1、BRITISH STANDARD Ergonomics of the thermal environment - Medical supervision of individuals exposed to extreme hot or cold environments The European Standard EN IS0 12894:2001 has the status of a British Standard ICs 13.100; 13.180 BS EN IS0 12894:2001 NO COPYING WHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMI
2、TTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW - BS EN IS0 12894:2001 Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 8 October 2001 Amd. No. Q BSI 8 October 2001 ISBN O 580 38553 i National foreword Date Comments This British Standard is the official English language
3、version of EN IS0 12894:ZOOl. It is identical with IS0 12894:ZOOl. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee PHI9, Applied Ergonomics, to Subcommittee PH1911, Thermal Environments, which has the responsibility to: - - aid enquirers to understand the text; present t
4、o the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. - A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on requ
5、est to its secretary. Cross-refer ences The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of
6、the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. S
7、ummary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, the EN foreword page, the IS0 title page, pages ii to v, a blank page, pages 1 to 30, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document
8、was last issued. EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN IS0 12894 June 2001 ICs 13.100: 13.180 English version Ergonomics of the thermal environment - Medical supervision of individuals exposed to extreme hot or cold environments (IS0 12894:2001) Ergonomie des ambiances thermiques - Su
9、rveillance mdicale des personnes exposes la chaleur ou au froid extrmes (IS0 12894:2001) Ergonomie der thermischen Umgebung - Medizinische bewachung von Personen, die einer extrem heien oder kalten Umgebung ausgesetzt sind (IS0 12894:2001) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 15 June 2001.
10、CEN members are bound to comply with the CENICENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on a
11、pplication to the Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has t
12、he same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland. Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Noway. Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMiTTEE
13、FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITE EUROPEEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FOR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 8-1050 Brussels O 2001 CEN Ail rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN IS0 12894:2001 E EN IS0 12894:2001 F
14、oreword The text of the International Standard IS0 12894:2001 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159 “Ergonomics” in collaboration with Technical Committee CENTTC 122 “Ergonomics”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national st
15、andard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2001, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2001. According to the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countrie
16、s are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. NOTE FROM CMC: The foreword is susceptible to be amende
17、d on reception of the German language version. The confirmed or amended foreword, and when appropriate, the normative annex ZA for the references to international publications with their relevant European publications will be circulated with the German version. Endorsement notice The text of the Int
18、ernational Standard IS0 12894:2001 was approved by CEN as a European Standard without any modification. O 8 October 2001 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD IS0 12894 First edition 2001-06-15 Ergonomics of the thermal environment - Medical supervision of individuals exposed to extreme hot or cold environments Er
19、gonomie des ambiances thermiques - Surveillance mdicale des personnes exposes la chaleur ou au froid extrmes _ Reference number - IS0 12894:2001(E) ii EN IS0 12894:201 Contents Page Foreword . iv Introduction . v 1 Scope i 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions . 2 4 Principles of medical
20、supervision of individuals . 2 4.1 General 2 4.2 Ergonomic investigations . 3 4.3 Occupational exposure . 5 Annex A (informative) General principles underlying ergonomic investigations in which volunteer subjects may experience discomfort 6 Annex B (informative) Medical effects of exposure to hot an
21、d cold 9 Annex C (informative) Medical supervision of individuals exposed to extreme hot environments in the Annex D (informative) Medical supervision of individuals exposed to cold environments in the Annex E (informative) Practical requirements of medical supervision in the laboratory. or during f
22、ield laboratory . 13 laboratory . 18 studies with volunteers not normally exposed 23 Annex F (informative) Occupational exposures to extreme heat and cold . 25 Bibliography 29 O 8 October 2001 iii EN IS0 12894:ZOOl Foreword IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide fede
23、ration of national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through IS0 technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that commi
24、ttee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO. also take part in the work. IS0 collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordan
25、ce with the rules given in the ISOAEC Directives, Part 3. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is dr
26、awn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights. IS0 shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard IS0 12894 was prepared by Technical Committee ISOTTC 159, Ergomomics, Subcommit
27、tee SC 5, Ergonomics of the physical environment. Annexes A to F of this International Standard are for information only. iV O 8 October 2001 - EN IS0 12894:2001 Introduction This International Standard is one of a group of standards which specify methods for measuring and evaluating hot, moderate a
28、nd cold thermal environments. International Standards or Technical Reports, which describe the evaluation of hot and cold thermal environments, give advice on the acceptability of these environments for human exposure, taking account of the activity level and the effects of clothing worn. That advic
