1、STD-BSI BS EN IS0 13937-Y-ENGL 2000 E 1b2Ybb7 0848509 99b E BRITISH STANDARD Textiles - Tear properties of fabrics - Part 4: Determination of tear force of tongue-shaped test specimens (Double tear test) The European Standard EN IS0 1393742000 has the status of a British Standard ICs 59.080.30 NO CO
2、PYNG WITBOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT As PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BS EN IS0 13937-4:2000 STDmBSI BS EN IS0 13737-9-ENGL 2000 = Lb29bb7 08985LO bO8 M direction of the Sector Committee for Materials and Chemicals, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15
3、June 2000 Amd. No. O BSI W2000 BS EN IS0 1393742000 Date Comments National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN IS0 1393742000. It is identical with IS0 1393742000. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee TCI/24, Physical
4、testing of teirtiles, which has the responsibility to: - aid enqluirers to understand the text; - present to the responsible internatio - monitor related intemational and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on req
5、uest to its secretary. Cross-references Attention is drawn to the fact that CEN and CENELEC Standards normally include an annex which lists normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications. The British Standards which implement these international or
6、European publications may be found in the BSI Standards Cataiogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index“, or by using the “Find“ facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a con
7、tract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN IS0 title page, pages 2 to 17 and a bac
8、k cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. ISBN O 580 34960 8 STD-BSI BS EN IS0 13737-4-ENGL 2000 lb24bb9 0848511 54LJ E EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN IS0 139374 April 2000 ICs 59.080.30 English version Textiles -
9、Tear properties of fabrics - Part 4: Determination of tear force of tongue-shaped test specimens (Double tear test) (IS0 1 3937-4:2000) Texbiles - Proprids de dchirement des b) capable of gauge length to be set to 100 rnrn i 1 mm; STD.BSI BS EN IS0 13937-4-ENGL 2000 lb24bb9 08Li851b 02b Page 6 EN IS
10、0 13937-4:2000 c) provided with means for recording the force applied to the test specimen during the tear test; d) under conditions of use, the accuracy of the apparatus shall be class 1 of IS0 7500-1. The error of the indicated or recorded maximum force at any point in the range in which the machi
11、ne is used shall not exceed * 1 %, and the error of the indicated or recorded jaw separation shall not exceed f 1 mm; e) if recording of force and extension is obtained by means of data acquisition boards and software, the frequency of data collection shall be at least 8 per second. If a class 2 ten
12、sile testing machine has to be used, this shall be stated in the test report. 6.3 Clamping device, comprising the two jaws of the machine, the central points of which are in the line of pull, the front edges at right angles to the line of pull and the clamping faces in the same plane. The jaws shall
13、 be capable of holding the test specimen without allowing it to slip and designed so that they do not cut or othewise weaken the test specimen. The width of the jaws shall preferably be 200 mrn, but shall not be less than the width of the test specimen. 6.4 Equipment for cutting aut test specimens,
14、preferably a hollow punch or template to give test specimens of the dimensions shown in figure 1. 7 Atmosphere for conditioning and testing The atmospheres for preconditioning, condiuoning and testing shall be as specified in IS0 139. 8 Preparation of test specimens 8.1 General From each laboratory
15、sample two sets of test specimens shall be cut, one set in the warp direction and the other in the weft direction. NOTE: For other than woven fabrics, use the relevant designation for direction e.g. length and transverse. Each set shall consist of at least five test specimens, or more if agreed. In
16、accordance with clause 5 and annex 8, no two test specimens shall contain the same longitudinal or transverse threads, and no specimen shall be cui within 150 mm of the edge of the fabric. 8.2 Dimensions Cut out test specimens in accordance with the shape and dimensions shown in figure 2 and mark th
17、e line abcd on both sides of each specimen. Mark the end of tear (25 f 1) mm from the uncut end in the middle of the strip to indicate the position of the tear at the completion of the test. STD-BSI BS EN IS0 13937-4-ENGL 2000 E 1b24bb7 0848517 Tb2 E Page 7 EN IS0 13937-4:2000 Figure 1 - Example of
18、tongue-shaped test specimen STDeBSI BS EN IS0 13937-Y-ENGL 2000 M Lb24hb7 0848538 7T7 Page 0 EN IS0 13937-4:2 Dimensions in millimetres 220f2 1 70k1 I - I I ib I I d * 4= 100 100*1 + C ul r 1 Mark for end of tear length Figure 2 - Dimensions of tongue-shaped test specimen STD-BSI BS EN IS0 33737-4-E
