1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationThermal performance of buildings and materials Determination of specific airflow rate in buildings Tracer gas dilution methodBS EN ISO 12569:2012National forewordThis British Sta
2、ndard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 12569:2012. Itsupersedes BS EN ISO 12569:2001 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical CommitteeB/540, Energy performance of materials components and buildings, toSubcommittee B/540/8, Mirror committee for ISO/TC 1
3、63 - ThermalPerformance and Energy use in the built Environment.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of acontract. Users are responsible for its correct application.
4、The British Standards Institution 2013Published by BSI Standards Limited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 72066 6ICS 91.120.10Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the StandardsPolicy and Strategy Committee on 31
5、January 2013.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN ISO 12569:2012EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 12569 December 2012 ICS 91.120.10 Supersedes EN ISO 12569:2000English Version Thermal performance of buildings and materials - Deter
6、mination of specific airflow rate in buildings - Tracer gas dilution method (ISO 12569:2012) Performance thermique des btiments et des matriaux - Dtermination du dbit dair spcifique dans les btiments -Mthode de dilution de gaz traceurs (ISO 12569:2012) Wrmetechnisches Verhalten von Gebuden und Werks
7、toffen - Bestimmung des spezifischen Luftvolumenstroms in Gebuden - Indikatorgasverfahren (ISO 12569:2012) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 November 2012. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
8、 Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (E
9、nglish, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgiu
10、m, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerl
11、and, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref.
12、 No. EN ISO 12569:2012: EBS EN ISO 12569:2012EN ISO 12569:2012 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3BS EN ISO 12569:2012EN ISO 12569:2012 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 12569:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 163 “Thermal performance and energy use in the built environment“ in col
13、laboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 89 “Thermal performance of buildings and building components” the secretariat of which is held by SIS. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by Ju
14、ne 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rig
15、hts. This document supersedes EN ISO 12569:2000. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, F
16、ormer Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 125
17、69:2012 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 12569:2012 without any modification. BS EN ISO 12569:2012ISO 12569:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved iiiContents PageIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Terms and definitions . 13 Measurement method and its selection . 23.1 General . 23.2 Concentration decay me
18、thod 43.3 Continuous dose method . 73.4 Constant concentration method 93.5 Type of tracer gas. 103.6 Measurement apparatus 114 Procedure134.1 Building preparations 134.2 Ancillary measurements 134.3 Concentration decay method . 134.4 Continuous dose methods 204.5 Constant concentration method . 255
19、Accuracy .275.1 Tracer gas dose procedure and room concentration distribution 285.2 Tracer gas sampling and storage method . 285.3 Tracer gas concentration measuring instruments 285.4 Changes in outside wind and outside air temperature and schedule of air conditioning system 296 Test report 296.1 Ge
20、neral 296.2 All details necessary to identify the simulation tested296.3 Details of heating and ventilation systems 296.4 Test conditions and apparatus . 306.5 Collected data and results 306.6 Date of the test . 30Annex A (normative) Confidence intervals .31Annex B (normative) Method to estimate ven
21、tilation rate QVand effective mixed zone volume Vemzsimultaneously 3,4.34Annex C (informative) Considerations when measuring the ventilation rate of large spaces 39Annex D (informative) Effects of internal and external temperature difference, temperature change, and outside air concentration change
22、during the measurement period 40Annex E (informative) Estimation error minimizing method in 2-point and multi-point decay method 44Annex F (informative) Propagation of error analysis 49Bibliography .51BS EN ISO 12569:2012ISO 12569:2012(E)IntroductionThe aim of ventilation is to maintain a proper hyg
23、ienic status of the room by introducing outdoor air into a room, diluting contaminants, heat, moisture or odour generated in the room, and evacuating them. In terms of energy savings, it is also important to keep the ventilation at the required rate, in order to reduce heat loss and heat gain under
24、air conditioning as much as possible. Measurement of airflow rates is often necessary, for example to check if the performance of a ventilation system is as intended, to assess the source strength of contaminants, to ensure that contaminants are properly eliminated, etc. The methods described here c
25、an be used to measure the ventilation rate or the specific airflow rate. ISO 2012 All rights reserved vBS EN ISO 12569:2012Thermal performance of buildings and materials Determination of specific airflow rate in buildings Tracer gas dilution method1 ScopeThis International Standard establishes an en
26、gineering standard by which to obtain the ventilation rate/specific airflow rate, using a tracer gas in a building space, which is considered to be of a single zone.The measurement method is valid in spaces where the combined conditions concerning the uniformity of tracer gas concentration, measurem
27、ent of the exhaust gas concentration, effective mixed zone and/or fluctuation of ventilation are satisfied.This International Standard provides three measurement methods using a tracer gas: (1) concentration decay method, (2) continuous dose method, and (3) constant concentration method.NOTE Specifi
28、c measurement conditions are given in Table 1.2 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.2.1single zoneVspace where the ventilation rate/specific airflow rate is measured and which only exchanges air with the outsideNOTE 1 Measured in cubic me
29、tres.NOTE 2 Conditions needed for measurement are different for each measurement method, and details are given in Clause 4.2.2effective mixed zoneVemzspace within a single zone, excluding sealed furniture or storage space, in which tracer gas supplied to the zone is regarded as uniformly distributed
30、NOTE 1 Measured in cubic metres.NOTE 2 Forced mixing of air in the zone is often needed to keep uniform tracer gas concentration.2.3ventilation rateQvtotal volume of air passing through the zone to the outdoor air per unit of timeNOTE Measured in m3/s or m3/h.2.4specific airflow rateNratio of the Qv
31、 to the volume of the effective mixed zone, per second or per hourINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12569:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 12569:2012ISO 12569:2012(E)2.5building envelopeboundary or barrier separating the interior volume of a building from the outside environment2.6tracer gas
32、gas that can be mixed with air and measured in very small concentration in order to study airflow rateNOTE The tracer gas volume is defined as the value of exhaust temperature converted into density. When the room air is mixed well, the room temperature approximately matches the exhaust temperature.
