1、STDmBSI BS EN IS0 10545-3-ENGL 1997 m Lb24bb9 b57317 188 = BRITISH STANDARD Ceramic tiles Part 3. Determination of water absorption, apparent porosity, apparent relative density and bulk density The European Standard EN IS0 10545-3 : 1997 has the status of a British Standard ICs 91.100.20 BS EN IS0
2、10545-3 : 1997 . _ NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGKT LAW STD-BSI BS EN IS0 L05q5-3-ENL 1717 D LbZLIbbS Ob573L OLq D Amd.No. BS EN IS0 10545-3 : 1997 Date Text affected Committees responsible for this British Standard The prepdon of this British StanM was entrusted to
3、 Technical Committee B/539, Ceramic tiles and other rigid tiling, upon which the following bodies were represented Association of Building Engineers British Adhesives and Sealants Association British Ceramic Research Ltd. British Ceramic Ille Council Building Research Establishment Chartered Institu
4、te of Building Concrete Society Constsuction Confederation Consumer Policy Committee of BSI Contract Flooring Association Federation of Master Builders Federation of Resin Formulators and Applicators Health and Safety Executive Institute of Clerks of Works of Great Britain London Underground Ltd. Mo
5、rtar Producers Association National Federation of Ciay Industries National Federation of Terrazzo, Marble and Mosaic Specialists National Master Ille Fixem Association National We, Faience and Mosaic bem Society Natural Slate Quarries Association Royal Institute of British Architects Stone Federatio
6、n This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Board for Building and Civil Engineering, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 November 1997 O BSI 1997 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard Com
7、mittee reference B/539 Draft for comment 93/102976 DC ISBN O 680 28666 8 STD-BSI BS EN IS0 L545-J-ENGL 1997 = Lb24bb9 b59319 T5C BS EN IS0 105453 : 1997 Contents Committees responsible National foreword Page Inside front cover 11 Foreword Method 1 Scope 2 principle 3 APP- 4 Test specimens 1 6 Proced
8、ure 2 6 Expression of resuits 2 7 Testreport 3 1 lile mass and accuracy of measurement 2 Table O BSI 1997 i STD-BSI BS-EN IS0 LO5q5-3-ENGL L997 9 Lb24bb9 0b5932OP772 = BS EN IS0 10545-3 : 1997 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee B/539 and is the English l
9、anguage version of EN IS0 105453 : 1997 Ceramic tiles -Part 3: Determination of water abswption, apparent porosity, apparent relative ciknsity and buk density, published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). It is identical with IS0 105453 : 1995, including its Technical Corrigendum 1
10、 : 1997, published by the International Organization for Standardization USO). It supersedes BS 6431 : Part 11 : 1983, which will be withdrawn when Parts 1 to 16 of BS EN IS0 10545 have all been published. This Part of BS EN IS0 10545 was originally drafted by CEN/rC 67, Ceramic tiles, as EN 99, pub
11、lished in 1982, and conrmed in 1991. Subsequently the European Standard was revised by IS0 as a Part of IS0 10545, which has now been approved by CEN as a Part of EN IS0 10545. The technical changes from the method described in BS 6431 : Part 11 are as follows. Additional methods are included for de
12、termination of the apparent porosity, apparent relative density and bulk density. Impregnation of the tiles with water may be achieved by boiling or under vacuum. Classifcation of tiles for specification purposes is to be made using the boiling method. After the vacuum impregnated tiles have been we
13、ighed in air, they are weighed again in water. This further step enables the additional properties to be calculated. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i an
14、d ii, the EN IS0 title page, the EN IS0 foreword page, pages 1 to 4, an inside back cover and a back cover. Il O BSI 1997 STD-BSI BS EN IS0 20545-3-ENGL 1777 M Lb2Gbb7 Ob57321 bo9 E EUROPEAN STANDARD NORIME EUROPENNE EuROP the vacuum method wl fills almost all the open pores. * 3.6 Desiccator. The b
15、oiling method shall be used for classification of tiles and product spectfications. The vacuum method 3.7 Chamois leather. shall be used for apparent porosity, apparent relative 3.5 Deionized or distilled water. - * density and water absorption for purposes other than ciassif ication. 3.8 Wire loop,
16、 halter or basket, capable of sup- porting specimens under water for making suspended mass measurements. 2 Principle 3.9 Glass beaker, or similar container of size and shape such that the sample, when suspended from Impregnation of dW tiles with water and then SUs- the balance (3.4) by the wire loop
17、 (3.8). is completely using the relationships between the dry, saturated wire loop being completely free of contact with any and suspended masses. part of the container. pension in Water. CalCldation Of the listed PrOpertiSS immersed in water, with the test specimen and the 3 Apparatus 3.10 Vacuum c
18、hamber and vacuum system, of sufficient capacity to accommodate the required number of test specimens and achieve and hold a vacuum of (10 I 1) kPa for 30 min. I 3.1 Drying oven, capable of being operated at (110 i 5) OC. 4 Test specimens Microwave, infrared or other drying systems may be used provi
