1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 13927:2015Plastics Simple heat releasetest using a conical radiantheater and a thermopiledetectorBS EN ISO 13927:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO13927:2015. It supersedes BS EN ISO 13927:2003 which is wi
2、thdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PRI/26, Burning behaviour of plastics and rubbers.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisi
3、ons of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2015. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 72917 1ICS 83.080.01Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published un
4、der the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2015.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 13927 April 2015 ICS 83.080.01 Supersedes EN ISO 13927:2003English Version Plastics - Simple heat release tes
5、t using a conical radiant heater and a thermopile detector (ISO 13927:2015) Plastiques - Essai simple pour la dtermination du dbit calorifique au moyen dun radiateur conique et dune sonde thermopile (ISO 13927:2015) Kunststoffe - Einfache Prfung der Wrmefreisetzung unter Anwendung eines kegelfrmigen
6、 Strahlungsheizkrpers und einer Thermosule als Detektor (ISO 13927:2015) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 21 February 2015. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national
7、 standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version
8、 in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czec
9、h Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EU
10、ROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 13927:2015
11、 EBS EN ISO 13927:2015EN ISO 13927:2015 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 13927:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61 “Plastics” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics” the secretariat of which is held by NBN. This European Standard shall be given the st
12、atus of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2015, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2015. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the s
13、ubject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 13927:2003. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to impleme
14、nt this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, S
15、lovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 13927:2015 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 13927:2015 without any modification. BS EN ISO 13927:2015ISO 13927:2015(E)Foreword vIntroduction vi1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms
16、 and definitions . 14 Symbols 25 Principle 26 Apparatus . 26.1 General . 26.2 Cone-shaped radiant electrical heater . 46.3 Heat flux controller . 46.4 Thermopile and housing 56.5 Specimen holder 56.6 Fume extraction system 76.7 Ignition circuit . 76.8 Ignition timer . 86.9 Heat flux meter . 86.10 Ca
17、libration burner . 86.11 Data collection system 87 Suitability of a product for testing 107.1 Surface characteristics 107.2 Asymmetrical products 107.3 Thin materials . 107.4 Composite specimens. 107.5 Dimensionally unstable materials . 107.6 Materials that require testing under compression .118 Spe
18、cimen construction and preparation118.1 Specimens 118.2 Conditioning of specimens 128.3 Preparation . 128.3.1 Specimen wrapping 128.3.2 Specimen preparation 138.3.3 Preparing specimens of materials that require testing under compression 139 Calibration .139.1 Heater calibration 139.2 Thermopile cali
19、bration . 149.2.1 General. 149.2.2 Initial calibration 149.2.3 Daily calibration 1410 Test procedure .1410.1 Initial preparation . 1510.2 Procedure . 1511 Precision 1612 Test report 16Annex A (normative) Calibration of the heat flux meter 17Annex B (informative) Guidance notes for operators 18Annex
20、C (informative) Measuring mass loss during testing 19 ISO 2015 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS EN ISO 13927:2015ISO 13927:2015(E)Annex D (informative) Calculation of effective critical heat flux for ignition .20Bibliography .21iv ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 13927:2015ISO 13927:2015(
21、E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a
22、technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matter
23、s of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This docum
24、ent was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all suc
25、h patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does
26、 not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary Informat
27、ion The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 4, Burning behaviour.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 13927:2001), which has been technically revised. ISO 2015 All rights reserved vBS EN ISO 13927:2015ISO 13927:2015(E)Introductio
28、nFire is a complex phenomenon; its behaviour and effects depend upon a number of interrelated factors. The behaviour of materials and products depends upon the characteristics of the fire, the method of use of the materials, and the environment in which they are exposed (see also ISO 13943).A test s
29、uch as the one specified in this International Standard deals only with a simple representation of a particular aspect of the potential fire situation, typified by a radiant heat source, and it cannot alone provide any direct guidance on the behaviour or safety in fire. A test of this type can, howe
30、ver, be used for comparative purposes or to ensure the existence of a certain quality of performance (in this case, heat release from a composite material or an assembly) considered to have a bearing on fire performance generally. It would be wrong to attach any other meaning to performance in this
