1、BRITISH STANDARD Lb24bb9 0670b94 973 I 3s EN IS0 12945-2:2000 Textiles - Determination of fabric propensity to surface fuzzing and to pilling - Part 2: Modified Martindale method The European Standard EN IS0 129452:2000 has the status of a British Standard ICs 59.080.30 NO COPYING OUT BSI PERMISSION
2、 EXCEPT AS PERMIITED BY COPYRIGHT LAW W Lb2Libb 0870b95 BOT BS EN IS0 12945-2:2000 been prepared under the direction of the Sector AmdNo. Date Committee for Materiais and Chemicals, was published under the authority of the Sandards Committee and comes into effect on 15 September 2000 O BSI 09-2 ISBN
3、 O 580 36180 2 National foreword Comments This Britjsh Standard is the officiai English language version of EN IS0 1294522000. It is identical with IS0 1294522000. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee TCb24, Physical testing of textiies, which has the responsi
4、bility to: - aid enquirers to understand the text; - present to the responsible intedo - monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references Attention
5、 is drawn to the fact that CEN and CENELEC Standards normally include an annex which lists normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications. The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may
6、be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “Intedonal Standards Correspondence Index“, or by using the “Find“ facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standa
7、rds are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN IS0 title page, the EN IS0 foreword page, the IS0 title page, pages i
8、i to v, a blank page, pages 1 to 13, the annex ZA page, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. EUROPEA STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE lb24bb 0870b9b 74b EN IS0 12945-2 EUROPISCHE NORM July 2000 ICs 59.080.10 E
9、nglish version Textiles - Determination of fabric propensity to surface fuzzing and to pilling - Part 2: Modified Martindale method (IS0 12945- 2:2000) Textiles - Dtermination de la propension des toffes Ibouriffage en surface et au boulochage - Partie 2: Mthode Martindale modifie (IS0 12945-2:2000)
10、 Textilien - Bestimmung der Neigung von textilen Flchengebilden zur Flusenbildung auf der Oberflche und der Pillneigung Teil 2: Modifiziertes Martindale-Verfahren (IS0 12945-2:2000) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 3 June 2000. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEWCENELEC Interna
11、l Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
12、This European Standard exists in three officiai versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are
13、 the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITRE FOR STANDARDIZATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG COMIT
14、E EUROPEEN DE NORMALISATION Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart, 36 8-1050 Brussels Q 2000 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN IS0 12945-2:2000 E m Lb2qbb 0870b7 b2 Foreword The text of the International Standard IS0 1
15、2945-2:2000 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 38 “Textiles“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEWC 248 “Textiles and textile products“, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
16、identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2001, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2001. According to the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European
17、 Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IS0 12945-2:2000 was approved by CE
18、N as a European Standard without any modification. NOTE: Normative references to International Standards are listed in annex ZA (normative). INTERNATIONAL STANDARD IS0 12945-2 First edition 2000-07-01 Textiles - Determination of fabric propensity to surface fuzzing and to pilling - Part 2: Modified
19、Martindale method Textiles - Dtermination de la propension des toffes A Ibouriffage en surface et au boulochage - Partie 2: Mthode Martindale modifi Reference number IS0 12945-2:2000(E) IS0 12945-2:2000(E) ii Lb24bb 0870700 TT7 IS0 12945-2:2000(E) Contents Page Foreword . iv Introduction . v 1 Scope
20、 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions . 1 4 Principle 2 5 Apparatus . 2 6 Auxiliary materials . 8 7 8 Preparation of test specimens . 9 9 Procedure . 9 1 O Assessment of fuuing andlor pilling 10 11 Results 11 12 Test report 11 Annex A (normative) Categories of pilling test . 12 Conditi
21、oning and testing atmosphere . 9 Bibliography 13 iii W 3b24bb 0870703 933 IS0 12945-2:2000(E) Foreword IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carrie
22、d out through IS0 technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. IS
23、0 collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISOAEC Directives, Part 3. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committe
24、es are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this part of IS0 12945 may be the subject of patent rights. IS0 shall
25、 not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard IS0 12945-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 38, Textiles. IS0 12945 consists of the following parts, under the general title Textiles - Determination of fabric propensity to surface fuzzing and
26、to pil/ing: - Part 1: Pilling box method - Part 2: Modified Martindale method - Part 3: Determination using a random tumble method Annex A forms a normative part of this part of IS0 12945. iv I Lb2Ybb 0870702 87T = IS0 12945-2:2000(E) Introduction Pills are formed when fibres on a fabric surface “te
27、ase out“ and become entangled during wear. Such surface deterioration is generally undesirable, but the degree of consumer tolerance for a given level of pilling will depend on the garment type and fabric end use. Generally the level of pilling which develops is determined by the rates of the follow
28、ing parallel processes: a) fibre entanglement leading to pill formation; b) development of more surface fibre; c) fibre and pill wear-off. The rates of these processes depend on the fibre, yarn and fabric properties. Examples of extreme situations are found in fabrics containing strong fibres versus