33、2.7concentration decay methodmethod by which the specific airflow rate is obtained from the decaying curve of concentration observed after the end of the injection of tracer gas.2.8continuous dose methodmethod by which the ventilation rate is obtained from the concentration resulting from continuous
34、 generation or injection of the tracer gas2.9constant concentration methodmethod by which the ventilation rate is obtained from the injection rate of tracer gas dosed for constant concentration in the space3 Measurement method and its selection3.1 GeneralOne of the three measurement methods concentr
35、ation decay method, continuous dose method and constant concentration method, is used to measure the ventilation rate/specific airflow rate. Selection of a measurement method and data processing depends on a building structure, ventilation system and measurement instrument employed. The concentratio
36、n decay method has a limited measurement time of up to several hours while the continuous dose and constant concentration methods can provide a longer measurement time up to several weeks. The guideline of selection of the method and what is measured by the method is listed in Table 1.In order to im
37、prove the accuracy of measuring the ventilation rate/specific airflow rate, it is sometimes necessary to devise measures that approximate prerequisite conditions demanded of measurement methods. In particular, if a measurement method were used that requires uniformity of concentration in the effecti
38、ve mixed zone, it would be preferable to forcibly mix the internal air. In general, forced mixing of internal air has little effect on ventilation rate/specific airflow rate, but there is a risk that forced mixing affects the measured ventilation rate if natural ventilation due to temperature differ
39、ences predominates and the temperature within the room is distributed significantly, or if airflow emitted from a fan for the purpose of mixing air directly impinges on the leakage areas in buildings. In such instances, a mixing system needs to be improved or it would be recommended to select a meas
40、urement method that could ensure uniformity of concentration without mixing.In Table 1, specifications for the various applications are described as follows: “Room concentration can be maintained uniform at initial stage only” means making the concentration in the effective mixed zone uniform by a m
41、ethod such as forced mixing when supplying a tracer gas into the zone, but allowing the concentration to be distributed in principle with the measurement. If it is specified that “room concentration can be maintained uniform at all times”, continuous forced mixing of air in the effective mixed zone
42、is preferable. However, if the constant concentration method 2 ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 12569:2012ISO 12569:2012(E)is used, and if concentration is controlled by injecting the tracer gas at several places and air is sampled at several locations, it is possible to assume that concentrati
43、on is uniform without mixing. “Average exhaust concentration can be measured” may either mean instances in which concentration in an effective mixed zone is made uniform using mixing, or instances whereby the pressure inside a zone is kept lower than the outside when using the exhaust ventilation sy
44、stem, or the leakage area is extremely low so the exfiltration rate may be ignored, and exhaust pathways may be specified beforehand. When using measurement methods that require the “known volume of an effective mixed zone”, the volume of the effective mixed zone can be estimated using room dimensio
45、ns. However, when using the corresponding average inverse concentration method and average concentration method, if a sufficiently long time is taken to evaluate the ventilation rate, high accuracy for estimating the volume of an effective mixed zone is not needed. Measurement methods that can be ap
46、plied in instances where “fluctuation in ventilation rate can be ignored”, are designed on the assumption that the ventilation rate/specific airflow rate over time does not change.Table 1 Method, application and measured quantitiesMethodApplication and measured quantitiesApplication What is measured
47、Room concentra-tion can be maintained uniform at initial stage onlyRoom concen-tra-tion can be maintained uniform at all timesAverage exhaust concen-tra-tion can be measuredKnown volume of effective mixed zoneFluctuation in ventila-tion rate can be ignoredVentilation rate or spe-cific airflow rateFl
48、exibility to transient ventilation rateConcentra-tion decay method2-point decay method Specific air-flow rateMulti-point decay method Specific air-flow rateStep-down exhaust concen-tration method Specific air-flow ratePulse method Ventilation rateNOTE In addition to the measurement methods above, th
49、ere is an intermittent dose method that allows the measurement the volume of an effective mixed zone and ventilation rate at the same time. For measurement of ventilation rate among the other measurements, if volume of an effective mixed zone is known, the ventilation rate can be obtained by multiplying the volume of the effective mixed zone by the specific airflow rate, and then converting to ventilation rate. The measurement methods marked with “” in the “flexibility to transient ventilation rate” column can
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