EN ISO 13732-3-2008 en Ergonomics of the thermal environment - Methods for the assessment of human responses to contact with surfaces - Part 3 Cold surfaces《热环境的人类工效学 人对表面接触的反应评估方法.pdf

1、BS EN ISO13732-3:2008ICS 13.180NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDErgonomics of thethermal environment Methods for theassessment of humanresponses to contactwith surfacesPart 3: Cold surfaces (ISO 13732-3:2005)This British Standardwas published unde

2、r the authority of theStandards Policy andStrategy Committee on 28 February 2009 BSI 200ISBN 978 0 580 65128 1Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN ISO 13732-3:2008National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO13732-3:2008. It is identical to ISO

3、 13732-3:2005. It supersedes BS EN ISO 13732-3:2005 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PH/9/1, Thermal environments.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not p

4、urport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.9EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 13732-3September 2008ICS 13.180 Supersedes EN ISO 1373

5、2-3:2005 English VersionErgonomics of the thermal environment - Methods for theassessment of human responses to contact with surfaces - Part3: Cold surfaces (ISO 13732-3:2005)Ergonomie des ambiances thermiques - Mthodesdvaluation de la rponse humaine au contact avec dessurfaces - Partie 3: Surfaces

6、froides (ISO 13732-3:2005)Ergonomie der thermischen Umgebung -Bewertungsmethoden fr Reaktionen des Menschen beiKontakt mit Oberflchen - Teil 3: Kalte Oberflchen (ISO13732-3:2005)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 August 2008.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal

7、 Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.Th

8、is European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are th

9、e national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland

10、and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 1373

11、2-3:2008: EBS EN ISO 13732-3:2008EN ISO 13732-3:2008 (E) 3 Foreword The text of ISO 13732-3:2005 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159 “Ergonomics” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 13732-3:2008 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 1

12、22 “Ergonomics” the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December

13、 2009. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 13732-3:2005. This document has been prepared u

14、nder a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EC Directive(s). For relationship with EC Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral part of this document. According to the CEN/CENELEC Int

15、ernal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, M

16、alta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 13732-3:2005 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 13732-3:2008 without any modification. BS EN ISO 13732-3:2008EN ISO 13732-3:2008 (E) 4 Ann

17、ex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means of conforming to Essenti

18、al Requirements of the New Approach Directive 98/37/EC on machinery, amended by 98/79/EC. Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Communities under that Directive and has been implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the normative c

19、lauses of this standard given in Table ZA.1 confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the relevant Essential Requirements of that Directive and associated EFTA regulations. Table ZA.1 Correspondence between this European Standard and Directive 98/37/E

20、C, amended by 98/79/EC Clause(s)/sub-clause(s) of this EN Essential Requirements (ERs) of Directive 98/37/EC, amended by 98/79/EC Qualifying remarks/Notes Clauses 4 to 8 1.1.5, 1.5.5, 1.7.2 - WARNING Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the sc

21、ope of this standard. BS EN ISO 13732-3:2008EN ISO 13732-3:2008 (E) 5 Annex ZB (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the

22、European Free Trade Association to provide a means of conforming to Essential Requirements of the New Approach Directive 2006/42/EC on machinery. Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Communities under that Directive and has been implemented as a national standard in at

23、 least one Member State, compliance with the normative clauses of this standard given in Table ZB.1 confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the relevant Essential Requirements of that Directive and associated EFTA regulations. Table ZB.1 Corresponde

24、nce between this European Standard and Directive 2006/42/EC Clause(s)/sub-clause(s) of this EN Essential Requirements (ERs) of Directive 2006/42/EC Qualifying remarks/Notes All clauses Annex I: 1.1.6, 1.5.5, 1.7.2 - WARNING Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(

25、s) falling within the scope of this standard. BS EN ISO 13732-3:2008ISO 13732-3:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved iiiForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International St

26、andards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also

27、 take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committee

28、s is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possib

29、ility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 13732-3 was prepared by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 159, Er

30、gonomics, Subcommittee SC 5, Ergonomics of the physical environment, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement). Throughout the text of this document, read “.this European Standard.” to mean “.this International Standard.”. ISO 13732 consists of