19、ded that it has been determined that the same results are obtained. 4.1 A sample of each type of tile under test shall consist of 10 whole tiles. O BSI 1997 1 STD-BSI EIS EN IS0 10545-3-ENGL 1997 W Lb24bb9 b59324 318 EN IS0 10545-3 : 1995 4.2 If the proper surface area of each individual tile is gre
20、ater than 0,04 m2, only five whole tiles shall be used for the test. 4.3 When the mass of each individual tile is below 50 g, a sufficient number of tiles shall be taken so that each test specimen reaches a mass of 50 g to 100 g. 4.4 Tiles with sides longer than 200 mm may be cut into smaller pieces
21、, but all such pieces shall be in- cluded in the measurement. With polygonal and other non-rectangular tiles, the lengths and widths shall be those of the enclosing rectangles. 5 Procedure Dry the tiles in the oven (3.1) adjusted to (1 10 5) OC, until constant mass is reached, .e. until the differen
22、ce between two successive weighings at intervals of 24 h is less than 0.1 %. Cool the tiles in the desiccator (3.6) over silica gel or another suitable desiccant, but not an acid. Weigh each tile and record the results to the corre sponding accuracy shown in table 1. Table 1 - Tile mass and accuracy
23、 of measurement Values in grams I 1 I measurement Accurrcyof I Mass of tile 50 to 100 2 100 to 500 500 to 1 O00 1 O00 to 3 O00 3 O00 0.02 0.05 0.25 O. 50 1 .o0 5.1 Impregnation with water 5.1.1 Boiling method Place the tiles vertically. with no contact between them, in the heating apparatus (3.2) so
24、 that there is a depth of 5 cm of water (3.5) above and below the tiles. Maintain the water level at 5 cm above the tiles throughout the test. Heat the water until it boils and continue to boil for 2 h. Then remove the source of heat (3.3) and allow the tiles to cool to room tem- perature, still com
25、pletely immersed, in 4 h f 15 min. Water at ambient temperature or refrigerating coils may be used to cool the test specimens to room temperature. Prepare the chamois leather (3.7) by wetting and wringing out by hand. Place it on a flat surface and lightly dry each side of each tile in turn. Dab any
26、 relief surfaces with the chamois leather. Immediately after this procedure, weigh each tile and record the results to the same accuracy as for the dry state see table 1). 5.1.2 Vacuum method Place the tiles vertically, with no contact between them, in the vacuum chamber (3.10). Evacuate to a pressu
27、re of (10 f 1) kPa and maintain it for 30 min. Then while I maintaining the vacuum, slowly admit sufficient water to cover the tiles by 5 cm. Release the vacuum and allow the tiles to remain submerged for 15 min. Prepare the chamois leather (3.7) by wetting and wringing out by hand. Place it on a fl
28、at surface and lightly dry each side of each tile in turn. Dab any relief surfaces with the chamois leather. Immediately after this procedure, weigh each tile and record the results to the same accuracy as for the dn/ state see table 1). 5.2 Suspended weight After impregnation under vacuum of the te
29、st speci- mens, determine, to the nearest 0.01 g, the mass q, of each specimen while suspended in water. Carry out weighing by placing the specimen in a wire loop, halter, or basket (3.8) that is suspended from one arm of the balance (3.4). Before actually weighing, counterbalance the scale with the
30、 wire loop, halter, or basket in place and immerse in water to the same depth as is used when the specimens are in place. 6 Expression of results m1 9, is the mass of the dry tile; is the mass of the tile impregnated with boiling water; is the mass of the tile impregnated by im- mersion under vacuum
31、; 9“ m, is the mass of the suspended tile impregnated by immersion under vacuum. In the following calculations, the assumption is made that 1 cm3 of water weighs 1 g. This is true within about 3 %O for water at room temperature. 2 O BSI 1997 * * vi STD-BSI BS EN IS0 10545-3-ENGL 1777 = Lb24bb7 Ob573
32、25 254 D EN IS0 10545-3 : 1995 6.1 Water absorption 6.3 Apparent relativo density For each tile, the water absorption, E(b,vp expressed as a percentage of the dry mass, is calculated using the equation equation The apparent relative density, T, of the impervious portion of the test specimen, is calc
33、ulated using the where m, m, is the mass of the dry tile; is the mass of the wet tile. The designation 4 shall be used for the water ab sorption determined using m V=*,-ntj b) a description of the tiles; 6.2.2 The volume of open pores, V, and the volume of the impervious portion, V, expressed in cub
34、ic centimetres, are given by the equations C) for each Property determined, report the msults for each individual tile; d) for each property determined, report the average value. “0 = 9, - ml V,=m, -m, 6.2.3 The apparent porosity, P, expressed as a per- centage, is the relationship of the volume of
35、the open pores of the test specimen to its exterior volume. The apparent porosity is calculated using the equation P m2v-m v x 100 3 STD - BSI BS EN IS0 10545-3 : 1997 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London w4 4AL IS EN IS0 L05LI5-3-ENGL 1997 Lb2ibbS Ub5732b 190 W BSI - British Standards Institution BSI
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