1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 877-2:2010Plastics Methods ofexposure to solar radiationPart 2: Direct weathering and exposurebehind window glass (ISO 877-2:2009)BS EN ISO 877-2:2010 BRITISH STANDARDN
2、ational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 877-2:2010.It is identical to ISO 877-2:2009. Together with BS EN ISO 877-1:2010and BS EN ISO 877-3:2010, it supersedes BS EN ISO 877:1997 which iswithdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalComm
3、ittee PRI/21, Testing of plastics.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2011ISBN 978 0 580 57612 6I
4、CS 83.080.01Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2011.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE
5、EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 877-2 December 2010 ICS 83.080.01 Supersedes EN ISO 877:1996English Version Plastics - Methods of exposure to solar radiation - Part 2: Direct weathering and exposure behind window glass (ISO 877-2:2009) Plastiques - Mthodes dexposition au rayonnement solaire - Partie 2: Expos
6、ition directe et exposition derrire une vitre en verre (ISO 877-2:2009) Kunststoffe - Freibewitterung - Teil 2: Bewitterung und Bestrahlen hinter Fensterglas (ISO 877-2:2009) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 4 December 2010. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal
7、Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
8、member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official version
9、s. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slove
10、nia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN na
11、tional Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 877-2:2010: EBS EN ISO 877-2:2010EN ISO 877-2:2010 (E) 3 Foreword The text of ISO 877-2:2009 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61 “Plastics” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 877-2:2010 by Techn
12、ical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics” the secretariat of which is held by NBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at th
13、e latest by June 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 877:1996. According to the CEN/
14、CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lith
15、uania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 877-2:2009 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 877-2:2010 without any modification. BS EN ISO 877-2:2010ISO 877-2:2009(
16、E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Principle. 1 4 Apparatus 1 5 Test specimens . 3 6 Conditions of exposure of the test specimens 4 7 Exposure stages . 4 8 Procedure 5 9 Expression of results . 6 10 Test report . 6 BS EN ISO 877-2:20
17、10ISO 877-2:2009(E) iv ISO 2009 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Eac
18、h member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the Internation
19、al Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standard
20、s adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject o
21、f patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 877-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 6, Ageing, chemical and environmental resistance. Together with the other parts (see below), it cancels and replaces IS
22、O 877:1994, which has been technically revised. ISO 877 consists of the following parts, under the general title Plastics Methods of exposure to solar radiation: Part 1: General guidance Part 2: Direct weathering and exposure behind window glass Part 3: Intensified weathering using concentrated sola
23、r radiation BS EN ISO 877-2:2010INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 877-2:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 1Plastics Methods of exposure to solar radiation Part 2: Direct weathering and exposure behind window glass 1 Scope This part of ISO 877 specifies a method for the direct exposure of plastics to sol
24、ar radiation (method A) and a method for the exposure of plastics to glass-filtered solar radiation (exposure behind window glass) (method B). The purpose is to assess property changes produced after specified stages of such exposures. General guidance concerning the scope of ISO 877 is given in ISO
25、 877-1:2009, Clause 1. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO
26、 877-1: 2009, Plastics Methods of exposure to solar radiation Part 1: General guidance ISO 4582, Plastics Determination of changes in colour and variations in properties after exposure to daylight under glass, natural weathering or laboratory light sources ASTM G 24, Standard Practice for Conducting
27、 Exposures to Daylight Filtered Through Glass 3 Principle General guidance is given in ISO 877-1:2009, Clause 4. 4 Apparatus 4.1 General requirements Refer to ISO 877-1:2009, Subclause 5.1, for general requirements. When installed, the racks employed in test methods A and B shall be capable of provi
28、ding the desired angle of inclination (see 6.1) and shall be such that no portion of any test specimen is closer than 0,5 m to the ground or to any other obstruction. Specimens may be mounted directly on the rack or in suitable holders which are then affixed to the rack. Mounting fixtures shall be s
29、ecure, but shall apply as little stress as possible to the specimens and shall permit shrinkage, expansion or warping to occur without constraint, as far as possible. In some cases, the object to be exposed is intended to be in direct contact with the ground (e.g. when entire vehicles are exposed).
30、In these cases, the requirements for minimum distance between the specimens and the ground do not apply. BS EN ISO 877-2:2010ISO 877-2:2009(E) 2 ISO 2009 All rights reserved4.2 Test fixture for exposures using method A The design of the specimen rack shall be suited to the types of specimen being ex
31、posed, but for many purposes a flat frame mounted on a support is suitable. The materials used to construct the frame shall conform to the requirements given in ISO 877-1:2009, Subclause 5.1. All materials used for the test fixture shall be corrosion-resistant without the need for surface treatment.