31、the following parts, under the general title Ergonomics of the thermal environment Methods for the assessment of human responses to contact with surfaces: Part 1: Hot surfaces Part 2: Human contact with surfaces at moderate temperature Technical Specification Part 3: Cold surfaces For the purposes o

32、f this part of ISO 13732, the CEN annex regarding fulfilment of European Council Directives has been removed. BS EN ISO 13732-3:2008ISO 13732-3:2005(E) iv ISO 2005 All rights reservedContents page Forewordv Introduction vi 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 Principles fo

33、r risk assessment.2 5 Threshold data .4 6 Risk assessment9 7 Principles for establishing limit values .10 8 Principles for measures to minimize the risk .11 Annex A (informative) Scientific background12 Annex B (informative) Extension of application14 Annex C (informative) Thermal properties of sele

34、cted materials15 Annex D (informative) Examples of cold risk assessment 16 Annex E (informative) Protective measures 19 Bibliography 20 BS EN ISO 13732-3:2008ISO 13732-3:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved v1)Part 2: has been published as ISO Technical specification ISO/TS 13732-2:2001 Human contac

35、t with surfaces at moderate temperature.Foreword This document (EN ISO 13732-3:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 “Ergonomics”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 159 “Ergonomics”. This European Standard shall be given the

36、 status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2006. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the

37、European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directives. EN ISO 13732 consists of the following parts, under the general title “Ergonomics of the thermal environment - Methods for the assessment of human responses to contact with surfaces“1): Part 1: Hot surfaces; Part

38、3: Cold surfaces. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,

39、 Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. BS EN ISO 13732-3:2008ISO 13732-3:2005(E) vi ISO 2005 All rights reservedIntroduction This European Standard is a type B standard as stated in EN IS

40、O 12100. The provisions of this document may be supplemented or modified by a type C standard. NOTE For machines which are covered by the scope of a type C standard and which have been designed and built according to the provisions of that standard, the provisions of that type C standard take preced

41、ence over the provisions of this type B standard. Working with unprotected hands is often inevitable in the cold operation when a precision task is demanded. However the contact of bare skin with cold surfaces reduces skin temperature, causing acute effects such as discomfort, pain, numbness or fros

42、tbite. In addition repeated cold exposures with severe cooling of the skin may induce non-freezing cold injury (possible damage of nerves or vessels). Although the existing international standards are at hand for the assessment of the cold hazards involved, no standard concerns the special problems

43、of contacting cold surfaces so far. Assessment of contact cooling is thus considered necessary. To assess the risk of the cold injury, it is necessary to know the major factors affecting principally hand/finger cooling on cold surfaces. These factors involve: properties of the object surface; temper

44、ature of the cold surface and ambience; duration of contact between the skin and the surface; characteristics of hand/finger skin and the type and nature of the contact. In practice, these factors are somewhat interacted and complicated. The type of contact material has an impact on the contact time

45、 at various cold temperatures. Thus, the contact time for the critical contact temperature limits on cold surfaces were empirically correlated with the major factors such as thermal penetration coefficient and surface temperature of the material, respectively. The statistically non-linear models (em

46、pirical models) based on the database of lower quartile (75 % protected) are able to estimate the finger/hand contact cooling of a large range of individuals on the cold surfaces. This European Standard is designed to integrate all results obtained from the experimental research with both human fing

47、ers and an artificial finger. It outlines a guideline document for the specification of safe time limits of hand/finger contact with various cold surfaces. BS EN ISO 13732-3:2008ISO 13732-3:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved 11 Scope This European Standard describes methods for the assessment of t

48、he risk of cold injury and other adverse effects when a cold surface is touched by bare hand/finger skin. This standard provides ergonomics data to establish temperature limit values for cold solid surfaces. The values established can be used in the development of special standards, where surface te

49、mperature limit values are required. The data of this standard will be applicable to all fields where cold solid surfaces cause a risk of acute effects: pain, numbness and frostbite. The data are not limited to the hands but apply to human skin in general. The standard is applicable to the healthy skin of adults (females and males). Considerations on the extension of applications are given in Annex B. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For