolic so- lution having a mass fraction of 0.5 % phenolphthalein.
33、WARNING -Care should be taken when using the sodium nitrite and phenolphthalein solution. Instead of sodium nitrite, other water soluble salts may be used provided that the article shall not be re-enamelled after testing. The salt solution shall be used in such an amount that the alternative test re
34、agent has a conductivity of 35 mS f 3mS and a pH value of 7.5 f 1. 6 Apparatus 6.1 MethodA 6.1.1 Power source The power source for method A shall consist of a 9 V battery device with an accuracy of f IV. For example, a tran- sistor battery, 6 F 100, as specified in IEC 60086-2, is suitable. 6.1.2 Te
35、st electrode The test electrode for meJhod A consists of a sponge made of plastic, cellulose or similar material. For rough scan- ning of large enamelled surfaces, test electrodes with an area of not greater than 1 O0 cm2 shall be used. Any defects that are detected shall then be more precisely loca
36、ted using a test electrode with an area of about I cm2 or by using an edge or corner of the larger electrode. 6.1.3 Measuring instrument A sensitive microammeter or an electronic circuit that produces an acoustical signal that indicates when the electrical resistance of the vitreous enamel drops bel
37、ow 90 ka Ifr 9 a shall be used to detect and locate defects in the coat- ing. 6.2 Method i3 6.2.1 Power source The power source for method B shall consist of a source of direct voltage (d.c. voltage), 24 V -I. 4 V. Alternatively, a voltage divider, or three transistor radio batteries, 6 F 100, as sp
38、ecified in IEC 60086-2, connected in series may be employed. 6.2.2 Test electrode Wet paper, for example, kitchen tissue, with an area of at least 500cm2, shail be used as the test electrode for method B. 7 Test specimen The test specimen may be a commercial item, a part thereof or a sample plate es
39、pecially prepared for this test. In any case, the test specimen shall have an uncovered (not enamelled) area of metal for contact with the negative electrode. The test specimen shall be cleaned with a detergent solution, rinsed with tap water and dried by dabbing with a sheet of cloth or paper. When
40、 the specimen is tested within 24 h of firing, cleaning with detergent solution is not necessary. The enamel coating shall have a temperature not greater than 30 C. 2 EN IS0 8289:2001 8 Procedure 8.1 Electrical detection (method A) Mark the area to be tested by using a felt tip marker or adhesive ta
41、pe. Connect the basis metal of the test specimen to the negative pole of the power source (6.1.1). Then connect the test electrode, the sponge (6.1.2), with the positive pole of the power source (6.1 .I). Soak the test electrode with the test reagent (see clause 5). Check the electrical connection b
42、etween the apparatus of 6.1 I, 6.1.2, and 6.1.3 by touching the basis metal with the test electrode. The connection is correct if the measuring instrument (6.1.3) gives an indication. Progressively scan the total enamelled test area while moving the test electrode at a speed not greater than 0,2 m/s
43、. Count the number of electrical signals and locate the defects. 8.2 Optical detection (method B) Mark the test area by using a felt tip marker or adhesive tape. Connect the basis metal of the test specimen to the negative pole of the power source (6.2.1). Then connect the test electrode, the wet pa
44、per (6.2.2), with the positive pole of the power source (6.2.1). Soak the test electrode (6.2.2) with the test reagent (see clause 5) and apply it, without air inclusions, to the test area. Switch on the power source (6.2.1) and switch it off after 2 min. Within I min of switching it off, count the
45、number of defects. Each defect will be indicated by a red coloured spot visible on the test electrode (6.2.2). 9 Expression of results Calculate the number of defects per square metre with the following equation: where N is the number of defects per square metre; S is the number of detected defects;
46、 A is the test area in square metres. 10 Test report The test report shall contain the following information: a) reference to this International Standard; b) the test method used; .e., method A or method B; c) the identification of the article tested; d) the number of defects per square metre; e) if
47、 applicable, a record of the location of the defects; f) the test reagent; g) the date the test was made. 3 BS EN IS0 8289:2001 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL BSI - British Standards Institution 3SI is the independent national body responsible for preparing 3ritish Standards. It presents t
48、he UK view on standards in Europe and at the nternational level. It is incorporated by Royal Charter. bevisions 3ritish Standards are updated by amendment or revision. Users of 3ritish Standards should make sure that they possess the latest amendments or ?ditionS. :t is the constant aim of BSI to im
49、prove the quality of our products and services. Ne would be grateful if anyone finding an inaccuracy or ambiguity while using :his British Standard would inform the Secretary of the technical committee :esponsible, the identity of which can be found on the inside front cover. rel: O20 8996 9000. Fax: O20 8996 7400. BSI offers members an individual updating service called PLUS which ensures ;hat subscribers automatically receive the latest editions of standards. Buying standards Orders for all BSI, international and foreign standards publications should be addressed to Cus
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