29、 fabric containing weak fibres. A consequence of the strong fibre is a rate of pill formation that exceeds the rate of wear-off. This results in an increase of pilling with an increase of wear. With a weak fibre the rate of pill formation competes with the rate of wear-off. This would result in a fl
30、uctuation of pilling with an increase of wear. There are other constructions that the surface fibre wear-off occurs before pill formation. Each of these examples demonstrates the complexity of evaluating the surface change on different types of fabric. The ideal laboratory test would accelerate the
31、wear processes a), b) and c) by exactly the same factor and would be universally applicable to all fibre, yarn and fabric types. No such test has been developed. However, a test procedure has been established in which fabrics can be ranked in the same order of fuzzing and pilling propensity as is li
32、kely to occur in end-use wear. The modification to the very widely adopted Martindale abrasion testing machine on which this part of IS0 12945 is based is described in a publication by H. Knecht: Neue Methode zur Prfung der Pilhngneigung in Wirkerei und Strickerei Technik, 38 (1988), 12, p. 1309. V
33、D LbZYbb 0870703 70b IPI INTERNATIONAL STANDARD IS0 12945-2:2000(E) Textiles - Determination of fabric propensity to surface fuzzing and to pilling - Part 2: Modified Martindale method 1 Scope This part of IS0 12945 specifies a method for determination of the resistance to pilling and surface change
34、 of textile fabrics using a modified Martindale method. 2 Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of IS0 12945. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these pu
35、blications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this pari of IS0 12945 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to appl
36、ies. Members of IS0 and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. IS0 139, Textiles - Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing. IS0 12947-1, Textiles - Determination of the abrasion resistance of fabrics by the Martindale method - Part 1: Martindale abrasion testing
37、 apparatus. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this pari of IS0 12945 the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 fuzzing roughing up of the surface fibres and/or teasing out of the fibres from the fabric, producing a visible surface change NOTE This change can occur during washing, dry
38、cleaning andor wearing. 3.2 entangling of fibres into balls (pills) which stand proud of the fabric and are of such density that light will not penetrate and will cast a shadow pills NOTE This change can occur during washing, dry cleaning and/or wearing. 3.3 pilling generation of pills over the surf
39、ace of the fabric 1 IS0 12945-2:2000(E) 3.4 pilling rub one revolution of the two outer drives of the modified Martindale abrasion machine 3.5 pilling cycle completion of the translational movements tracing a Lissajous figure comprising 16 rubs, .e. 16 revolutions of the two outer drives and 15 revo
40、lutions of the inner drive of the Martindale abrasion tester 4 Principle A circular test specimen is passed over a friction surface comprising the same fabric or, when relevant, a wool abradant fabric, at a defined force in the form of a Lissajous figure, with the test specimen able to rotate easily
41、 around an axis through its centre, perpendicular to the plane of the test specimen. Fuzzing and pilling are assessed visually after defined stages of rub testing. 5 Apparatus 5.1 Martindale abrasion testing machine, as described in IS0 12947-1, modified in accordance with 5.2. The test apparatus co
42、nsists of a base plate carrying the pilling tables and drive mechanism. The drive mechanism consists of two outer drives and an inner drive which cause the specimen holder guide plate to trace a Lissajous figure. The specimen holder guide plate is moved horizontally by the drive mechanism in such a
43、way that every point of the guide plate describes the same Lissajous figure. The Lissajous movement changes from a circle to gradually narrowing ellipses, until it becomes a straight line, from which progressively widening ellipses develop in a diagonally opposite direction before the pattern is rep
44、eated. The specimen holder guide plate is fitted with bearing housings and low friction bearings which carry the specimen holder guide spindles. The lower end of each specimen holder spindle is inserted into each corresponding specimen holder body. The specimen holder consists of a body, specimen ho
45、lder ring and optional loading weight. The apparatus is fitted with a pre-settable counting device which measures each revolution of one of the outer drives. Each revolution is taken as a pilling rub and sixteen revolutions as a complete Lissajous figure. 5.2 Drive and base plate attachments 5.2.1 D
46、rive Movement of the specimen holder guide plate carrying the specimen holder bearing housings and bearings and consequently the specimen holders themselves is performed by the following units: a) two outer synchronised drive units with the distance of the axis of the drive units from their central
47、axis of (12 I 0,25) mm; b) central drive unit, with the distance of the axis of the drive unit from its central axis of (12 f 0,25) mm. The maximum stroke of the specimen holder guide plate in both the length and traverse directions is (24 f 0,5) mm. 5.2.2 Counter, for counting the pilling rubs and
48、measures to an accuracy of 1 rub. 2 - Lb29bb9 0870705 589 IS0 12945-2:2000(E) 5.2.3 Pilling tables, each consisting of the following elements: a) pilling table (see Figure 1); b) clamping ring (see Figure 2); c) clamping mechanism to fasten the clamping ring. 5.2.4 These interact so as to ensure a u
49、niform, smooth and low vibration movement of the specimen holder guide plate. Specimen holder guide plate, comprising a metal plate in which three guides engage the drive units. The specimen holder guide spindles are located in bearing housings secured to the guide plate, central to each pilling table. Each bearing housing carries two bearings. The guide spindles shall be freely moving and free from play in the bearings. 5.2.5 Specimen holder, for every work station, comprising the following component parts: a) specimen holder (see Figure 3); b) s
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