29、e is given on the basis that the individuals concerned are healthy, that is, without any medical factor which might predispose them to ill effects from the thermal environment. Furthermore, biological variability prevents the accurate prediction of the response of any particular individual to climat
30、ic extremes. For these reasons, it is necessary to provide appropriate medical supervision for individuals who are to be exposed to extreme thermal environments. This International Standard describes a method to determine the degree of medical supervision relevant to different types of exposure, in
31、order to limit the risk of any individual suffering from ill health. O 8 October 2001 V Page 1 EN IS0 12894:2001 Ergonomics of the thermal environment - Medical supervision of individuals exposed to extreme hot or cold environments 1 Scope This International Standard provides advice to those concern
32、ed with the safety of human exposures to extreme hot or cold thermal environments. Extreme thermal environments are those which result in a high rate of heat gain or loss by the body. A precise definition of such environments cannot easily be given, as the change in body heat storage depends on clot
33、hing and activity as well as the parameters of the climatic environment. As a guide, the boundaries of extreme environments might be considered to be as follows: for hot environments, a wet bulb globe temperature of 25 “C; for cold environments an air temperature of O “C or below. Extreme environmen
34、ts can only be tolerated for limited periods of time before a risk of ill health results. Control measures are necessary to ensure the safety of those so exposed, one of which is the provision of appropriate medical supervision prior to and during exposures. This International Standard is intended t
35、o assist those with responsibility for such exposures to reach decisions about the appropriate level of medical supervision in different situations. This International Standard should be read and used in the context of other relevant guidance and legislation. This guidance is applicable to laborator
36、y and occupational exposures to extreme environments. In either case an assessment should be made of the expected thermal stress on the individual, but the detailed arrangements for medical supervision will differ. Control of occupational exposures must also satisfy national health and safety legisl
37、ation. The laboratory or climatic chamber studies for which this International Standard will be relevant include those in which people may be exposed to high or low ambient conditions or local heating or cooling. Studies may, for example, investigate physiological or psychophysical responses to the
38、environment or the benefit of clothing or other protective equipment. Scientific investigations and demonstrations for teaching purposes are included in the scope. In some countries, such studies are subject to specific legislation and, in all cases, experimental exposures should be conducted in the
39、 context of accepted ethical criteria as detailed in relevant national and international statements (see informative annex A and the bibliography). Extremes of environment may be only one component of the total physiological stress imposed in a study. In such cases, appropriate advice must also be o
40、btained with regard to any medical supervision required prior to exposure to the other stressors involved, for example whole body vibration. In some cases, ergonomic investigations are conducted in the field, for example, to document the physiological stress of particular occupations. If the overall
41、 stress of the task is increased as a result of the proposed study, this International Standard will be relevant. This International Standard does not apply to the use of hypo or hyper thermia in the course of medical investigation or treatment. 2 Normative references The following normative documen
42、ts contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encourag
43、ed to O 8 October 2001 Page 2 EN IS0 12894:2001 investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of IS0 and IEC maintain registers of currentl
44、y valid International Standards. IS0 9886, Evaluation of thermal strain by physiological measurements. IS0 13731, Ergonomics of the thermal environment - Vocabulary and symbols. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 in
45、dependent medical officer qualified medical practitioner identified in a study protocol as responsible for the arrangements for medical fitness assessment and health monitoring in support of a study to which this International Standard applies and who is not the principal investigator 3.2 experiment
46、er the member of the investigation team who is in overall control of a particular experimental session 3.3 medical fitness assessment procedure by which the state of past and present health of an individual is reviewed to identify any possible medical predisposition to harm from exposure to extreme
47、thermal environments 3.4 health monitoring process in which the acute effects on the individual resulting from exposure to an extreme thermal environment are observed and interpreted by someone with appropriate training, utilizing physiological monitoring and clinical observation NOTE conditions, an
48、d therefore to prevent any serious ill health arising, if necessary by removal of the individual from the exposure. The purpose is to detect any indications that an individual may no longer be adequately tolerating the exposure 3.5 occupational physician qualified medical practitioner who has receiv
49、ed appropriate training and who is responsible for the supervision of the health at work of employees in one or more enterprise 3.6 principal investigator where more than one person is responsible for the design of a study a principal investigator should be nominated and he or she will normally be responsible for obtaining ethical approval for a study and for ensuring that adequate arrangements are made for medical supervision of the experimental subjects NOTE may be responsible for seeking ethical approval. In the case of multicentre studies with a centrally agree
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