31、test.The attention of all users of this test is drawn to the warning that immediately precedes Clause 10.vi ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 13927:2015Plastics Simple heat release test using a conical radiant heater and a thermopile detector1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies a method
32、suitable for the production control or product development purposes for assessing the heat release rate of essentially flat products exposed in the horizontal orientation to controlled levels of radiant heating with an external igniter. The heat release rate is determined by the use of a thermopile
33、instead of the more accurate oxygen consumption techniques. The time to ignition (sustained flaming) is also measured in this test. Test specimen mass loss can also be measured optionally.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document
34、and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 291, Plastics Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testingISO 13943, Fire safety Vocabula
35、ryISO 14934-3, Fire tests Calibration and use of heat flux meters Part 3: Secondary calibration method3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 13943 and the following apply.3.1essentially flat surfacesurface whose irregularity from a plane does
36、 not exceed 1 mm3.2ignitiononset of sustained flaming (3.7)3.3materialsingle substance or uniformly dispersed mixture, for example, metal, stone, timber, concrete, mineral fibre, or polymer3.4orientationplane in which the exposed face of the specimen is located during testing either vertical or hori
37、zontal face upwards3.5productmaterial, composite or assembly, about which information is required3.6test specimenrepresentative piece of the product which is to be tested together with any substrate or surface treatmentNote 1 to entry: The test specimen may include an air gap.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
38、ISO 13927:2015(E) ISO 2015 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 13927:2015ISO 13927:2015(E)3.7sustained flamingexistence of flame on or over the surface of the specimen for a period of over 10 s3.8transitory flamingexistence of flame on or over the surface of the specimen for a period of between 1 s and 1
39、0 s4 Symbolstigtime to ignition (onset of sustained flaming), expressed in seconds (s)q180heat release rate per unit area at 180 s after ignition, expressed in kilowatts (kW/m2)q300heat release rate per unit area at 300 s after ignition, expressed in kilowatts (kW/m2)qmaxmaximum heat release rate pe
40、r unit area, expressed in kilowatts (kW/m2)5 PrincipleThe heat release rate is assessed by measurement of the output of a thermopile located in a chimney situated above a burning test specimen that is subjected to a known heat flux from a conical heater. The output (in mV) which represents temperatu
41、re (in C) is converted into heat release rate per unit area (in kW/m2) by use of a calibration graph obtained previously by burning methane gas of known calorific value in the same apparatus. The specimen mass loss rate during the test can also be measured by continuously recording the specimen load
42、 cell output.6 Apparatus6.1 GeneralThe test apparatus shall consist essentially of the following components: a cone-shaped radiant heater, a chimney housing a thermopile, a load cell, a specimen holder, and a fume extraction system. A schematic representation of the assembly is given in Figure 1. Th
43、e individual components are described below.Untoleranced dimensions are recommended values, but should be followed closely.2 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 13927:2015ISO 13927:2015(E)Dimensions in millimetresKey1 thermopile2 chimney3 cone heater4 spark igniter5 specimen6 load cell (optional)F
44、igure 1 Schematic drawing of apparatus ISO 2015 All rights reserved 3BS EN ISO 13927:2015ISO 13927:2015(E)6.2 Cone-shaped radiant electrical heaterThe active element of the heater shall consist of an electrical heater rod, capable of delivering 5 000 W at the operating voltage, tightly wound into th
45、e shape of a truncated cone (see Figure 2). The heater shall be encased on the outside with a double-walled, stainless-steel cone filled between the walls with a refractory blanket of nominal thickness 13 mm and nominal density 100 kg/m3. The heat flux from the heater shall be maintained at a pre-se
46、t level by controlling the average temperature of three type K sheathed stainless-steel thermocouples symmetrically disposed and in contact with, but not welded to the heater element (see Figure 2). 1,0 mm to 1,6 mm outside diameter sheathed (unearthed) thermocouples with an unexposed hot junction m
47、ay be used. The heater shall be capable of producing heat fluxes on the surface of the specimen of up to 75 kW/m2. The heat flux shall be uniform within the central 50 mm 50 mm area of the exposed specimen surface to within 2 % for an irradiance of 50 kW/m2.The cone heater shall be provided with a r
48、emovable radiation shield to protect immediately the specimen from heat prior to the start of the test.6.3 Heat flux controllerThe heat flux control system shall maintain the average temperature of the heater element steady to within 2 C.Dimensions in millimetresKey1 inner shell2 refractory-fibre pa
49、cking3 thermocouple4 outer shell5 spacer block6 heating elementFigure 2 Cross-sectional view through heater4 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 13927:2015ISO 13927:2015(E)6.4 Thermopile and housingA circular cross-section chimney 600 mm 2 mm long and 115 mm 2 mm internal diameter constructed from 1-mm-thick stainless steel shall be used to house the thermopile. This shall be fixed on top of the top-plate of the cone heater. The axis of the chimney shall coincide with the axis of the cone heater. The therm
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