19、NGL 2000 lb24bb7 0848539 835 II Page 9 EN IS0 13937-4:2000 8.3 Cutting out of test speclmens For woven fabrics, each test specimen shall be cut with its longer side parallel to the warp or the weit of the fabric. For test specimens where the longer side is parallel to the warp, the direction of the
20、tear is quaiied as “across weft“ and for test specimens where the longer side of the test specimen is parallel to the direction of the weit the tear is qualified “across warp“ (see 3.3 and annex B). 9 Procedure 9.1 Gauge length Set the gauge length of the tensile testing machine to 100 mm. 9.2 Rate
21、of extension Set the rate of extension of the tensile testing machine to 100 mmimin. 9.3 Mountlng of test speclmens Clamp the tongue of the test specimen centrally and symmetrically in the fixed jaws so that line bc is just visible, as illustrated in figure 3. Clamp the legs of the test specimen sym
22、metrically in the traversing jaws of the machine CO that the lines ab and cd are just visible and the legs of the test specimen are parallel to the force of tear. Take care to ensure that each tongue is fixed in a jaw so that the beginning of the tear is parallel to the direction in which the tearin
23、g force is applied. Avoid pretension when the test is started. Page 10 EN IS0 1393742ooO Dimensions in millimetres 1 Gauge length (reduced during mounting) Figure 3 - Clamping arrangement 9.4 Operation Engage any device for recording of the tear force. Put the moving clamp in motion and continue bot
24、h tears to the point marked near the end of the strip. Record the tear force in newtons, and if a tear trace is wanted, record the the accompanying jaw separation (tear length) for each of the test specimens in each fabric direction, using recording or electronic devices (6.2). if the evaluation of
25、the peaks derived from dense fabrics with large numbers of threads per cm are to be taken from the chart recording manually (see lO.l), the speed of the chart paper has to be set to 2:l in relation to the rate of extension speed. Observe whether the tears proceed along the direction of force and whe
26、ther any threads slip out from the fabric rather than being tom. The test is correct if there is a) no slippage of threads out of the fabric, b) no slippage in the jaws, c) the tear is completed and proceeded along the direction of application of the force. Other results shall be discarded. If the r
27、esults from three or more out of aie five test specimens have to be rejected, the method is unsuitable. If agreed test additional test specimens, preferably doubling the number of test specimens. In such cases, the reporting of the results shall also be agreed. If the tear does not proceed along the
28、 direction of the cuts or threads are pulled out rather than being tom, the fabric shall be described as untearable in that direction by this test. Page 11 EN IS0 13937-4:2000 1 O Calculation and expression of results Two methods of calculation are specified, manual and electronic. They may not lead
29、 to the same result and results calculated by different methods are not to be compared. 10.1 Manual evaluation of tear forces from the chart recording. For a sample of calculation see annex C. 10.1.1 Divide the tear length, beginning with the first peak and ending with the last peak recorded, into f
30、our equal parts (see annex C). The first part shall not be used for the calculation of the mean value. From each of the three remaining subsections, select and note the two highest and the two lowest peaks. A peak suitable for calculation is characterized by a 1 O % min. rising and fallilng of force
31、 (see 3.4). 10.1.2 For each test specimen, calculate the arithmetic mean in newtons of the 12 peak values obtained according to 10.1.1. NOTE: For manual evaluations a limited number of selected peaks is chosen to keep calculation time acceptable. For calculation including all peaks, electronic evalu
32、ation is recommended. 10.1.3 From the mean calculated for each test specimen (see 10.1.2) calculate the overall arithmetic mean of the tear force in newtons for each direction tested, and round it to two significant figures. 10.1.4 If required calculate the coefficient of variation to the nearest 0,
33、l % and the 95% confidence limits in newtons rounded to two significant figures, using the mean test specimen values as calculated according to 10.1.2. 10.1.5 If required, calculate the mean of the six heighest peak values in newtons for each test specimen. 10.1.6 If required, note the highest and t
34、he lowest peak value in newtons (maximum peak distance) for each test specimen. 10.2 Calculation using electronic devices For a sample calculation see annex C. 102.1 Divide the tear length between the first and last peak recorded into four equal parts (see annex C). Ignoring the first part of the te