32、 Aluminum alloys 6061T6 and 6063T6 and stainless steel have been found suitable for use in most locations. Untreated wood may be acceptable for use in very dry locations. The test fixture may be adjustable with respect to both solar altitude (i.e. tilt) and azimuth. 4.3 Test fixture for exposures us
33、ing method B The test fixture shall consist of an open-bottomed box with a framed cover of e.g. window glass, windscreen glass or automotive side-window glass. The box shall be fitted with a specimen rack that is positioned in a plane parallel to that of the glass cover and on which specimens may be
34、 mounted directly or in suitable holders. The materials used to construct the box and the rack to which the specimens are attached shall conform to the requirements of ISO 877-1:2009, Subclause 5.1. The test fixture may be adjustable with respect to both solar altitude (i.e. tilt) and azimuth. A sch
35、ematic diagram of a set of acceptable under-glass exposure cases is shown in Figure 1. Sufficient space between the cover and the rack is necessary to ensure adequate ventilation; a minimum of 75 mm has been found suitable. To minimize shadows, the usable exposure area under the glass shall be limit
36、ed to the area of the glass cover reduced by the distance from the cover to the specimens. The glass used for the cover shall be flat, uniformly transparent and without defects. For exposures under building-window glass, the glass cover shall be a piece of non-laminated, transparent flat glass. In o
37、rder to reduce variability due to changes in UV transmission of glass, all new glass shall be pre-aged for a period of 3 months. The thickness of the glass shall be 2 mm to 3,2 mm. Refer to ASTM G 24 for guidance on glass pre-ageing, routine maintenance and the lifetime of such glass. Other types of
38、 glass or glazing materials may be used as agreed upon by the interested parties. NOTE 1 Exposure under glass may give rise to different results compared to exposure to the open atmosphere because of a difference in spectral irradiance and a difference between under-glass and open-air temperature. N
39、OTE 2 Information about spectral transmission and solarization of window glass can be found in the following paper: KETOLA, W., ROBBINS, J.S., “UV Transmission of Single Strength Window Glass” in ASTM STP 1202, Accelerated and Outdoor Durability Testing of Organic Materials, Warren D. Ketola and Dou
40、glas Grossman (Eds), ASTM, 1993. In order to ensure the greatest consistency in the exposure conditions, it is essential that the transmission of the glass used for method B exposures be regularly measured or that the glass be replaced on a regular basis. If transmission measurements are used for th
41、is, monitor transmission at 320 nm. Replace the glass when the transmission at 320 nm has dropped to 80 % or less of the transmission measured when the glass was first installed. If transmission is not measured, replace the glass at least every five years. BS EN ISO 877-2:2010ISO 877-2:2009(E) ISO 2
42、009 All rights reserved 3Key 1 support post 2 angle adjustment arm 3 glass cover 4 wire screen or mesh (optional) 5 plywood backing (optional) 6 open frame (optional) 7 exposure angle 8 points of the compass (Northern hemisphere exposures) Figure 1 Typical set of exposure cases for weathering of pla
43、stics using glass-filtered solar radiation 4.4 Apparatus for measurement of climatic factors Refer to ISO 877-1:2009, Subclause 5.2. Radiometers used for the measurement of solar radiation behind glass in method B shall be mounted 75 mm 5 mm behind the glass and parallel to within 2 with the glass c
44、over and the rack on which the specimens are mounted. The glass cover shall be at least 60 cm 60 cm in size. NOTE ASTM G 24 describes a procedure for indirect calculation of total solar radiant exposure. 5 Test specimens Refer to ISO 877-1:2009, Clause 6. BS EN ISO 877-2:2010ISO 877-2:2009(E) 4 ISO
45、2009 All rights reserved6 Conditions of exposure of the test specimens 6.1 Exposure aspect The exposure angle shall be fixed, facing the equator, at an angle of tilt from the horizontal selected from one of the following, depending on the specification or requirements of the exposure test: a) Any an
46、gle between 0 and 90 from the horizontal, in accordance with the intended application of the material or the requirements of the specification. NOTE Exposures at tilt angles of 5 or 45 to the horizontal are very commonly used for plastics. 5 exposures are used to minimize pooling of water in horizon
47、tal exposures. Other angles may be used to obtain results relevant to special purposes; for example, vertical exposure may be required to simulate conditions on the face of a building while 45 may be used for comparison with established databases. b) For maximum annual total solar radiation for expo
48、sure locations at latitudes up to 20 from the equator, adjust the tilt angle to be the same as the site latitude. c) For maximum annual total solar radiation for exposure locations at latitudes greater than 20 from the equator, adjust the tilt angle to the site latitude minus 5 to 10. 6.2 Exposure s
49、ite Test fixtures shall be located so that there is no shadow on any specimen when the suns elevation angle is equal to or greater than 20. Additionally, for some applications, it may be desirable to include exposure in uncleared areas in jungle or forest regions in order to assess the effects of biological growth, termites and rotting vegetation. In choosing such sites, care shall be taken to ensure that: a) the uncleared site is truly representative of the general environment; b) the exposure facilities and access
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