35、ar length, all peaks of the remaining distance are recorded. A peak suitable for calculation is characterized by a 10 % min. rising and falling in force (see 3.4). 10.2.2 The arithmetic mean in newtons for the test specimen is calculated using all peaks recorded according to 10.2.1. 10.2.3 From the
36、mean calculated for each test specimen (see 10.2.2) calculate the overall arithmetic mean of the tear force in newtons for each direction tested, and round it to two significant figures. 10.2.4 If required, calculate the coefficient of variation to the nearest 0,l % and the 95Y0 confidence limits in
37、 newtons rounded to two significant figures, using the specimen mean values as calculated according to 10.2.2. Page 12 EN IS0 13937-4:2000 11 Testreport The test report shall include the following information: 11.1 General information a) Reference to this part of EN IS0 13937 and the date of test: b
38、) identification of test sample and if required, sampling procedure; c) number of test specimens and number of tests rejected and reasons for this; d) observations on unusual tear behaviour; e) whether mean values are calculated manually (see 10.1) or by electronic device (see 10.2); f) any deviatio
39、n from the given procedure. 11.2 Test results a) The overall mean tear force across warp and across weft, in newtons. If only 3 or 4 test specimens are tom correctly, state the results for the individual test specimens; b) if required, the coefficient of variation, in percent; c) if required, the 95
40、% confidence limits, in newtons; d) if required, in case of manual evaluation (see lO.l), the mean of the maximum peak force values for each test specimen (see 10.1 S), in newtons; e) 1 required, in case of manual evaluation (see lO.l), the lowest and highest peak force value for each test specimen
41、(see 10.1.6), in newtons. STD*BSI BS EN IS0 13937-9-ENGL 2000 W Lb24bbS 0848523 2bb Page 13 EN IS0 13937-4:2OOO Annex A (informath) Suggested procedure for sampling A.l Bulk sampling (Number of pieces taken from a shipment or lot) Take at random from the shipment or lot the appropriate number of pie
42、ces shown in table A.l. Ensure that no piece that shows signs of damage or dampness incurred during transit is included in the bulk sample. Table A.l - Bulk sampling Number of pieces in shipment or lot Number of pieces comprising bulk sample, minimum 3 or less 1 4 to 10 2 11 to30 3 31 to75 4 76 or m
43、ore 5 A.2 Number of laboratory samples From each piece in the bulk sample, cut (from a position taken at random but at least 3 m from an end of the piece) a laboratory sample of length at least 1 m and of full width. Ensure that areas that are creased or that have a visible fault, or faults, are not
44、 included in the laboratoty sample. Page 14 EN IS0 13937-4:2000 Annex B (informative) Example of pattern for cutting out test specimens from the laboratory sample 1 ll O o cl o 9-. 4 I 1 1 Edge 2 Specimen for tear “across weft“ 3 Specimen for tear across warp“ 4 Warp Figure B.l STD-BSI BS EN IS0 139
45、37-4-ENGL 2000 m Lb2Libb9 0848525 O37 I Page 15 EN IS0 13937-4:2000 Annex C (informative) Sample calculation of tear force I I I I 2 1 Force 2 Direction of tear (trace length) 3 Approx. medium peak range 4 Ignore 5 Subsection 1 6 Subsection 2 7 Subsection 3 8 End of tear Figure C.1 Page 16 EN IS0 13
46、937-4:2000 Approximation of a peak (see 3.4). For ease of handling manual evaluations, it is suggested to approximate the peak force level for medium height peaks from the tear trace of a test specimen. One tenth of this value, rounded to within about 110 %, indicates the rising and falling in force
47、 required for characterization of a peak. Example Medium-height peaks 85 N to 90 N (approximate level) 10 % of this peaks usable for calculation are characterized by rising and falling of force 8,5 N to 9 N 8 N Page 17 EN IS0 13937-4:2000 Bibliography EN IS0 13934-1 :1999, Texes - Tensile properties
48、 of fabe - Part 1: Detemination of maximum force and &gation at maximum fome using stnp meM (IS0 139%- 1: 1999) EN IS0 13934-211999, Te&s - Tensi/eppioperbies of fabrics - Part2 Determinailon of maximum force using grab mew (IS0 13934-2. 1999) EN IS0 13935-1 :1999, TeMhs - Seam tensile pqerties of f
49、abrics and made-up textie artices - Part I: Determinatim of seam maximum force using stnp method (IS0 139%- I: 1999) EN IS0 13935-2:1999, Texbes - Seam tenst7epmperties of &be andmade-up textile artkles - Part2 Det6mihahn of seam maximum fome using grab method (IS0 139352: 1999) prEN IS0 13936, Texales - Detehination of the slippage resishnce of yarns at a seam in woven fabrics (lsoms 13936: 1998) EN IS0 13937-1 :1999, T&hs - Tearptths of Wns - Part 1: Detemhation of tear force using hfistic pendulum method (Elm& (IS0 13937- 1: 1999) EN IS0 13937-2:1999,
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